84 research outputs found
Milo Canopener (April 1, 1991)
No full textAn archive of the Milo Canopener.The University of Lethbridge Library received permission from the Archives at Milo Library to digitize and display this content.EDITION Alvin & Shiela Winch APRIL 1991
Milo ABhe Milo Can Opener volunteers would like to thank everyone who dvertised or contributed to the paper. Our goal is to make this aper enjoyable to read. Also to make everyone aware of what our ommunity has to offer. We are a close community and hope throug lis publication to keep it this way for a long time, ur volunteer staff are: June Beckner, Levona Dixon, Sheila Winch, Xarina Vannetta, Sue I vers, Carol Henry, Darlene Phillips and Zola VebbertJoanne Monner
********************************************************
RATES
EFFECTIVE JANUARY 1991
BUSINESS DIRECTORY............................................SS.OO/MONTH
QUARTER PAGE ADS...............................................8.00
ULL PAGE ADS....................................................... 2.00
THANKYOU, NOTICES & NEWS.............................FREE
BABY AND WEDDING ANNOUNCEMENTS............FREE
LETTERS TO THE EDITORS ARE WELCOME PLEASE SIGN THEM, YOU VIAY REMAIN ANONYMOUS WHEN THE LETTERS ARE PRINTED IF YO WISH.
\LL ADS AND NOTICES ARE TO BE IN BY THE 20th OF EACH MONTH.
SUBSCRIPTIONS
FOR MILO MAILING AREA.....................................20.00/YEAR
SINGLE COPY...........................................................2.00
(contact one of the staff for a copy)
FHE MILO CAN OPENER IS MAILED OUT THE LAST WEDNESDAY OF ;ACH MONTH.Goods & Services
(GST)
(jfleatt ^ pimple
DANCE BAND
LarryVannalta Roy Jorawsky
64KZ/03 354-3888
J7~37tf 334-5485
t/lC GTUrtfrxf £<n7n/6ACC
ScotiaboAik
THE BANK OF NOVA SCOTIA
flhrtagir: Dofb.X^nmey
Business Hours-
1:00' Svo p™
FRIDAY: 9:30-12-00 noon. f 'OO-5:50pm
LDINK
MILO LTD.
oiifed mm
Water Hamjw6
Car V/ass pr.s99-3»ji
WLMf of MILO
Residential ? Commercial
L_onrs
MOM* p(M/L-g(M
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PHILLIPS FERTILIZER AND CHEMICALS
CUSTOM BLENDING - SOIL SAMPLING CUSTOM SPREADING - SPREADER RENTALS-UREA-AVADEX ELEPHANT BRAND DRY AND BULK
LOMOND
MILO
792-3757
599-3766
cmtfMsmstyk
fffaJcLCuteuUtA sss-i&si
Tue-Sat: frO SimS-s “osa>
MON.
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Home
Hardware )
593-378+ XJ2+059
L. H. Phillips & Sons Ltd.
Box 39
Milo. Alberta TOL 1L0
Tel. (403) 599-3766
POOL \ Strengthening Agriculture
... and proving it everyday
FOR ALL YOUR GRAIN MARKETING AND AGRO PRODUCT NEEDS
PLEASE CALL ANYTIME
MILO 599-3866
QUEENSTOWN 599-2151
CO-ORDlWATOft:
HELEN SHEILD
____________^q-^02
DENNIS CYR 599-3745 DARRYL ANGLE 599-3949 WAYNE HALM 599-2162
YOUR PATRONAGE IS APPRECIATED
GNRT Automotive
Licensed Mechanic for:
- ftuto and Truck Repairs
- Exhaust Repairs/Pipe Bending
Ui11 Pick up and Deliver
Call Gord Nelson at 399-2132
WE WOULD LIKE TO THANK THESE BUSINESSES FOR THEIR CONTINUED SUPPORT. WITHOUT ALL OUR ADVERTISERS, WE WOULD NOT BE ABLE TO PRINT THIS PAPER FOR THE ENJOYMENT OF ALL OUR READERS.Goods & Services
(GST)
GRELLA ENT.INC
K O t. !J t. ! I i I IJ j M »■-.I.i { |.-|
Box 128
p\i.6w-iw
CouA/rfty Styles
tfukj 'p£<Lt'g,O OpenTuesdcxy -f-y^ru Fr'i <doaj
Phone for Appointment
599~3990
(WoAppHec.
Wed, - 9-12.)
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5?7~ 377/
£*rnardin« N«l*on 403) 534-3764
Nelson Taxidermy
• Birds • Rugs
• Fish • Lifesize Mounts
• Big Game Heads
Bo* 224 Arrowwood, Alberta TOL 0B0
EHB Soil ? Service
hamper: [~Jonty Beaqlt BUS: 533-3828 ®53f374S
sfierritt b«i87 ftrtiliqtrs Arrowwood
snmu-air
M m+ CANADA I
CANAOA LTD.
Manufacturers of high efficiency sprayers and awardwinning swing augers Conveyair grain vacuums dist.
Carseland
934-3591 or 599-3742
Secret of Youth?
' Tfu Slew ’
aesiKetic .Seruiccs, Hamc-Ures,
Ka\\ tens/orf*, etc.
For-
moyLSs/orrfiL S Kin C.akS'
Co. (I"• Xat-hij Me (son
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54 asst
120 Centre Str. N. P.O. Box 3068 High River, Alberta TOL 1 BO
Ph. (403)652-7 Fax (403)652-7
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Qm5tm fad timing fosocwTm Ltd
593-1150
WHEN CUM SEED IS SOWN OWNER CRDP5 ARE CROWN &/ Vbsein -mtmager
Country
Carpet
Care
Specializing in:
Carpets and Upholstery
RVs, Autos. Windows and Exterior Home Cleaning
COUNTYWIDE MOBILE SERVICE
Ross and Shirley Zuehlke
Box 566. Vulcan. Alberta TOL 2BO Phone 485-6359
SafePPtte §tjdbr
SALES & SERVICE
All maxes brands
LORNE UMSCHEID
BOX 84
MILO, ALBERTA TOL 1L0
TELEPHONE
599-3852
United Farmers of Alberta
Co-operative Limited
Bov SB
Milo, Aiherta TOt 1L0
Pal Gauthier
iulk Fuel
Bus :SP? '373!
Dr. John M. Helgers
Dentist
PO. Box 398 114 Third Avenue North Vulcan, Alberta TOL 2B0 Telephone (403) 485-6008
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AGRICLTURE District Office
GET THAT IDEA OFF THE GROUND
Susan Nelson Pier, the force behind Duckworth Farms, will spend the afternoon of Monday, April 8 from 1:00 to 3:00 p.m. in a workshop situation providing information and ideas to "Get That Idea Off the Ground".
Susan will talk about:
1. how to deal with governments
2. where to get money
3. physical operation of a business
4. employees
5. how your family fits into the business
She's a fourth generation Alberta farmer who has diversified her farm .operation into ducks and duck eggs. She has a number of other farmers producing product to keep with the market she developed. She also created a tourist site at her farm, complete with souvenir shop dedicated to ducks. She has many other interests as well.
She speaks to groups all over Canada. After a 20 minute phone conversation, I can assure you the afternoon with her will be informative and entertaining, whether or not you have a business idea.
The fee for the afternoon will be 20. Please pre-register by phoning my office
■a*...- , . __________ __________ .
April Fool’s Day is the first day of April.
In the English-speaking countries men, women and children play silly but harmless jokes on April Fool’s Day. The victim is called an ‘April Fool’.
The observance originated in France after the adoption of a reformed calendar by Charles IX in 1564. Up to that time, the New Year celebration began March 21 and ended April 1. When New Years Day was changed to January 1, some people still celebrated it in April, these people became known as ‘April Fools’. The custom of fooling friends and relatives became popular in France and spread to other countries. The victim in France is called an ‘April Fish’, and in Scotland, an ‘April gowk’.Milo
labrary
Hours: Tuesday 9:00 to 11:30 Thursday 9:30 to 12:30 1:30 to 5:00
New Books:!®
Monthly we receive new adult psp^rbsck bsstssiisrs.
We also have purchased a variety of other neuj books for all ages and on a variety of topics.
Some titles are:
'‘Alberta Trivia Book”
"Biliy Bishop: Canadian Hero”
"Ten Perfect Vacations in Southern Alberta"
"Native Albertans: An Archaeological Search"
"Weiner Bog Art: The Far Side"
Milo Reunion Display
Don't forget to be gathering
together any family photos, artifacts,
etc. that could be put on display during
the Milo P.eunion in August. It would be
nice to see mpst long-term families in
the area represented. Group school
and soort ohotos would be much • ■
appreciated as well. Watch further Can-Opener editions for more details on set-up days etc. For more information, phone Milo Library (599-3850).
%omApuduLai^ym
Milo Library will be hosting an author visit by
Betty Kilgour
Tuesday, flprii 16, 7:30 pm fTiilo School Gymnasium Everyone Welcome
Betty and her- husband farm in the Three Hills area. You may know her from her Crocus Coulee columns in farm publications, or from the several books she has wrstten. o h e spent two years living in Tanzania, and much of her talk will be a slide show presentation of her experiences there. She is an entertaining speaker, and Milo Municipal Library wouid like to extend an invitation to everyone to attend.
Betty will be speaking to the Milo School students as well. Ihank you to Miio Parent-Teacher Group for co-sponsoring Betty's visit.
Art & Marilyn Nelson celebrated their 35th Anniversary on March 10th.
Lyle & Joan Winch celebrated their 25th Anniversary on March 12th.
The family will be eelebrating with them on March 30th while they are out for Easter holidays.
jJopz tr is A
(jooo y/FAfi/VILLAGE OF MILO
The regular meeting of the Village of Milo was held on Wednesday, February 13,
1991 at 7:30 p.m. in the Village Office.
Present were Mayor Phillips, Councillor Middlestead, Municipal Administrator Lynda Cyr and Brent Kjinserdahl.
The minutes of the meeting held on January 9, 1991 were read. Mayor Phillips moved the adoption of these minutes. CARRIED.
Mayor Phillips made a motion that the Village of Milo adopt the ethical guidelines of conduct for elected local government officials. CARRIED.
By-Law #289 for the purpose of closing and selling a portion of a public highway in accordance with Sections 180 and 183 of the Municipal Government Act, Chapter M26, Revised Statutes of Alberta, 1980 received second reading.
Council read the letter and map from the Oldman River Regional Planning Commission in regards to subdividing the land for the Seed Cleaning Plant. A letter is to be sent to them stating that the Village is in agreement with this subdivision. Mayor Phillips made a motion that the offer which was made to the Queenstown Seed Cleaning Plant to purchase land in the Village to build their new plant on be withdrawn. CARRIED. To date there has not been a reply from the Seed Plant committee .
Councillor Middlestead made a motion that the Village approve of the appointment of Grant, Krystalowich & Bennett of Vulcan as auditors for the Milo Municipal Library. CARRIED.
A letter is to be written to the Assessment Branch in regards to an additional bill of 1,455.00 for the assessment cost. The total bill was not to exceed 4,189.95.
A letter is to be sent to Amoco informing them the sewage from the Vulcan Gas Plant will be disposed of atMilo's sewage treatment site at a cost of 20.00 per load. Councillor Gary Middlestead is to be the contact person.
There was a discussion on the flag contest that is being held in conjunction with Milo's anniversary.
The letter from the County of Vulcan in regards to the Community School was read. They are looking for someone from the Village to serve on the steering Committee. This is to be tabled until the next meeting.
Mayor Phillips said there will be a street dance during Milo's Anniversary Celebration in August. A discussion was held in regards to the possibility of closing Main Street for that weekend to public traffic. Lynda Cyr is to check with Municipal Affairs to see if a by-law is required for this.
Brent Kjinserdahl and his wife will be attending the Wastewater Management Convention in Banff in March. The Village will be paying the expenses.
It was noted by Council that there was change in the assessment for the C.P.R. from the Court of Revision on April 23, 1990 changing the total assessment from 84,320 to 80,810. This was a decrease of 3,510.By-Law #290 was presented to Council for reading. The By-Law authorizes the Village to amend By-Law #280 being the water deposit By-Law of the Village. Councillor Middlestead moved first reading. CARRIED.
Mayor Phillips moved second reading. CARRIED.
Councillor Middlestead moved the By-Law be given a third and final reading at this meeting. CARRIED UNANIMOUS.
Mayor Phillips moved third reading of By-Law #290.
Mayor Phillips declared an interest in the following account of 95.14 with L.H. Phillips and Sons Ltd. and refrained from voting and discussion thereon.
The meeting adjourned at 9:00 P.M.
U;
3
4
they are
of 20% of all fatal
accidents.
Don't travel by air, rail or water. 16% of all accidents are the results of these activities.
Don't stay home either. 17% of all accidents occur there. Don't walk on streets. 14% of all accidents happen to pedestrians.
Only .001% of all fatal accidents occur in church, so it is obvious that being in church is the safest place to be!
-from a church bulletin
The couple had a busy day receiving well-wishers for their 50th wedding anniversary.
"I'm proud of you," said the husband.
The wife complained, "What did you say? You know I can't hear you without my hearing aid. "
"I'm proud of you," the man shouted.
That"s all right," she nodded. "I'm tired of you, too."
\ m
A COOKIE AND A KISS
A house should have a cookie jar For when it's half past three And children hurry home from school As hungry as can be
There's nothing quite so splendid In filling children up as spicy, fluffy ginger cakes And sweet milk in a cup.
A house should have a mother Waiting with a hug No matter what a boy brings home a puppy or a bug.
For children only loiter When the bells ring to dismiss If no one's home to greet them
We scheme and toil and save;
Then squander wealth In search of health And all we get's a grave.
We live and boast of what we own We die and only get a stone.
*****************
* * * * *5
¥¥¥¥¥¥¥¥¥¥¥¥¥¥¥¥ SHOLLJTIMES ¥¥¥¥¥¥¥¥¥¥¥¥¥¥¥* THUR. FRI. SAT. SUN. 7:30 P.M.
SAT. NIGHT 9:30 P M. MATINEES - 2:00 P.M.
SAT. & SUA7. APR. 6&7
27&2
APRIL 1991
PROGRAM &
WALES THEATRE
h
12 Sj
421, 1st Street West HIGH RIVER, ALBERTA
Bus: 652-4844
Res: 652-3282
We Make It Our Business To Bring You The Best In Movie Entertainment! ”
¥¥¥¥¥¥¥¥¥¥¥¥>¥¥¥
ADMISSION
‘¥¥¥¥¥¥¥¥¥¥¥¥¥¥¥¥
HDULT - 4.00 CHILD - £\/OH5.00
MATINEES
OOOIT- 3.00 CHUD - 2.00 3£\/OOS - 2.00
THUR. FRI. SAT. SUN. APR. 4-5-6-7
7:30p.m. & SAT. ONLY AT 9:30p.m. SAT. & SUN. MATINEE AT 2:OOp.m.
THUR. FRI. SAT. SUN.
APR. 18-19-20-2 1
AT 7:30p.m. & SAT. ONLY
THUR. FRI. SAT. SUN.
APR. 1 1-12-13-14 AT 7:3Op.in. hz SAT. ONLY
AT 9:3 0p.m.
ACADEMY AWARD NOMINATION
1 .-'v ..... ; (including* . ____
frit il lM«
BEST ACTOR - ROBERT DE NIRO
:v ROBERT DE NIRO and ROBIN WILLIAMS..- A
Lv^AKENINGS-
WEIK !
Based On A True Slorv ^
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. sCi?v.
PARENTAL GUIDANCE
THUR. FRI. SAT. SUN.
APR. 25-26-27-28
AT 7:30p.m. & SAT. ONLY
AT 9:30p.m.
Radically Newl
SAT. & SUN. MATINEE AT 2:00p.m.
Lujfeiss£«' parental guidance A SSSiS I
‘ rinuiHILL! MIXED TANKARD BONSF'IEL 1991
"C" Event Winners: Guv Voovs Lori Vdovs Lauri e Umschei d Lome Umscheid
Sponsor: Bexte Chemicals, MossleiqhMILO LADIES'S BONSPIEL 1991
"A” Event Winners; Lois MeCu11och
Peg g y Vers1uys Joanne Rhodes Barb Or oves
Event Winners (no photo available)
Lin d 5ay Corb i e13 Edna Gordon
"C" Event Winners; Eionna Will Monni e Fet k enher Lynn Burgess- Charlotte NelsonMILO T/WY TOTS
The Tiny Tots are finished for the year with March 26 being our last day. We will start up again in October and run till the end of March. It’s Tuesday mornings from 9:30 - 11:00 in the United Church.
This year we had 14 children come. Anyone is welcome to come or stop by to see what is happening.
Irene or Kody Henry will be sitting on the steering committee for the Community School Carter.
For more information you may contact
Colleen Deitz or Joanne Wilson. **********************************************
MILO NO STARS
The Milo No Stars ended a . succesful season by winning the -High River Mens' Commercial Hockey League’s regular season trophy and playoff trophy.
Milo finished the regular season with a 22-4-2 record. In the first round of the playoffs, Milo played Mossleigh and won 4-3 in overtime. Milo then met the High River Stingers in the final game and won 7-1. Nlilo played about 45 games this year, winning 34, losing 9 and tieing 2 games.
The No Stars would again like to thank the people who have supported the team this year,
GARAGE SALE
on
APRIL 23 at
THE LOMOND SUNSHINE DROP-IN from
10:00a.m. - 8:00p.m. EVERYONE WELCOME
Fishing is the least objectionable way of doing nothing.
Remember when on Saturday, the old square tub came in?
We warmed the water on the stove, in pails of shiny tin.
The Bath
In winter we had ice and snow, in spring we had the slough;
We strained it in an old worn sock.
No polliwogs came through.
Bank up the stove,
then clear the room,
the cleanest one went first.
My dad was always last to bathe, he said his dirt was worst.
The water soft as silky rain, old lye soap did the job.
We all came out just squeaky clean, that square tub served a mob.
No lye soap now, no polliwogs,
Our baths they say are batter.
Our waters hot, on tap no less, new soaps now make it better.
We scratch and itch, have allergies, forever using lotions.
Bath daily, yes and oftener, use lots of oils and potions,
It s better now, it has to be.
There’s only one small rub. low come I scratch and itch so much, since I left that old square tub?
■A A A AA AT*r AAAAAAAA*A AA A A A -ft
If it’s made of the leftover stew That was made of the leftover lamb, Plus a leftover turnip or two Combined with some leftover ham And something you can't quite peg,
But it seems to be leftover sole,
And it's spotted with hard-boiled egg, My boy, that's a casserole!
- G.S. Galbraith
*****
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HOST FAMILY PROGRAM
The Wheat Country Special Needs Society is starting up a new program called the "Host Family". It is a Government funded support service for families that provides temporary relief for parents of handicapped children.
The purpose of the program is to enable families to take a break from the responsibilities of caring for a child with a disability.
This service is in response to the need for a planned break by parents whose children require a high level of parental support due to medical, developmental or behavioral difficulties. Parents will have the opportunity to have the child stay elsewhere for a short period of time in the care of someone in whom they have confidence.
Ihe period of time the child or teenager stays in the "Host Families" home is dependent on their availability and the time commitments are flexible. The individual child that the "Host Family" is matched with is also determined by the family's need for relief and whether time required is consistent with what the "Host Family" is able to offer. Time varies from individual to individual and "Host Family" to "Host Family".
If you are interested and have any questions or want to fill out an application to become a "Host Family", please contact Leanne at the Wheat Country Special Needs Society office, 485-2186.
AMBULANCE ON THE WAY!!
WHRT DO VOU DO WHILE VOU WRIT?
A PIRST RESPONDER COULD BE ASSISTING YOU IN MINUTES
A first responder is a volunteer trained in basic first aid and C.P.R. and are located within all communities in the county. The idea of a first responder network is to reduce the time a victim must wait for medical help.
The Vulcan and District Ambulance Service and the County of Vulcan Fire Chiefs are currently working to establish a first responders network within the county.
If you are curious or interested in joining us, please contact
Robert Phillips (599-3791).Milo Parent Teacher Group
Phe March meeting was held on March 19, with a large number of parents and teachers in attendance.
Mr. Wilson reported that the computors are installed and the students are working with them. He invited every one to come in and see the computors. Mr. Wilson introduced his student teacher, Tim MCLelahan, a student teacher from U of L He also would like to have a tarp or back drop of some sort for his archery class to shoot their arrows into, while in the gym.
Mrs Forestell imported that the report cards will be handed out on April 12. The parent teacher interviews will be on April 17 from 12:30 - 5:30. In September, she will be sending a map home with each student, to inform the parents of the route of their school bus, This will help both the driver and parent in case of a breakdown or bad road conditions.
Our next meeting will be held on April 16 at 3:30 in the School Library. All parents are welcome and urged to attend.
NOTICE
Time is running out to purchase a Milo Lions cash raffle ticket
1ST PRIZE - 500.00
To be drawn at the Milo Charter Night
SATURDAY, APRIL 1 3
Proceeds to S.T.A.R.S.
(Shock Trauma Air Rescue Society)
Tickets can be purchased from any Lions member or at one of the Milo merchants.
50 (Sol&en
OPEN HOUSE for
HARVEY & EDITH FULLER
on their 50th
Wedding Anniversary at the
Heritage Motor Inn in Brooks on
Sunday, May 5,1991 from 2:00 - 5:00 p.m. (no gifts please)
MILO U.C.W.
The March meeting was held on March 8, It was decided to go to Flowers n Fancies in Vulcan for supper on March 27, since we missed going at Christmas.
After the meeting Joy Duncan, gave her slide presentation on Kenya, She bought a few articles from Kenya with her. They were beautiful and unusal. The slides were excellent. There was a fair turnout. Everyone enjoyed it very much. A delicious lunch was served by Helen Robertson and Sheila Winch.
Our April meeting will be held on April 4 at 200. All members are reminded to bring a piece of white cotton, 16 1/2 by 3 3/4, to make prayer strips. Also bring felt pens if you have them.
Everyone is welcome to come and join us in fellowship.
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I'ftoNEER. CwfiP>0LftIS
FflRKS
577-378?
C.C.H.S. W£WS
On Februarv 25, the PE 30 class went t< »/
Canada Olympic Pack. They had a grea time learning as well as trying their skills a the luge and ski jumping.
On Wednesday, March 13, SO students ant several parents and teachers went ti Kimberly,B.C. for three full days of skiing The only mishap was that Chad Pinnocl was unfortunate enough to break his
Organometallic synthesis of nanomaterials for catalytic carbon dioxide conversion
No full textThis thesis investigates a series of organometallic reactions to produce colloidal nanoparticles (Cu and Cu2O) and layered metal hydroxides (Zn or Cu). The general synthesis involves reacting an organometallic precursor, with a ligand (e.g. a carboxylic acid) and either exposure to hydrogen gas, water or air. The synthesis occurs in organic solvents at temperatures from room temperature to 110 °C. These reactions produce nanomaterials which are soluble in various organic solvents.
Chapter 1: The first chapter introduces the research topics of this thesis by outlining the relevant literature. The characteristics and properties of nanomaterials are described, alongside their roles in
various catalyses, with a focus on carbon dioxide utilisation.
Chapter 2: This chapter describes the synthesis and characterisation of colloidal Cu and Cu2O nanoparticles, capped with oxygen-containing anionic, bidentate carboxylate ligands (i.e. nonanoate, 2-[2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethoxy]acetate) or a sulphur-containing anionic, bidentate dithicarboxylate ligand (i.e. dithiononanoate). The effects of ligand substituents on the solubility and stability of the resulting nanoparticles in common organic solvents (toluene, THF, acetone and methanol), as well as their ease of removal from the particle surface by thermal ligand degradation was evaluated. Ligand exchange reactivity of the carboxylate and dithiocarboxylate ligands is probed to evaluate the relationship between colloidal nanoparticle stability and ligand binding-group identity. This research provides understanding of the conditions required for colloidal nanoparticle synthesis and a means to make colloidal inks for solution-phase thin film deposition.
Chapter 3: This chapter will describe efforts to synthesise a hydrotalcite-like catalyst precursor for the conversion of CO2 to methanol. Efforts to isolate copper-containing Layered Metal Hydroxides (LMH) via the controlled hydrolysis of organometallic precursors is discussed. The synthesis routes tested thus far have been unsuccessful leading to separated phases over the copper-based material.
Chapter 4: This chapter describes the use of colloidal Layered Zinc Hydroxides (LZH) as a novel catalytic stystem for the ring opening copolymerisation (ROCOP) of propylene oxide (PO) and CO2 to provide polypropylene carbonate (PPC). The synthesis and characterisation of the catalysts is outlined. Then the catalytic performance, under varying temperatures, pressures and catalyst loading, is
discussed.
Chapter 5: This chapter summarises the results and outlines various future directions for this research.
Chapter 6: The final chapter details the experimental protocols and methods used to produce and characterise the products
Layered Zinc Hydroxides: Direct Organometallic Synthesis of Carboxylate Intercalated Layered Zinc Hydroxides for Fully Exfoliated Functional Nanosheets (Adv. Funct. Mater. 30/2021)
No full textIn article number 2102631, Milo S. P. Shaffer, Charlotte K. Williams, and co-workers present a direct and versatile organometallic route to carboxylate-intercalated layered zinc hydroxide (LZH) 2D nanosheets. The functional LZHs show excellent solubility in polar solvents, including water with solubilities of up to 140 mg mL−1 and monolayer exfoliation yields of 70–80%. This method contrasts with more conventional top-down routes to layered metal hydroxides and offers unique insight into the mechanisms of seeding, growth, and exfoliation of 2D materials
Graded SiC reinforced magnesium wires: towards high throughput composite alloy discovery
No full textHigh-throughput methods can accelerate the development of metal alloys and (nano)composites, both empirically and as input to computational methods. This study introduces a new route to fabricating composite wires with longitudinally varying composition using the byproduct of stationary-shoulder friction stir channelling (SS-FSC); this sample format is attractive for a variety of rapid read-out options in the future. The concept is illustrated by preparing Mg composite wires with a longitudinally graded concentration of SiC-particles. Spark plasma sintering (SPS) was used to encode a step-change in SiC concentration within a feedstock billet. Subsequent SS-FSC transformed this discrete compositional step into a continuous, graded extruded wire. Microstructural analysis revealed significant grain refinement from the SPS billet (44.3 ± 2.3 µm) to the SS-FSC wire (7.4 ± 0.5 µm), with even finer grains in SiC-loaded regions (5.1 ± 0.5 µm), attributed to particle-stimulated nucleation. Mechanical characterisation confirmed a hardness increase, from 65.8 ± 1.2 HV3 to 68.9 ± 2.7 HV3 (high SiC-content). This proof-of-concept study confirms the effectiveness of SS-FSC in producing high-quality wires with tailored microstructural and mechanical gradients. Additional compositions could be readily multiplexed in the original billet, providing a robust high-throughput technique for comprehensive structure–property investigations of advanced alloys and composites
Brominated graphene as a versatile precursor for multifunctional grafting
No full textA non-destructive and versatile chemical reduction method was used to dissolve and subsequently brominate few-layer graphene sheets (FLGs); the direct covalent attachment of bromine to the graphene framework was demonstrated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The brominated few-layer graphenes (FLG-Br) provide a convenient, stable, liquid-phase precursor, suitable for the synthesis of a variety of directly functionalised graphenes. As an example, the FLG-Br species was used to initiate atom transfer radical polymerisation (ATRP), to obtain poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)-grafted graphene (FLG-PMMA), which was six times more dispersible in acetone than controls. In addition, the FLG-Br is active for nucleophilic substitution reactions, as illustrated by the preparation of methoxypolyethylene glycol (mPEG)- and OH-substituted derivatives. The products were characterised by thermogravimetric analysis coupled with mass spectrometry (TGA-MS), XPS and Raman spectroscopy. Grafting ratios (GR) for these polymer-grafted materials varied between 6 and 25%; even at these GRs, all graphene derivatives showed increased solubility in organic solvents
Confocal Microscopy for In Situ Multi‐Modal Characterization and Patterning of Laser‐Reduced Graphene Oxide
No full textGraphene oxide (GO) films can be readily prepared at wafer scale, then reduced to form graphene-based conductive circuits relevant to a range of practical device applications. Among a variety of reduction methods, laser processing has emerged as an important technique for localized reduction and patterning of GO films. In this study, the novel use of confocal microscopy is demonstrated for high-resolution characterization, in situ laser reduction, and versatile patterning of GO films. Multi-modal imaging and real-time tracking are performed with 405 and 488 nm lasers, enabling large-area direct observation of the reduction progress. Using image analysis to cluster flake types, the different stages of reduction can be attributed to thermal transfer and accumulation. Delicate control of the reduction process over multiple length scales is illustrated using millimeter-scale stitched patterns, micropatterning of single flakes, and direct writing conductive 2D wires with sub-micrometer resolution (530 nm). The general applicability of the technique is shown, allowing fabrication of both conductive reduced graphene oxide (rGO) films (sheet resistance: 2.5 kOhm sq−1) and 3D microscale architectures. This simple and mask-free method provides a valuable tool for well-controlled and scalable fabrication of reduced GO structures using compact low-power lasers (< 5 mW), with simultaneous in situ monitoring and quality control
High lignin content carbon fiber precursors wet-spun from low-cost ionic liquid water mixtures
No full textLignin is an abundant biopolymer present in wood biomass and a promising renewable precursor for carbon materials. Lignin-derived carbon fibers (CFs) are an attractive target for sustainable composite applications, due to the global scope for achieving energy efficiencies, if cost-effective manufacturing technologies can be developed. Here, a mixture of a low-cost (<$1/kg) ionic liquid (IL), N,N-dimethylbutylammonium hydrogen sulfate, [DMBA][HSO4], and water is shown to be an effective solvent for the continuous wet-spinning of high lignin content fibers. Homogeneous solutions formed of unmodified lignins (Kraft or ionoSolv) and partially hydrolyzed poly(vinyl alcohol) were prepared in aqueous IL mixtures (60:40 wt/wt % [DMBA][HSO4]:H2O) and spun into continuous fibers with circular cross-sections using 1 M aqueous Na2SO4 or pure water as a coagulant. The lignin precursor fibers with 75–90% lignin content had tensile strengths of 25–50 MPa and moduli of 3–5 GPa. After oxidative stabilization and carbonization at 1000 °C, a carbon yield of up to 40% was achieved, with tensile strengths and moduli of up to 450 MPa and 40 GPa, respectively. With further process optimization, the new lignin spinning approach has the promise to be scalable and provide biobased CFs that are low-cost and environmentally benign
Data-driven intelligent optimisation of discontinuous composites
No full textFibre composites, and especially aligned discontinuous composites (ADCs), offer enormous versatility in composition, microstructure, and performance, but are difficult to optimise, due to their inherent variability and myriad permutations of microstructural design variables. This work combines an accurate yet efficient virtual testing framework (VTF) with a data-driven intelligent Bayesian optimisation routine, to maximise the mechanical performance of ADCs for a number of single- and multi-objective design cases. The use of a surrogate model helps to minimise the number of optimisation iterations, and provides a more accurate insight into the expected performance of materials which feature significant variability. Results from the single-objective optimisation study show that a wide range of structural properties can be achieved using ADCs, with a maximum stiffness of 505 GPa, maximum ultimate strain of 3.94%, or a maximum ultimate strength of 1.92 GPa all possible. A moderate trade-off in performance can be achieved when considering multi-objective optimisation design cases, such as an optimal ultimate strength & ultimate strain combination of 982 MPa and 3.27%, or an optimal combination of 720 MPa yield strength & 1.91% pseudo-ductile strain
Beyond slurry cast: patterning of a monolithic active material sheet to form free-standing, solvent-free, and low-tortuosity battery electrodes
No full textCommercial lithium-ion battery electrodes today are manufactured by slurry casting active material powder onto a metal current collector foil. This manufacturing process has become embedded over recent decades but limits commercial cell performance. This paper presents patterning of a monolithic active material sheet as an alternative to slurry casting. The concept is proven experimentally by laser drilling a pyrolytic graphite sheet to increase the gravimetric active material capacity from 10 mA h g−1 to 450 mA h g−1, when used as a negative lithium-intercalation electrode. Cell-level calculations show that, without changing the chemistry, a pyrolytic graphite sheet electrode with a hexagonal array of 5 μm diameter, 20 μm pitch channels could increase the gravimetric energy density of a LGM50 cell by 22% to 322 W h kg−1. By moving beyond slurry casting, patterned monolithic electrodes could enable batteries with lower cost, reduced energy intensity, and enhanced performance
High-speed imaging of CNT deagglomeration in aqueous solution with surfactant
No full textThis study investigates the mesoscale deagglomeration mechanisms of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) in aqueous solutions with and without added surfactant (Triton X-100), using high-speed imaging and numerical simulations. High-speed observations revealed that within the cavitation zone (CZ, defined as the region of high bubble intensity), the addition of surfactant had no obvious effects on deagglomeration behaviour, with most agglomerates remaining intact and only occasional fragmentation events observed. In contrast, in regions outside the CZ, surfactant addition significantly increased the number and stability of microbubble clusters, leading to more frequent interactions with MWCNT agglomerates. Numerical simulations performed under matched experimental conditions confirmed aspatial variation in bubble dynamics, with enhanced microbubble formation and persistence in surfactant-containing solutions, particularly at distances away from the sonotrode. These findings provide direct mechanistic evidence that surfactant not only stabilises dispersed CNTs but also facilitates microbubble-mediated deagglomeration outside the CZ. The results highlight the role of structured bubble activity in extending the effective dispersion region during ultrasonication, offering insight into the optimisation of CNT processing in surfactant-assisted systems
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