7 research outputs found
Molecular interaction study on Gemini surfactant and nanoparticles in wax inhibition of Malaysian crude oil
No full textWax deposition can cause a slowdown in operation by restricting crude oil flow in the pipeline. Chemical inhibitors interact with the wax molecule in crude oil and prevent wax aggregation. The molecular dynamics (MD) simulation was used to analyze the intermolecular interaction between a wax molecule of n-icosane and a Gemini surfactant 2,5,8,11 tetramethyl 6 dodecyn-5,8 diol ethoxylate (GS) with three distinct nanoparticles: silicon dioxide (SiO2)(NP1), tin oxide (SnO)(NP2), and nickel oxide (Ni2O3)(NP3). The desired structural feature of the radial distribution function (rdf) was analyzed using the COMPASS force field. Weakest intermolecular interaction between n-icosane (highest rdf value of 5.25 Å), indicating high wax solubility, was achieved in the presence of GS/NP3 blend. In addition, GS/NP3 blend gave the strongest van der Waals (vdW) interaction with a hydrogen atom in n-icosane. The presence of the O carbonyl group in both GS and NP3 establishes a higher number of hydrogen bonds. Thus, the GS/NP3 blend acts as the best inhibitor compared to the individual GS and NP3. The simulation analysis on the degree of wax formation reduction using GS/NP3 blend correlated well with cold finger experiment that showed a wax formation reduction of 61.6%
The Role of Nanoparticle-Gemini Surfactant to Improve the Flowability of the Malaysian Crude Oil
No full textThe role of gemini surfactant and SiO2/SnO/Ni2O3 nanoparticles as flow improver of Malaysian crude oil
Get PDFThe addition of surfactants and nanoparticles in minimizing wax deposition related problems such as flow assurance is considered an attractive alternative among other techniques but limited researches have been carried out in investigating the method. High viscosity crude oil needs to be treated with viscosity reducer to facilitate transportation and processing. In this study, the efficiency of the viscosity reducer, a Gemini surfactant 2,5,8,11 Tetramethyl 6 dodecyn-5,8 Diol Ethoxylate, three different nanoparticles: silicon dioxide (SiO2), tin oxide (SnO) and nickel (III) oxide (Ni2O3) and their novel blends at different range of concentration, temperature, shear rate and surfactant/nanoparticle loading ratio are assessed in order to study their influence on the viscosity of Malaysian crude oil using Brookfield DV-III viscometer. The separate use of Gemini surfactant and nanoparticles alone resulted in significant reduction in crude oil viscosity. The combined use of Gemini surfactant and nanoparticles showed better performance as compared to their corresponding individual use. The presence of surfactant improves the adsorption of nanoparticles by functionalizing their surfaces. Adsorption and adhesion of wax molecules onto the surface of nanoparticles and surfactants prevents them from aggregating. This results in increment in viscosity reduction. Overall, the viscosity of crude oil was reduced about 85–92% at 10 ℃ with the aid of Gemini surfactant and nanoparticles. The highest viscosity reduction obtained was 92.8% using the blend of Gemini surfactant and silicon dioxide. The findings of the study are expected to contribute to the crude oil industry in improving flow in production and transportation
Molecular dynamics approach on intermolecular interaction between n-icosane and gemini surfactant assisted nanoparticles
Get PDFWax molecules tend to aggregate, and form wax solid at low temperature and result in a wax deposition. Chemical wax inhibitors are introduced to prevent wax deposition. However, the performance of chemical wax inhibitors is temperature dependent. Computational method using Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulation is used in this research to investigate how temperature affects wax inhibition using 2,5,8,11 Tetramethyl 6 dodecyn-5,8 Diol Ethoxylate Gemini surfactant (GS) and nanoparticles silicon dioxide (NP1), tin oxide (NP2), and nickel oxide (NP3). Wax-wax interaction of H58⋯H61of n-icosane and wax-solute interaction of hydrogen atom from n-icosane wax and carbonyl oxygen atoms from GS and NPs was investigated via radial distribution function analysis (rdf). The findings revealed that GS/NPs blends have a better chance of wax inhibition than corresponding individuals. Besides that, wax-wax interaction was strongest at 288K, indicating the higher chances of wax formation at low temperature. MD simulation is a promising tool for identifying atoms responsible for the wax formation and inhibition and can be used for chemical wax inhibitor screening for different temperature
The role of nanoparticle-gemini surfactant to improve the flowability of the Malaysian crude oil
Get PDFWax deposition on the inner walls of transportation pipelines and production equipment of Malaysian crude oil had been identified as one of the main encounters in the crude oil industry which leads to serious problem in crude oil flow assurance. In this research, the performance of a Gemini surfactant, nanoparticle and their blends are assessed to study their impacts on the viscosity of crude oil usingrheometer.Silicondioxide(SiO2)(200–600ppm)alongwithGeminisurfactant (ethoxylated-2,5,8,11-tetramethyl-6-dodecyn-5,8-dio) (200–1000 ppm) at different temperature (10–30 °C) were studied to discover the effect on viscosity. From the results, the most efficient viscosity reducing concentration of Gemini surfactant, nanofluid and nanoparticle-Gemini surfactant was found at the concentration of 400 ppm, 300 ppm and 200 ppm, respectively. At 30 °C and 80 rpm, the viscosity of the crude oil is reduced from 3.75 to 3.5 cP compared to the blank crude oil. Addition of SiO2 nanoparticle to Gemini surfactant, resulted in reduction of viscosity of the crude oil from 3.75 to 1.5 cP. At temperature 10 °C, Gemini surfactant reduced the viscosity of crude oil from 51.95 to 4.5 cP, while the addition of SiO2 nanoparticle only reduced the viscosity from 51.95 to 3.75 cP. As a conclusion, the addition of nanoparticle-Gemini blend shows the significant result at low temperature where it shows the best reduction of crude oil viscosity
Effect of wax inhibitor and sodium cloisite, Na+ nanoparticle on wax deposition of Malaysian crude oil through cold finger analysis
Get PDFWax deposits are undesirable as they affect crude oil production. Wax inhibitor which changes crude oil properties like pour point, viscosity and wax appearance temperature (WAT) are used by oil industries. The efficiency of wax inhibitor poly (ethylene-co-vinyl acetate) (EVA), poly (maleic anhydride-alt-1-octadecene) (MA) and sodium cloisite Na+ nanoparticle (NP) is assessed in this research to determine their effects on the wax deposition of Malaysian crude oil. Cold finger analysis was used to identify the best inhibitor to prevent the wax formation. The highest paraffin inhibition efficiency (PIE) obtained was at 80.91% when the crude oil was treated with EVA/NP blend of 1000 ppm EVA and NP of 600 ppm. The minimum amount of wax formed was at 25 °C proving that cold finger temperature plays a crucial role in altering the wax deposition. The van der Waals (vdW) molecular interaction between wax molecules and wax inhibitor was studied with molecular dynamics simulation (MD). The radial distribution function (rdf) value shifted from 2.75 Å to 3.25 Å when EVA/NP blend was used as the inhibitor, supporting the experimental data. The EVA/NP blend offers significant effect in reduction of wax deposit amount
Evaluation of the effect of nanoparticle addition into Gemini surfactant on rheology and wax deposition of Malaysian crude oil
Get PDFCrude oil is fossil fuel formed from the decomposition of decaying plants and animals in the ground. In crude oil, there is a high percentage of asphaltene that leads to wax deposition along the transport pipeline. The objective of this research is to study the effect of temperature, shear rate and nanoparticle loadings towards viscosity, interfacial tension, surface tension as well as the weight of wax deposit form. Two types of nanoparticles were used in this study, which were GOHSENX Anionic PVOH L-3266 and NICHIGO G-polymer AZF8035W. Whereas, Gemini YND1233 was used as a surfactant. Nanoparticle with different amount of loading (2 mg, 3 mg, 4 mg and 5 mg) was prepared using cyclohexane as the solvent. The nanofluid was prepared according to the load ratio of Gemini surfactant to nanoparticles of 3:1. With 5 mg of nanoparticle, L-3266 loading in Gemini surfactant showed the best performance where it resulted in the lowest viscosity, interfacial tension, surface tension and wax deposition as compared to the 2 mg of nanoparticle AZF8035W loading in Gemini surfactant. This is due to the carboxylic acid group present in AZF8035W. The optimum temperature and shear rate in reducing the crude oil viscosity was obtained at 35 °C and 80 rpm. In order to investigate the effect of nanoparticle loading and the stirring rate of impeller on the formation of wax deposit, the cold finger test had been conducted. From the cold finger analysis, the lowest weight of wax deposit was obtained at the cold finger temperature of 20 °C and the stirring rate of 500 rpm by adding 5 mg of nanoparticles L-3266 in Gemini surfactant. In conclusion, the best performance of wax inhibitor from this research was obtained by adding 5 mg of nanoparticles GOHSENX Anionic PVOH L-3266 in Gemini surfactant in order to improve the rheology of the crude oil and decrease the formation of wax deposition
