43 research outputs found
Vanka Kain in Russia’s Cultural Space: The Semiotics of Behaviour
Get PDFThe article was submitted on 09.02.2021.Исследуются основные репрезентации образа известного «вора и мошенника» 1730-х гг. Ваньки Каина (Ивана Осипова), основанные на документах Сыскного приказа, указах Сената и делах полицейской канцелярии, а также на двух художественных произведениях XVIII столетия, в которых он выступал главным героем. Речь идет об «автобиографии» Ивана Осипова «Жизнь и похождения российского Картуша, именуемого Каина…» (1777), якобы написанной им самим, и книге М. Комарова «История мошенника Ваньки Каина» (1779). Анализ исторических документов дает возможность воссоздать исторический облик Ваньки Каина, художественные же тексты позволяют увидеть основные характеристики его образа в традициях беллетристической литературы XVIII в., а также зарождавшегося разбойничьего романа, в которых впервые романтизировался образ «внезаконника», outlaw. Выделяются образы «русского Картуша», «удалого добра молодца», «несчастненького», «мошенника и вора», олицетворяющего собой через систему воровских прибауток скоморошеское начало. Особое место при характеристике героя занимает образ «сыщика» и собственно «Каина» (образ последнего в меньшей степени визуализируется в художественных текстах, но хорошо отражен в документах XVIII в.). Автор предлагает дополнить существующие характеристики образом авантюриста эпохи дворцовых переворотов. Его семиотика поведения оказывается неразрывно связана с исторической и культурной ситуацией 30–40 х гг. XVIII в., позволившей бывшему крепостному на короткое время стать фактическим «хозяином» Москвы в соответствии с инструкцией Сената, основанной на указе императрицы Елизаветы Петровны.This article examines the main interpretations of the image of Vanka Kain (Ivan Osipov), the famous “thief and swindler” from the 1730s, based on documents of the Investigative Prikaz, decrees of the Senate, and the affairs of the Police Chancellery, as well as two works of art from the eighteenth century in which Vanka Сain acts as the main character. The article considers Ivan Osipov’s “autobiography”, allegedly written by himself and known as The Life and Adventures of the Russian Cartouche Called Kain (1777), and The Story of Vanka Kain the Swindler, a book by M. Komarov (1779). While the analysis of historical documents makes it possible to recreate the historical appearance of Vanka Kain, literary texts help us see the main interpretations of his image in accordance with the traditions of eighteenth-century folk culture and fiction, as well as the traditions of the emerging robbery novel, which created the conditions for the romanticisation of the image of the outlaw. As a result, the author singles out images of the “Russian Cartouche”, “daring good fellow”, “unfortunate”, and “fraud and thief” as personifying elements of the buffooning nature of folk culture through the system of robbery-related jokes. A special place in the characterisation of Vanka is occupied by the image of the “detective” and “Kain” (the image of the latter is visualised to a lesser extent in literary texts, but is well reflected in documents from the eighteenth century). The author of the article suggests supplementing the existing characteristics of the image of Vanka Kain with the image of the adventurer of the era of “palace coups”. The semiotics of his behaviour are inextricably linked with the historical and cultural situation of the 1730s–1740s, which allowed a former serf to temporarily become the actual “master” of Moscow in accordance with the instructions of the Senate, which were based on the decree of Empress Elizabeth
Role of Dentists in Creating a Tobacco free Society
No full text“Giving up smoking is easy I have done it a thousand times” is an adage that puts in perspective the difficulties in tobacco cessation. Tobacco is a global agent of death [1]. The tobacco epidemic is one of the biggest public health threats the world has ever faced, killing around 6 million people a year. More than 5 million of those deaths are the result of direct tobacco use while more than 600 000 are the result of non-smokers being exposed to second-hand smoke. Nearly 80% of the more than 1 billion smokers worldwide live in low- and middle-income countries, where the burden of tobacco-related illness and death is heaviest [2]. Globally the toll of deaths due to tobacco is on a rise exponentially
Role of Dentists in Creating a Tobacco free Society
No full text“Giving up smoking is easy I have done it a thousand times” is an adage that puts in perspective the difficulties in tobacco cessation. Tobacco is a global agent of death [1]. The tobacco epidemic is one of the biggest public health threats the world has ever faced, killing around 6 million people a year. More than 5 million of those deaths are the result of direct tobacco use while more than 600 000 are the result of non-smokers being exposed to second-hand smoke. Nearly 80% of the more than 1 billion smokers worldwide live in low- and middle-income countries, where the burden of tobacco-related illness and death is heaviest [2]. Globally the toll of deaths due to tobacco is on a rise exponentially.</p
Association of pregnant women periodontal status to preterm and low-birth weight babies: A systematic and evidence-based review
No full textThe mouth serves as a mirror to general health and also as a portal for disease to the rest of the body. Since the old wives′ tale of "the loss of a tooth for every pregnancy", oral health during pregnancy has long been a focus of interest. In the past decade, there has been mounting scientific evidence suggesting that periodontal disease may play an important role as a risk factor for adverse pregnancy outcomes. Considering all the above stated factors this systematic review is aimed to focus on the association of periodontal diseases to preterm and low-birth weight (LBW) babies. In view of the large body of literature the review is limited to studies identified by computer searching. Hand searching of journals and gathering of unpublished reports and conference proceedings was outside the scope of the review. The PubMed database was searched using the search terms: periodontitis, preterm, LBW. The titles, authors, and abstracts from all studies identified by the electronic search were printed and reviewed independently on the basis of keywords, title and abstract, to determine whether these met the inclusion criteria. The electronic search identified 68 papers. After review of the study title, keywords and abstracts, 62 papers were identified potentially meeting inclusion criteria. Generally, all the studies reviewed in the paper suggest that periodontal disease may be a potential risk factor for preterm LBW babies
Faculty Perceptions on Objective Structured Clinical Exam in Dental Education
No full textStructured Clinical Exam (OSCE) uses standardized content and procedures to assess students across multiple domains of learning. The study is aimed to assess knowledge, attitudes, practices and observations of dental faculty on OSCE. The survey was distributed into dental faculty members in randomly selected government and private institutions in Saudi Arabia. The questionnaire was pre-tested and consisted of 4 categories including general characteristics of respondents, knowledge on utility of OSCE in curriculum and it’s reliability, attitudes regarding OSCE on a 5 point Likert scale, practices and observations on OSCE on Multiple choice questions (both single answer and multiple answer) and responses on a 5 point Likert scale. The sample size was determined to be 93 and the survey was sent electronically to 10 institutes. 101 complete responses from 7 institutions were considered from the 122 received. Faculty participation in OSCE was high within evaluators 94% (n=94) and administrators 61% (n=61). Majority of respondents (62%) believed that OSCE is most suited for competency based education, to assess cognitive skills (73%) and diagnostic interpretation (79%). Reliability of OSCE can be increased by standardization of evaluators (77%) with highest number believing that 6-8 stations (42%) are the minimum required in an OSCE. Institution guidelines (49%) coupled with workshops (47%) was the preferred method of preparation for OSCE. Majority felt that OSCE is most suitable for high stakes exams (mean=3.37) and it is an indispensable part of dental assessment (mean=3.78). Minimum number of stations for adequate reliability was reported to be lesser that in reported literature, specially so for high stakes assessments. Logistics required for arranging an OSCE and difficulty in standardized patients, may suggest that OSCE should be used in select situations.El examen clínico estructurado (ECOE) utiliza contenido y procedimientos estandarizados para evaluar a los estudiantes en múltiples dominios de aprendizaje. Este estudio tiene como objetivo evaluar los conocimientos, las actitudes, las prácticas y las observaciones de los profesores de odontología sobre la ECOE. La encuesta se distribuyó a los miembros de la facultad de odontología en instituciones gubernamentales y privadas seleccionadas al azar en Arabia Saudita. El cuestionario se utilizó previamente y constaba de 4 categorías que incluían generalidades de los encuestados, conocimiento sobre la utilidad de la ECOE en el plan de estudios y su confiabilidad, actitudes con respecto a la ECOE en una escala Likert de 5 puntos, prácticas y observaciones sobre la ECOE en preguntas de opción múltiple (ambas respuesta y respuesta múltiple) y respuestas en una escala Likert de 5 puntos. Se determinó el tamaño de la muestra en 93 y la encuesta se envió electrónicamente a 10 institutos. Se consideraron 101 respuestas completas de 7 instituciones. La participación del profesorado en ECOE fue alta entre los evaluadores 94% (n=94) y los administradores 61% (n=61). La mayoría de los encuestados (62%) cree que la ECOE es más adecuada para la educación basada en competencias, para evaluar las habilidades cognitivas (73%) y la interpretación del diagnóstico (79%). La confiabilidad de la ECOE puede aumentarse mediante la estandarización de los evaluadores (77%) y el número más alto cree que 6-8 estaciones (42%) son el mínimo requerido en una ECOE. Las directrices de la institución (49%) junto con los talleres (47%) fue el método preferido de preparación para la ECOE. La mayoría consideró que la ECOE es más adecuada para exámenes de alto riesgo (media=3,37) y es una parte indispensable de la evaluación dental (media=3,78).Se informó que el número mínimo de estaciones para una confiabilidad adecuada es menor que en la literatura reportada, especialmente para evaluaciones de alto riesgo. La logística necesaria para organizar un ECOE y la dificultad en los pacientes estandarizados pueden sugerir que el ECOE se debe utilizar en situaciones seleccionadas
Teatral'naja dejatel'nost' N, Ja. Agnivceva v Berline 20-ch godov
No full textThe article focuses on N. Ya. Agnivtsev's theatre work in Berlin in the early 1920s as author of sketches and founder of the cabaret "Vanka-Vstanka"
Maternal Periodontitis and Low Birth Weight Babies
Get PDFIntroduction: Low birth weight in developing countries is primarily because of poor maternal health and nutrition. If maternal health plays such an important role in the child’s development, all the means of preventing problems among the pregnant women is of utmost importance. Aim: This study was conducted to assess the relationship between maternal periodontitis and the weight of the baby after birth. Materials and methods: The subjects in the present longitudinalstudy were chosen from the outpatients of Gynecology Department of the People’s Hospital over a period of 1 month. The periodontal status was assessed based on community periodontal index (CPI) and loss of attachment (LOA). Results: All the participants demonstrated periodontal pockets with more than half the population (56%) presenting shallow pockets (pockets of 4-5 mm). Conclusion: In the present study, periodontal status of the mother was significantly related to delivery of low birth weight babies. Thus it can be concluded that periodontitis may be associated with delivery of low birth weight babies
A study of compressibility effects on laminar, unsteady flow past a two-dimensional bluff body
No full textA study has been conducted of the effects of compressibility on the laminar, unsteady flow past a two-dimensional bluff body. The study was performed by solving the governing equations of fluid motion. The set of integral-differential equations which govern the fluid motion were approximated by a finite volume discretization. A fifth order upwind biased interpolation was developed which satisfies the convective boundedness criteria (CBC) of Gaskell and Lau, 1988. This was seen to be essential in avoiding the calculation of unphysical Riemann states used in the approximation of inviscid flux vectors. An analysis was performed of the numerical method. The method was found to be conservative, consistent, linearly stable, and second order accurate. An initial study has been performed of inlet boundary condition effects on the flow over a two-dimensional bluff body. It was concluded that specification of velocity and static temperature at an inlet boundary can lead to a physically unrealistic problem when used for internal flow simulations. The study of compressibility effects on the flow past a bluff body considered five Mach numbers ranging from low subsonic to supersonic. It has been observed that embedded shock waves form in the vortex formation region even when the inflow is subsonic. The presence of normal shock waves which bound the near wake has also been observed. At supersonic speeds, the wake structure changed significantly. The vortex roll up observed at low Mach number was seen to be replaced by an elongated and gradual evolution of the vorticity field. Finally, at a large enough Mach number (Ma = 1.7 in this study), the flow was observed to be steady. No vortex shedding or unsteady forcing of the plate was observed. The results of this study suggest that for laminar, unsteady flow past a two-dimensional bluff body, compressibility acts to damp flow field disturbances which at low subsonic values lead to quasi-periodic unsteady flow.Made available in DSpace on 2011-05-07T12:46:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2
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