42,184 research outputs found
Global burden of injury due to low bone mineral density in adults aged 55 years and older, 1990 to 2021: A population-based study
No full textObjectives: This study aimed to assess the global burden of injuries due to low bone mineral density (BMD) among adults aged 55 and above from 1990 to 2021, focusing on mortality and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and analyzing trends across sexes, age groups, and sociodemographic index (SDI) regions.
Methods: Data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021, covering 204 countries and territories, were analyzed. Joinpoint regression quantified temporal changes in mortality and DALYs, calculating average annual percentage change (AAPC). Age-period-cohort modeling elucidated demographic influences, and decomposition analysis identified key contributors to mortality changes.
Results: Globally, in 2021, the crude DALY rate for injuries due to low BMD was 900.32 (95 % UI: 742.64 to 1081.51) per 100,000, and the crude mortality rate was 27.04 (95 % UI: 22.49 to 30.75) per 100,000. The agestandardized mortality rate for injuries due to low BMD showed no significant change from 1990 to 2021 (AAPC 0.26 %, P = 0.071), but there was a significant increase in countries with a high SDI (AAPC 0.51 %, P = 0.001).
The burden of disease in persons aged 80 years and older remained substantial, with a slight increase. Decomposition analysis identified population growth as the main driver of increasing mortality and DALYs.
Conclusion: Despite the reductions in DALY rates, the mortality has remained stable worldwide; however, has risen significantly in high SDI countries. The substantial and slightly increasing burden of disease in people aged 80 years and older underscores the need for targeted strategies for the prevention and management of low BMD to mitigate the future global impact of these injuries.Objectives: This study aimed to assess the global burden of injuries due to low bone mineral density (BMD) among adults aged 55 and above from 1990 to 2021, focusing on mortality and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and analyzing trends across sexes, age groups, and sociodemographic index (SDI) regions. Methods: Data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021, covering 204 countries and territories, were analyzed. Joinpoint regression quantified temporal changes in mortality and DALYs, calculating average annual percentage change (AAPC). Age-period-cohort modeling elucidated demographic influences, and decomposition analysis identified key contributors to mortality changes. Results: Globally, in 2021, the crude DALY rate for injuries due to low BMD was 900.32 (95 % UI: 742.64 to 1081.51) per 100,000, and the crude mortality rate was 27.04 (95 % UI: 22.49 to 30.75) per 100,000. The age-standardized mortality rate for injuries due to low BMD showed no significant change from 1990 to 2021 (AAPC 0.26 %, P = 0.071), but there was a significant increase in countries with a high SDI (AAPC 0.51 %, P = 0.001). The burden of disease in persons aged 80 years and older remained substantial, with a slight increase. Decomposition analysis identified population growth as the main driver of increasing mortality and DALYs. Conclusion: Despite the reductions in DALY rates, the mortality has remained stable worldwide; however, has risen significantly in high SDI countries. The substantial and slightly increasing burden of disease in people aged 80 years and older underscores the need for targeted strategies for the prevention and management of low BMD to mitigate the future global impact of these injuries
Assessment of Self-Archiving in Institutional Repositories: Depositorship and Full-Text Availability
No full textThis research evaluates the success of open access self-archiving in several well-known institutional repositories. Two assessment factors have been applied to examine the current practice of self-archiving: depositorship and the availability of full text. This research discovers that the rate of author self-archiving is low and that the majority of documents have been deposited by a librarian or administrative staff. Similarly, the rate of full-text availability is relatively low, except for Australian repositories. By identifying different practices of self-archiving, repository managers can create new strategies for the operation of their repositories and the development of archiving policies
Pioneering a chick embryo model to explore the intrauterine etiology of developmental dysplasia of the hip in oligohydramnios conditions
No full textObjective: To explore the impact of oligohydramnios on fetal movement and hip development, given its association with developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) but unclear mechanisms.
Methods: Chick embryos were divided into four groups based on the severity of oligohydramnios induced by amniotic fluid aspiration (control, 0.2 mL, 0.4 mL, 0.6 mL). Fetal movement was assessed by detection of movement and quantification of residual amniotic fluid volume. Hip joint development was assessed by gross anatomic analysis, micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) for cartilage assessment, and histologic
observation at multiple time points. In addition, a subset of embryos from the 0.4 mL aspirated group underwent saline reinfusion and subsequent evaluation.
Results: Increasing volumes of aspirated amniotic fluid resulted in worsening of fetal movement restrictions (e.g., 0.4 mL aspirated and control group at E10: frequency difference −7.765 [95% CI: −9.125, −6.404]; amplitude difference −0.343 [95% CI: −0.588, −0.097]). The 0.4 mL aspirated group had significantly smaller hip measurements compared to controls, with reduced acetabular length (−0.418 [95% CI: −0.575, −0.261])
and width (−0.304 [95% CI: −0.491, −0.117]) at day E14.5. Histological analysis revealed a smaller femoral head (1.084 ± 0.264 cm) and shallower acetabulum (0.380 ± 0.106 cm) in the 0.4 mL group. Micro-CT showed cartilage matrix degeneration (13.6% [95% CI: 0.6%, 26.7%], P = 0.043 on E14.5). Saline reinfusion resulted in significant improvements in the femoral head to greater trochanter (0.578 [95% CI: 0.323, 0.833], P = 0.001).
Conclusions: Oligohydramnios can cause DDH by restricting fetal movement and disrupting hip morphogenesis in a time-dependent manner. Timely reversal of oligohydramnios during the fetal period may prevent DDH.
© 2024 Osteoarthritis Research Society International. Published by Elsevier Ltd.Objective: To explore the impact of oligohydramnios on fetal movement and hip development, given its association with developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) but unclear mechanisms. Methods: Chick embryos were divided into four groups based on the severity of oligohydramnios induced by amniotic fluid aspiration (control, 0.2 mL, 0.4 mL, 0.6 mL). Fetal movement was assessed by detection of movement and quantification of residual amniotic fluid volume. Hip joint development was assessed by gross anatomic analysis, micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) for cartilage assessment, and histologic observation at multiple time points. In addition, a subset of embryos from the 0.4 mL aspirated group underwent saline reinfusion and subsequent evaluation. Results: Increasing volumes of aspirated amniotic fluid resulted in worsening of fetal movement restrictions (e.g., 0.4 mL aspirated and control group at E10: frequency difference −7.765 [95% CI: −9.125, −6.404]; amplitude difference −0.343 [95% CI: −0.588, −0.097]). The 0.4 mL aspirated group had significantly smaller hip measurements compared to controls, with reduced acetabular length (−0.418 [95% CI: −0.575, −0.261]) and width (−0.304 [95% CI: −0.491, −0.117]) at day E14.5. Histological analysis revealed a smaller femoral head (1.084 ± 0.264 cm) and shallower acetabulum (0.380 ± 0.106 cm) in the 0.4 mL group. Micro-CT showed cartilage matrix degeneration (13.6% [95% CI: 0.6%, 26.7%], P = 0.043 on E14.5). Saline reinfusion resulted in significant improvements in the femoral head to greater trochanter (0.578 [95% CI: 0.323, 0.833], P = 0.001). Conclusions: Oligohydramnios can cause DDH by restricting fetal movement and disrupting hip morphogenesis in a time-dependent manner. Timely reversal of oligohydramnios during the fetal period may prevent DDH
Information Literacy and Librarian-Faculty Collaboration: A Model for Success:
No full textIn the age of information explosion and technological advancement, issues of information storage, organization, access, and evaluation have become necessarily important in our societies. Addressing issues of information literacy and designing how they can be best integrated in students' learning process are of critical importance. Library professionals in the United States, particularly in the academia, have realized the importance of information literacy and have attempted in various ways to address these issues. The ultimate goal is to make information literacy an integral part of the academic curriculum, thus helping students to succeed not only during their years in college but also for their lifelong career choices. This article will look at ways of how information literacy can best be incorporated into students' academic experience, and how this process can make students' learning meaningful and successful. Specifically, the author will examine the model of librarian-faculty collaboration in integrating information literacy into the curriculum, as demonstrated in the Ohio Five Colleges' Information Literacy Program.Publisher version of this article is available at: http://www.white-clouds.com/iclc/cliej/cl24.ht
Causal Link between Gut Microbiota, Neurophysiological States, and Bone Diseases: A Comprehensive Mendelian Randomization Study
No full textIncreasing evidence highlights a robust correlation between the gut microbiota and bone diseases; however, the existence of a causal relationship between them remains unclear. In this study, we thoroughly examined the correlation between gut microbiota and skeletal diseases using genome-wide association studies. Linkage disequilibrium score regression and Mendelian randomization were used to probe genetic causality. Furthermore, the potential mediating role of neuropsychological states (i.e., cognition, depression, and insomnia) between the gut microbiota and bone diseases was evaluated using mediation analysis, with genetic colocalization analysis revealing potential targets. These findings suggest a direct causal relationship between Ruminococcaceae and knee osteoarthritis (OA), which appears to be mediated by cognitive performance and insomnia. Similarly, a causal association was observed between Burkholderiales and lumbar pelvic fractures, mediated by cognitive performance. Colocalization analysis identified a shared causal variant (rs2352974) at the TRAF-interacting protein locus for cognitive ability and knee OA. This study provides compelling evidence that alterations in the gut microbiota can enhance cognitive ability, ameliorate insomnia, and potentially reduce the risk of site-specific fractures and OA. Therefore, strategies targeting gut microbiota optimization could serve as novel and effective preventive measures against fractures and OA
Revolutionizing pediatric orthopedics: GPT-4, a groundbreaking innovation or just a fleeting trend?
No full textFactors to Assess Self-Archiving in Institutional Repositories
No full textThis paper proposes a group of factors that may be used to assess the success of open access self-archiving. It concentrates on self-archiving in institutional repositories. The authors emphasize the importance of examining content materials, particularly the availability of full text versus abstracts and the deposits archived by authors versus by others.Peer reviewe
Applying the NISO Metasearch Initiative Scheme to Enhance E-Resources Management at Rutgers University Library
No full textThis paper discusses problems in the management of library e-resources and attempts to identify potential solutions to the problems. By describing an e-resources enhancement project taken by Rutgers University Libraries, this paper points to the importance of providing contextually-rich metadata and reorganizing the accessibility of e-resources on a library’s website. It introduces how this Rutgers project adopted the National Information Standards Organization Metasearch Initiative to support the identification of appropriate e-collections for metaseaching. The outcomes of the project have facilitated a dynamic display of relevant e-resources to library users as an effective way of automatic access to library e-collections.Peer reviewe
A Metadata Manager's Role in Collaborative Projects: The Rutgers University Libraries Experience
No full textPurpose – This article discusses the roles and responsibilities of a metadata manager in collaborative digital projects.
Methodology – It describes the general requirements for metadata management, and introduces some scenarios in the practices of digital projects by the Rutgers University Libraries to support the generalized definition. A workflow of metadata management is illustrated.
Practical implications – With an explicit definition of the roles and responsibilities of the metadata manager, many other digital libraries that need to develop a new or optimize the existing workflow may find the Rutgers experience useful as reference.
Originality – Very few articles have explored this topic although the functions of metadata in the development of digital projects have been talked extensively.Peer reviewe
Macropsis zizhongi Li, Dai et Li
No full textMacropsis zizhongi Li, Dai et Li, nom. nov. Macropsis gracilis Li et Liang, 2005: 578 –579, nom. preocc. (nec Macropsis gracilis Dubovskiy, 1966: 97) Distribution. China (Heilongjiang prov.). Etymology. The species is named in honour of Prof. Li Zizhong, the first author of the original species name.Published as part of Li, Hu, Dai, Ren-Huai, Li, Zi-Zhong & Yu, Dmitri, 2012, Taxonomic study of Chinese species of the genus Macropsis (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Macropsinae): new species, new records, synonymy and replacement name, pp. 41-62 in Zootaxa 3420 on page 61, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.21216
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