431 research outputs found
Visual Culture: Darshan in the Modern World
No full textDarshan is the reciprocal exchange of glances between the devotee and the deity. This visual worship is central to Hinduism, and in its most classical formulation, it takes place between the divine mūrti (icon) that is housed within a Hindu temple located in a pilgrimage center and the visiting pilgrim who has traveled there to see and be seen by the icon and to prostrate before it seeking its blessing. This chapter focuses on the practice of darshan in the modern, post-colonial context. It provides an introduction to the range of visual media used by Hindus for darshan today, with examples drawn from the author\u27s fieldwork stays in India. It then provides an overview of several major debates that have emerged out of modern darshanic practices and a consideration of what those teach us about post-colonial Hindu identity
The role of E-cadherin in the regulation of myelination in the peripheral nervous system
No full textIn the mammalian nervous system, saltatory conduction is necessary for rapid velocities of action potentials down long axonal trunks. Myelination is the key to this near instantaneous transmission of signals. Oligodendrocytes of the central nervous system and Schwann cells of the peripheral nervous system, are the cells that myelinate axons. While there is some understanding of how these cells concentrically wrap their plasma membranes around the axon to form this insulative layer, the precise induction mechanism is not clearly determined. A potential molecule involved in this process is E-cadherin, which has been previously identified to be localized to regions of compact myelin and various adhesion enriched areas. This study focuses on the role of E-cadherin, a member of the classical cadherin family of calcium dependent adhesion molecules, and its role in the initiation of myelination in the Schwann cells. Protein lysates of rat sciatic nerve demonstrate that expression of E-cadherin was shown to increase with development and that E-cadherin associated with ErbB2, a receptor tyrosine kinase known to function in Schwann cell development, promotes proliferation and myelination. Knockdown of E-cadherin has a negative effect on myelination in vitro, while ectopic expression of E-cadherin induces myelination. Additionally, upon perturbation of beta catenin binding to E-cadherin, enhanced proliferation and myelination was observed. This enhancement was found specifically in Superior Cervical Ganglion neurons (SCG), suggesting that beta-catenin coupling may also have an effect in myelination through an un-determined cadherin-catenin mechanism. These results suggest that cadherins have a critical role in the complex process of myelination.Ph.D.Includes bibliographical referencesIncludes vitaby Darshan J. Desa
Physoschistura harkishorei Das & Darshan 2017, new species
No full textPhysoschistura harkishorei, new species (Fig. 1) Holotype. RGUMF 290, 41.3 mm SL; male, India: Arunachal Pradesh state, Lower Dibang Valley district, Dibang River (the Brahmaputra basin); 28°09´59˝ N 95°43´55˝E; Boni Amin Laskar, August 2004. Paratypes. RGUMF 291–295, 5, 42.5–53.4 mm SL; same data as holotype. RGUMF 332, 1, 46.1 mm SL, male, India: Arunachal Pradesh state, Lohit district, Lohit River at Alubari Ghat, at the immediate side of Lohit bridge (Alubari bridge), 27°51´29˝ N 96°01´36 ˝ E, elevation 159 msl; Achom Darshan and Santoshkumar Abujam, 29th August 2016. Diagnosis. Physoschistura harkishorei can be distinguished from all known congeners by the combination of the following characters: the second branched ray of the pectoral fin with a distal filamentous extension; body colour pattern consisting of 9–10 brownish vertically-elongated spots or blotches along the flank, 8–10 brownish saddles on back, saddles not contiguous with the lateral blotches; lateral line complete; a pelvic-fin lobe present; a well-developed free posterior chamber of the air-bladder; and caudal fin with 7+8 branched rays. Description. Morphometric data of holotype and six paratypes are shown in Table 1. Dorsal profile elevating abruptly in snout region, gently inclined to dorsal-fin origin, then sloping gently downwards towards caudal fin; ventral profile almost straight up to anal-fin origin, then inclined evenly towards caudal-fin base. Body crosssection sub-cylindrical anteriorly, laterally compressed from base of last pectoral-fin ray to base of caudal fin. Body covered with minute scales, absent between bases of pectoral fin and belly anterior to pelvic fin. Lateral line midlateral, complete, and straight. Cephalic lateral-line system with 7 supraorbital, 4 + 11 infraorbital, 9 preoperculo-mandibular, and 3 supratemporal pores. Head depressed. Eye oval, placed in upper and anterior half of head, not visible in ventral view. Interorbital space flat, wide. Mouth inferior, small, strongly curved backward, about twice as wide as long. Processus dentiformis present, no corresponding notch in lower jaw. Lower lip with prominent median notch, forming two triangular pads (Fig. 2). Three pairs of barbels, outer rostral barbel long, reaching posterior rim of eye; inner rostral barbel shorter, extending to middle of snout; maxillary barbel extending slightly beyond vertical through posterior rim of eye. Anterior and posterior nostrils adjacent. Anterior nostrils in a flap-like tube, its tip truncate. Dorsal fin with 2(2) or 3*(5) simple and 8(1) or 8½*(5) or 9(1) branched rays, its origin slightly anterior to vertical through pelvic-fin origin. Distal margin of dorsal fin slightly convex. Pelvic fin with 1(7) simple and 7(7) branched rays. Pelvic-fin lobe prominent and large. Pectoral fin with 1(7) simple and 9 (1) or 10 *(6) branched rays. Second branched ray of pectoral fin with distal filamentous extension, often extended far beyond pelvic-fin origin, reaching upto posterior margin of pelvic-fin lobe in larger specimens greater than 49.0 mm SL. Anal fin with 2(7) simple and 5 (1) or 5½* (6) branched rays. Adpressed pelvic fin not reaching vent. Caudal fin forked, lobes equal in length, with 7+8 branched rays. Free posterior chamber of air-bladder placed immediately behind air-bladder capsule, spherical in shape, not encapsulated (Fig. 3). Intestine with large loop extending forward towards left posterolateral side of stomach (Fig. 4). Sexual dimorphism. Males possess a suborbital flap (Fig. 5) while females have a suborbital groove in place of male’s suborbital flap. The first branched pectoral-fin ray broadens in males by fusing together and separating at towards the tip (Fig. 6). No distinct sexual dichromaticism or dimorphism. Colouration. In 70% alcohol, background body colour yellowish cream, ornamented dorsally with 8–10 brownish saddles and 9–10 vertically elongated spots or blotches along flank, saddles alternately placed with lateral blotches, not contiguous. In some paratypes, predorsal lateral blotches extend well below lateral line. Head and snout region scattered with brown spots. A conspicuous dark-brown spot at dorsal-fin origin, a transverse brownish streak at middle of dorsal fin due to heavy accumulations of melanophores in mid-region of fin rays. Mid-base of dorsal fin, from third to sixth branched rays, along with the adjoining basal membrane brownish, distal and sub-basal portion of dorsal fin hyaline. Basicaudal bar basally broad, narrower dorsally, incomplete, terminated at a point about half eye diameter above ventral margin of caudal-fin base. Etymology. The new species is named in memory of Late Harkishore Das, the father of the first author, who inspired him (DND) to take up fisheries research as his academic career. Distribution. Presently, known from the Dibang River, its type locality and the Lohit River (both Brahmaputra basin) in Arunachal Pradesh (Figs. 7, 8). Discussion Physoschistura harkishorei differs from P. dikrongensis, and P. elongata, its sympatric congeners in the Brahmaputra basin, in having a complete (vs. incomplete) lateral line, a filamentous extension (vs. lacking extension) in the second branched ray of the pectoral fin, and lateral body markings in the form of verticallyelongated blotches (vs. bars). Further, P. harkishorei differs from P. dikrongensis by its shorter snout (32.9–40.6% HL vs. 44.1–53.9), dorsal-fin (9.1–10.4% SL vs. 13.8–17.7), 8–10 blotches (vs. 11–15 bars) along the flank, fewer (2 vs. 4) simple anal-fin rays, and supraorbital canal pores (7 vs. 9); and from P. elongata in having a longer caudal peduncle (12.9–16.7% SL vs. 11.3) and a shorter prepelvic length (46.8–53.2% SL vs. 53.8). The new species differs from P. chhimtuipuiensis in having a complete (vs. incomplete) lateral line, a filamentous extension (vs. lacking extension) of the second branched ray of the pectoral fin, a shorter head (lateral head length 19.4–22.8% SL vs. 23.0–25.9, dorsal head length 17.6–19.3% SL vs. 21.5–22.7), snout (32.9–40.6% HL vs. 42.0–45.0), a slender caudal peduncle (6.8–8.7% SL vs. 10.9–12.1), a narrower interorbital distance (21.2– 25.5% HL vs. 29.0–32.0) and absence (vs. presence) of scales between bases of pectoral-fin and on the belly. The new species and Physoschistura raoi are the only two members of the genus with a long pectoral fin extending up to the origin of the pelvic fin. In the new species, the pectoral fin is extended to the pelvic-fin origin or often beyond by means of a distal filamentous extension of the second branched ray (Figs. 9a & b). In case of P. raoi, the pectoral fin is large and long but lacking any filamentous extension of the fin rays (Fig. 9c). Further, the new species differs from P. raoi by its complete lateral line (vs. incomplete). The new species can be easily distinguished from P. rivulicola, P. chulabhornae, P. pseudobrunneana, and P. brunneana in having a complete (vs. incomplete) lateral line and the second branched ray of the pectoral fin filamentously extended (vs. lacking filamentous extension). It further differs from P. chulabhornae, P. pseudobrunneana, and P. brunneana in having (vs. lacking) a pelvic-fin lobe. Physoschistura harkishorei shares with P. tuivaiensis, P. chindwinensis, P. prashadi, P. tigrina, P. shanensis, P. shuangjiangensis and P. absumbra a complete lateral line; but is distinct from them by having (vs. lacking) a filamentous extension of the second branched ray of the pectoral fin. Further, P. harkishorei differs from P. tuivaiensis and P. chindwinensis in having a shorter snout (32.9–40.6% HL vs. 43.4–51.0) and head (lateral head length 19.4–22.8% SL vs. 23.1–27.3); from P. prashadi by its fewer (2–3 vs. 4) simple dorsal-fin rays, shorter snout (32.9–40.6% HL vs. 43.8–57.0), and narrower interorbital distance (21.2–25.5% HL vs. 28.2–40.1); from P. tigrina by its shorter snout (32.9–40.6% HL vs. 46.9–50.6), more slender body (13.3–15.9% SL vs. 17.0–19.0), caudal peduncle depth (6.8–8.7% SL vs. 9.8–11.0), and narrower interorbital distance (21.2–25.5% HL vs. 27.3– 29.2); from P. shanensis in having fewer branched pectoral-fin rays (9–10 vs. 12) and branched caudal-fin rays in the upper lobe (7vs. 8); from P. shuangjiangensis by its slender body (head depth at nape 11.3–13.4% SL vs. 13.9– 15.2, body depth 13.3–15.9% SL vs.17.9–20.5, caudal peduncle depth 6.8–8.7% SL vs. 11.0–13.1) and fewer branched caudal-fin rays in the upper lobe (7 vs. 9), and from P. absumbra in having an incomplete (vs. complete) basicaudal bar, a shorter head (dorsal head length17.6–19.3% SL vs. 23–25, lateral head length19.4–22.8% SL vs. 26–28), and a body colour pattern consisting of vertically elongated lateral spots or blotches (vs. regular bars).Published as part of Das, Debangshu Narayan & Darshan, Achom, 2017, Physoschistura harkishorei, a new species of loach from Arunachal Pradesh, north-eastern India (Teleostei: Nemacheilidae), pp. 403-412 in Zootaxa 4337 (3) on pages 404-409, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4337.3.5, http://zenodo.org/record/102498
Multiple stimuli-responsive double perovskite structured Ca2MgWO6: x % Eu3+ (x = 1–11 mol) red-emitting luminescent systems to combat counterfeiting
No full textThe rapid escalation of counterfeiting activities in recent years has posed significant challenges across diverse fields, such as pharmaceuticals, currency, luxury goods, and electronics. In response, inorganic phosphors have emerged as promising tools to combat counterfeiting due to their inherent durability and stability. The present work focuses on the synthesis of Ca2MgWO6: x % Eu3+ (x = 1-11 mol) luminescent systems via a gel-combustion route. The structural analysis of the synthesized luminescent systems confirmed a monoclinic crystal phase with a P21/n space group. The morphological study of the luminescent system revealed a network-like structure comprising interconnected particles. Photoluminescence emission spectra show a prominent red emission peak at 616 nm, corresponding to the 5D0 -> 7F2 4f-4f electronic transition of Eu3+ ions in the host matrix. The emitted red light demonstrates a color purity and quantum efficiency of 93.1 % and 77.41 %, respectively. The anticounterfeiting security patterns were developed using the Ca2MgWO6: x % Eu3+ (x = 9 mol) luminescent system, which showcases virtually invisible under normal light. However, developed patterns exhibit vivid red luminescence when exposed to multiple stimuli i.e., ultraviolet light at 365 and 395 nm wavelength, which envisages the versatility of the systems for enhancing product authentication and protecting against fraudulent activities across multiple industries. The aforementioned results demonstrated the efficacy of Ca2MgWO6: Eu3+ luminescent systems for integration into advanced security measures
Crop Updates 2004 - Cereals
No full textThis session covers twenty eight papers from different authors:
PLENARY
1. Declining profitability in continuous cropping systems. Is more wheat the answer on Duplex soil? Dr Wal Anderson, Department of Agriculture
2. Disease implications of extending the wheat phase in low-medium rainfall areas, Dr Vivian Vanstone and Dr Robert Loughman, Department of Agriculture
3. Prolonged wheat phase on duplex soils – where do weeds set the boundary? Vanessa Stewart, Department of Agriculture
WHEAT AGRONOMY
4. Management of small grain screenings in wheat, Dr Wal Anderson and Dr Darshan Sharma, Department of Agriculture
5. Agronomic responses of new wheat varieties, Christine Zaicou-Kunesch, Dr Darshan Sharma, Brenda Shackley, Dr Mohammad Amjad, Dr Wal Anderson and Steve Penny,Department of Agriculture
6. Managing wheat yield reduction from wide rows, Dr Mohammad Amjad and Dr Wal Anderson, Department of Agriculture
7. Row spacing and stubble effect on wheat yield and ryegrass seed set, Glen Riethmuller, Department of Agriculture
8. Grain protein management – lessons learnt on the south coast, Jeremy Lemon, Department of Agriculture
9. Unravelling the mysteries of optimum seed rates, Dr Wal Anderson, Dr Darshan Sharma, Brenda Shackley and Mario D’Antuono, Department of Agriculture
10. Agronomic features for growing better wheat – south east agricultural region 2003, Dr Mohammad Amjad, Veronika Reck and Ben Curtis, Department of Agriculture
11. Agronomic responses of new wheat varieties – great southern agricultural region 2003, Brenda Shackley and Judith Devenish, Department of Agriculture
12. Variety specific responses of new wheat varieties – central agricultural region 2003, Dr Darshan Sharma and Dr Wal Anderson, Department of Agriculture
13. Agronomic responses of new wheat varieties – northern agricultural region 2003, Christine Zaicou-Kunesch, Melaine Kupsch and Anne Smith, Department of Agriculture
BARLEY AND OAT AGRONOMY
14. Gairdner for high rainfall – where does Baudin fit in? Blakely Paynter, Roslyn Jettnerand Leanne Schulz, Department of Agriculture
15. Oaten hay – varieties and agronomy, Blakely Paynter, Jocelyn Ball and Tom Sweeny, Department of Agriculture
NUTRITION
16. In-furrow fungicide applications in liquid fertiliser, Dr Stephen Loss, CSBP Ltd
17. Elemental sulphur as a fertiliser source in Western Australia, Ashleigh Brooks1A, Justin Fuery2, Geoff Anderson3 and Prof Zed Rengel1,1UWA, 2Summit FertilizerFertilisers and 3Department of Agriculture
18. Genetic variation in potassium efficiency of barley, Paul Damon and Prof. Zed Rengel, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, UWA
19. Managing protein through strategic N applications, Eddy Pol and Dr Stephen Loss, CSBP Ltd
20. Nitrogen management for wheat in high rainfall cropping areas, Narelle Hill1, Ray Tugwell1, Dr Wal Anderson1, Ron McTaggart1and Nathan Moyes2, 1Department of Agriculture and 2Landmark
21. Flag smut resistance in current WA wheat varieties, John Majewski and Dr Manisha Shankar, Department of Agriculture
22. Rust resistance update for wheat varieties in WA, Dr Manisha Shankar, John Majewski and Jamie Piotrowski, Department of Agriculture
PESTS AND DISEASES
23. Stripe rust in WA – where was it and what can we learn from 2003? Dr Robert Loughman and Ciara Beard, Department of Agriculture
24. Foliar disease management – a key factor in the adoption of Baudin and Hamlin barley, Dr Kithsiri Jayasena, Dr Rob Loughman, Kazue Tanaka and Grey Poulish, Department of Agriculture
25. Validating aphid and virus risk forecasts for cereals, Dr Debbie Thackray, Rohan Prince and Dr Roger Jones, Department of Agriculture and Centre for Legumes in Mediterranean Agriculture
HARVESTING
26. Swathing Gairdner barley at 30% moisture, Peter Nelson¹ and Nigel Metz², ¹Cooperative Bulk Handling and ² Fitzgerald Biosphere Group
MODELLING
27. Development of a web based grower decision aid application for cereal growers, Dr Leisa Armstrong1, Yee Leong (Alex) Yung1and Dr Moin Salam2
1School of Computer and Information Science, Edith Cowan University; and
2Department of Agriculture
28. Wheat varieties updated in ‘Flowering Calculator’ – a model predicting flowering time, Brenda Shackley, Dr David Tennant, Dr Darshan Sharma and Christine Zaicou‑Kunesch, Department of Agricultur
Crop Updates 2000 - Cereals part 2
No full textThis session covers twenty papers from different authors:
DISEASE
1. Forecasting aphid and virus risk in cereals, Debbie Thackray, Jenny Hawkes and Roger Jones, Agriculture Western Australia and Centre for Legumes in Mediterranean Agriculture
2. Cereal Diagnostics, Dominie Wright, Agriculture Western Australia
3. The economic returns from spraying for leaf rust in the central wheatbelt in 1999, Peter Carlton, Trials Coordinator, Elders Limited
4. Impact and Management of Yellow Spot and Leaf Rust in the Northern Agricultural Region, Jat Bhathal and Robert Loughman, Agriculture Western Australia
5. Leaf disease management in wheat and barley in the southern agricultural region, K. Jayasena, R. Loughman and J. Majewski, Agriculture Western Australia
6. Root nematode update, R. Loughman1, S. Kelly1, G. Holloway2, N. Venn1 and D. Diepeveen1 1 Agriculture Western Australia, 2Agriculture Victoria
WHEAT AGRONOMY
7. Small Grain Screenings in wheat - the agronomic issues, Brenda Shackley, Agriculture Western Australia,
8. Response of New Wheat Varieties to Seed Rate and applied Nitrogen in the North, Darshan Sharma and Wal Anderson, Agriculture Western Australia
9. Seen vigour in wheat, Darshan Sharma and Wal Anderson, Agriculture Western Australia
10. Influence of the Time of Sowing on New Wheat Varieties in the North, Darshan Sharma and Wal Anderson, Agriculture Western Australia
11, Wheat performance in a high disease season on the South Coast. 1. Disease and grain quality on the Esperance sandplain, Mohammad Amjad, Vanessa Dooley and Wal Anderson, Agriculture Western Australia
12. Wheat performance in a high disease season on the South Coast. 2. Leaf area, disease and yield at Gibson and Salmon Gums, Mohammad Amjad, Vanessa Dooley and Wal Anderson, Agriculture Western Australia
13. Agronomic Evaluation of Wheat in the Central Wheatbelt of Western Australia, Peter Burgess and Ashley Bacon, Agritech Crop Research
14. Mechanisms influencing grain susceptibility to black point in wheat, Frances Hoyle, University of Western Australia and Agriculture Western Australia
15. Improving paddock productivity using renovation cropping techniques on heavier soils, Frances Hoyle, Agriculture Western Australia
16. Improving paddock productivity using renovation cropping techniques on sandplain soils, Frances Hoyle and Keith Devenish, Agriculture Western Australia
17. Increasing profit - Is it possible using high input package approach for cereal production? M. Appelbee, IAMA Agri Services
18. Improving wheat yield, soil physical and chemical fertility by a package of deep ripping, gypsum and complete nutrients, M.A. Hamza and W.K. Anderson, Agriculture Western Australia
19. Organic Wheat - Production System Guidelines, Steven McCoy, Centre for New Industries Development
20. Durum wheat obtains a premium over bread wheat, Steven Penny, Agriculture Western Australi
Crop Updates 2000 - Cereals part 2
No full textThis session covers twenty papers from different authors:
DISEASE
1. Forecasting aphid and virus risk in cereals, Debbie Thackray, Jenny Hawkes and Roger Jones, Agriculture Western Australia and Centre for Legumes in Mediterranean Agriculture
2. Cereal Diagnostics, Dominie Wright, Agriculture Western Australia
3. The economic returns from spraying for leaf rust in the central wheatbelt in 1999, Peter Carlton, Trials Coordinator, Elders Limited
4. Impact and Management of Yellow Spot and Leaf Rust in the Northern Agricultural Region, Jat Bhathal and Robert Loughman, Agriculture Western Australia
5. Leaf disease management in wheat and barley in the southern agricultural region, K. Jayasena, R. Loughman and J. Majewski, Agriculture Western Australia
6. Root nematode update, R. Loughman1, S. Kelly1, G. Holloway2, N. Venn1 and D. Diepeveen1 1 Agriculture Western Australia, 2Agriculture Victoria
WHEAT AGRONOMY
7. Small Grain Screenings in wheat - the agronomic issues, Brenda Shackley, Agriculture Western Australia,
8. Response of New Wheat Varieties to Seed Rate and applied Nitrogen in the North, Darshan Sharma and Wal Anderson, Agriculture Western Australia
9. Seen vigour in wheat, Darshan Sharma and Wal Anderson, Agriculture Western Australia
10. Influence of the Time of Sowing on New Wheat Varieties in the North, Darshan Sharma and Wal Anderson, Agriculture Western Australia
11, Wheat performance in a high disease season on the South Coast. 1. Disease and grain quality on the Esperance sandplain, Mohammad Amjad, Vanessa Dooley and Wal Anderson, Agriculture Western Australia
12. Wheat performance in a high disease season on the South Coast. 2. Leaf area, disease and yield at Gibson and Salmon Gums, Mohammad Amjad, Vanessa Dooley and Wal Anderson, Agriculture Western Australia
13. Agronomic Evaluation of Wheat in the Central Wheatbelt of Western Australia, Peter Burgess and Ashley Bacon, Agritech Crop Research
14. Mechanisms influencing grain susceptibility to black point in wheat, Frances Hoyle, University of Western Australia and Agriculture Western Australia
15. Improving paddock productivity using renovation cropping techniques on heavier soils, Frances Hoyle, Agriculture Western Australia
16. Improving paddock productivity using renovation cropping techniques on sandplain soils, Frances Hoyle and Keith Devenish, Agriculture Western Australia
17. Increasing profit - Is it possible using high input package approach for cereal production? M. Appelbee, IAMA Agri Services
18. Improving wheat yield, soil physical and chemical fertility by a package of deep ripping, gypsum and complete nutrients, M.A. Hamza and W.K. Anderson, Agriculture Western Australia
19. Organic Wheat - Production System Guidelines, Steven McCoy, Centre for New Industries Development
20. Durum wheat obtains a premium over bread wheat, Steven Penny, Agriculture Western Australi
Crop Updates 2004 - Cereals
No full textThis session covers twenty eight papers from different authors:
PLENARY
1. Declining profitability in continuous cropping systems. Is more wheat the answer on Duplex soil? Dr Wal Anderson, Department of Agriculture
2. Disease implications of extending the wheat phase in low-medium rainfall areas, Dr Vivian Vanstone and Dr Robert Loughman, Department of Agriculture
3. Prolonged wheat phase on duplex soils – where do weeds set the boundary? Vanessa Stewart, Department of Agriculture
WHEAT AGRONOMY
4. Management of small grain screenings in wheat, Dr Wal Anderson and Dr Darshan Sharma, Department of Agriculture
5. Agronomic responses of new wheat varieties, Christine Zaicou-Kunesch, Dr Darshan Sharma, Brenda Shackley, Dr Mohammad Amjad, Dr Wal Anderson and Steve Penny,Department of Agriculture
6. Managing wheat yield reduction from wide rows, Dr Mohammad Amjad and Dr Wal Anderson, Department of Agriculture
7. Row spacing and stubble effect on wheat yield and ryegrass seed set, Glen Riethmuller, Department of Agriculture
8. Grain protein management – lessons learnt on the south coast, Jeremy Lemon, Department of Agriculture
9. Unravelling the mysteries of optimum seed rates, Dr Wal Anderson, Dr Darshan Sharma, Brenda Shackley and Mario D’Antuono, Department of Agriculture
10. Agronomic features for growing better wheat – south east agricultural region 2003, Dr Mohammad Amjad, Veronika Reck and Ben Curtis, Department of Agriculture
11. Agronomic responses of new wheat varieties – great southern agricultural region 2003, Brenda Shackley and Judith Devenish, Department of Agriculture
12. Variety specific responses of new wheat varieties – central agricultural region 2003, Dr Darshan Sharma and Dr Wal Anderson, Department of Agriculture
13. Agronomic responses of new wheat varieties – northern agricultural region 2003, Christine Zaicou-Kunesch, Melaine Kupsch and Anne Smith, Department of Agriculture
BARLEY AND OAT AGRONOMY
14. Gairdner for high rainfall – where does Baudin fit in? Blakely Paynter, Roslyn Jettnerand Leanne Schulz, Department of Agriculture
15. Oaten hay – varieties and agronomy, Blakely Paynter, Jocelyn Ball and Tom Sweeny, Department of Agriculture
NUTRITION
16. In-furrow fungicide applications in liquid fertiliser, Dr Stephen Loss, CSBP Ltd
17. Elemental sulphur as a fertiliser source in Western Australia, Ashleigh Brooks1A, Justin Fuery2, Geoff Anderson3 and Prof Zed Rengel1,1UWA, 2Summit FertilizerFertilisers and 3Department of Agriculture
18. Genetic variation in potassium efficiency of barley, Paul Damon and Prof. Zed Rengel, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, UWA
19. Managing protein through strategic N applications, Eddy Pol and Dr Stephen Loss, CSBP Ltd
20. Nitrogen management for wheat in high rainfall cropping areas, Narelle Hill1, Ray Tugwell1, Dr Wal Anderson1, Ron McTaggart1and Nathan Moyes2, 1Department of Agriculture and 2Landmark
21. Flag smut resistance in current WA wheat varieties, John Majewski and Dr Manisha Shankar, Department of Agriculture
22. Rust resistance update for wheat varieties in WA, Dr Manisha Shankar, John Majewski and Jamie Piotrowski, Department of Agriculture
PESTS AND DISEASES
23. Stripe rust in WA – where was it and what can we learn from 2003? Dr Robert Loughman and Ciara Beard, Department of Agriculture
24. Foliar disease management – a key factor in the adoption of Baudin and Hamlin barley, Dr Kithsiri Jayasena, Dr Rob Loughman, Kazue Tanaka and Grey Poulish, Department of Agriculture
25. Validating aphid and virus risk forecasts for cereals, Dr Debbie Thackray, Rohan Prince and Dr Roger Jones, Department of Agriculture and Centre for Legumes in Mediterranean Agriculture
HARVESTING
26. Swathing Gairdner barley at 30% moisture, Peter Nelson¹ and Nigel Metz², ¹Cooperative Bulk Handling and ² Fitzgerald Biosphere Group
MODELLING
27. Development of a web based grower decision aid application for cereal growers, Dr Leisa Armstrong1, Yee Leong (Alex) Yung1and Dr Moin Salam2
1School of Computer and Information Science, Edith Cowan University; and
2Department of Agriculture
28. Wheat varieties updated in ‘Flowering Calculator’ – a model predicting flowering time, Brenda Shackley, Dr David Tennant, Dr Darshan Sharma and Christine Zaicou‑Kunesch, Department of Agricultur
Effectiveness of Constructivist Approach to the Teaching of Animal Classification in Science and Technology of Standard Ninth
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Genome wide association study to map genetic loci underlying important agronomic traits of wild emmer wheat (Triticum dicoccoides)
No full textWild emmer (Triticum dicoccoides) is a progenitor of modern wheat that played the central role in wheat evolution. During the long process of evolution, rapid alteration and sporadic genomic changes occurred in wheat which resulted in gene modifications and some genes were lost in modern wheats. Thus, wild emmer contains a high number of novel genes which are absent in durum or bread wheat. Despite of huge diversity on morphological, grain quality and stress related traits, very few genes have been explored from wild emmer in the past. Particularly, only few shoots morphological trait related alleles have been well characterised. Likewise, root traits of wild emmer are almost unexplored. In this study, diversity of important shoot and root morphological traits across 263 wild emmer accessions were investigated and their genetics was studied. Accessions were collected from different parts of Israel, Turkey, Lebanon, and Syria. Shoot phenotyping was carried out on 19 traits by conducting three individual experiments, including two glasshouse experiments in 2019 and 2020 and one field trial in 2020. Root phenotyping was conducted on 10 traits in two independent glasshouse experiments in 2020 and 2021. All traits showed a wide range of variations, indicating a huge phenotypic diversity in wild emmer germplasm. The key traits identified with breeding potential include flowering time, tiller number, spike length, leaf area, shoot biomass, lateral root count, primary root count, and root biomass. Based on collection region, the germplasm was grouped into eight populations which demonstrated considerable variations for a few traits such as plant height, spike length and flag leaf area, but not for any root trait. Clustering based on shoot and root traits formed two broad groups where the Turkish germplasm grouped with that of Israeli, while the Lebanese and Syrian germplasm formed a separate group. Genotyping of the 263 wild emmer accessions was carried out using 90K SNP (Single Nucleotide Polymorphism) array. After quality checking, a total of 11,393 SNPs were selected for downstream analysis. A high level of diversity was observed, with an overall genetic diversity value of 0.4294 and a polymorphism information content (PIC) value of 0.3808. Structure analysis and phylogenetic analysis based on SNP markers divided the wild emmer germplasm into two sub-populations. GWAS (Genome Wide Association Study) was conducted using TASSEL (Trait Analysis by Association, Evolution and Linkage) software with the Mixed Linear Model (MLM). A total of 857 significant MTAs (Marker Trait Associations) were identified for shoot traits, among which 81 were highly significant. For root traits, 255 significant MTAs were identified, among which 31 were highly significant. Putative candidate genes and annotations were identified for all highly significant MTAs using specialized bioinformatics platform for wild emmer called ‘GrainGene’. The selected MTAs on phenotypes showed significant allelic effects among alternative alleles in most cases. However, the most promising MTAs belong to growth stage related traits, tiller number, shoot biomass, yield related traits, lateral and primary root count, and root biomass. Some of the novel alleles identified in the study include IWB19587 on 2A, IWB5392 on 4A, IWB58299 and IWB9063 on 7A for growth stage related traits; IWB3715 on 1B, IWA24354 and IWA4622 on 5B, IWB4154 on 7B for total tiller number; IWB64507 and IWB73323 on 4A for effective tiller number; IWB57171 on 7A for shoot biomass; IWB41324 and IWB57707 on 5A for yield; IWB44730 on 1B, IWB24094 and IWA1214 on 5A, IWA4622 on 5B, IWB67213 on 6B for lateral root count; IWB69753 and IWB32014 on 6B, IWB3235 on 7B for primary root count; and IWB70454 on 6A, IWA4249 on 7B for root biomass. The new alleles identified from this study have the potential to be incorporated into bread and durum wheat as wild emmer is easily crossable with both, which will ultimately accelerate wheat improvement
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