12 research outputs found
sj-docx-1-msj-10.1177_13524585211060326 – Supplemental material for Brighter spotty lesions on spinal MRI help differentiate AQP4 antibody-positive NMOSD from MOGAD
No full textSupplemental material, sj-docx-1-msj-10.1177_13524585211060326 for Brighter spotty lesions on spinal MRI help differentiate AQP4 antibody-positive NMOSD from MOGAD by Jae-Won Hyun, Hye Lim Lee, Jaehong Park, Jiah Kim, Ju-Hong Min, Byoung Joon Kim, Seung Woo Kim, Ha Young Shin, So-Young Huh, Woojun Kim, Ji Won Seo, Ki Hoon Kim, Su-Hyun Kim and Ho Jin Kim in Multiple Sclerosis Journal</p
Nuclear speckle dynamics and function of speckle association in gene expression
No full textNuclear speckles have been studied intensively for a long time. Accumulating evidence has suggested that nuclear speckles have a dynamic structure, and are associated with a significant fraction of active chromosome regions and genes. However, their mobility and the regulation mechanism of their number and size are still poorly understood. Importantly, the functional significance of the speckle-gene association also remains unclear. To understand speckle dynamics and effects of speckle-gene association on gene expression better, I study the mobility of nuclear speckle bodies and its effect on morphological change of speckle size in chapter 2, and transcription enhancement by speckle-gene association in chapter 3.
In chapter 2, I show significantly increased mobility of nuclear speckles after transcriptional inhibition, including long-range directed motion of one speckle towards another speckle, terminated by speckle fusion, over distances up to 4 µm and with velocities between 0.2-1.5 µm/min. Frequently, 3 or even 4 speckles follow very similar paths, with new speckles appearing along the path followed by a preceding speckle. Speckle movements and fusion events contribute to the formation of fewer but larger speckles after transcriptional inhibition. These speckle movements are not actin-dependent, but occur within chromatin-depleted channels enriched with small granules containing the speckle-marker protein SON. Our observations suggest a mechanism for long-range, directed nuclear speckle movements, contributing to the overall regulation of nuclear speckle number and size as well as the nuclear organization.
In chapter 3, I show nuclear speckle association results in several-fold transcriptional amplification of Hsp70 genes. Hsp70 BAC transgenes and endogenous genes turn on 2-4 mins after heat shock irrespective of their distance to nuclear speckles. However, I observe 12-56-fold and 3-7-fold higher transcription levels for speckle-associated Hsp70 transgenes and endogenous genes, respectively, after 1-2 hrs heat shock. Several-fold higher transcription levels for several genes flanking the Hsp70 locus also correlate with speckle-association at 37 ℃. Live-cell imaging reveals this modulation of Hsp70 transcription temporally correlates with speckle association/disassociation. Our results demonstrate stochastic gene expression dependent on positioning relative to a liquid-droplet nuclear compartment enriched in RNA processing and transcription-related factors through a “transcriptional amplification” mechanism, which is distinct from transcriptional bursting.Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'U of I Access', the embargo will last until 2020-12-01The student, Jiah Kim, accepted the attached license on 2018-11-28 at 11:39.The student, Jiah Kim, submitted this Dissertation for approval on 2018-11-28 at 11:47.This Dissertation was approved for publication on 2018-11-30 at 11:31.DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #13133 on 2019-02-07 at 14:18:29Made available in DSpace on 2019-02-07T20:36:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 3
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Previous issue date: 2018-11-30Embargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 109837
Lift date: 2021-02-07T20:36:09Z
Reason: Author requested U of Illinois access only (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD systemEmbargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 109837
Lift date: 2021-02-07T20:39:46Z
Reason: Author requested U of Illinois access only (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD systemEmbargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 109837
Lift date: 2021-02-07T20:44:35Z
Reason: Author requested U of Illinois access only (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD systemU of I Only Restriction Lifted for Item 109837 on 2021-02-08T10:15:18Z
South Korean early childhood educators’ perceptions of North Korean defectors and unification education
No full textThis study investigates South Korean early childhood educators’ perceptions of North Korean defectors, their national identity, reunification, and unification education (UE) to provide some suggestions for an effective integrated education between the children of the two Koreas and related teacher education. Fourteen educators participated in this research in which qualitative semi-structured interviews were employed. Key findings included that most educators regarded North Koreans as the ‘Same Korean race’, with the exception of young educators in their 20s, whose view was that North Koreans are not a member of the Korean people. In addition, the participants felt there were ideological, cultural, language, and economic differences between them and North Korean defectors and their children. Some participants argued that UE for young children is not inherently ineffective due to a lack of understanding of the concept of unification. Alternately, some educators addressed North and South Korean UE through multicultural educational approaches. Recommendations are made for the application of UE via multicultural education approaches at government level, in the class and teacher training
Early childhood education for children from North Korean families: South Korean educators and cultural competence
No full text
Rehabilitation Therapy Utilization in Patients with Parkinson’s Disease in Korea
No full textObjective. Although evidence and guidelines recommend appropriate rehabilitation from the beginning of diagnosis in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD), there is a lack of data addressing the utilization of rehabilitation therapies for these patients in practice. The aim of this study is to investigate the rate of rehabilitation therapy utilization over time in patients with PD using a nationwide cohort in Korea. Methods. Patients were identified using the registration code for PD in the program for rare, intractable disease from the National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort database, which consists of 979,390 Korean residents. Data were divided into four periods: 2004–2006, 2007–2009, 2010–2012, and 2013–2015. We assessed the utilization of rehabilitation therapies and the associated patient characteristics. Results. The numbers of patients with PD were 384 in 2004, 855 in 2007, 1,023 in 2010, and 1,222 in 2013. The numbers of physiatrist visits per person were 0.58, 0.96, 1.97, and 2.91, in the respective periods. Among the patients, 35–40% had claims for physical therapy, 16–19% for occupational therapy, and 4–6% for swallowing therapy. There were no remarkable differences between these rates between the study periods. Sex, age, income, disability, and levodopa-equivalent dose were significantly associated with the utilization of rehabilitation therapy. Conclusion. This study demonstrated that the rate of rehabilitation therapy utilization did not change remarkably in patients with PD from 2004 to 2015 in Korea although the number of physiatrist visits increased dramatically. The present evidence and guidelines may have not been adequately integrated into clinical practice during the period of study. Additional efforts may be warranted to provide adequate rehabilitation therapies in clinical practice for patients with PD
Erratum: Author Correction: Deep learning enables fast, gentle STED microscopy (Communications biology (2023) 6 1 (674))
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Targeting connexin 43 expression via scaffold mediated delivery of antisense oligodeoxynucleotide preserves neurons, enhances axonal extension, reduces astrocyte and microglial activation after spinal cord injury
No full textInjury to the central nervous system (CNS) provokes an inflammatory reaction and secondary damage that result in further tissue damage and destruction of neurons away from the injury site. Upon injury, expression of connexin 43 (Cx43), a gap junction protein, upregulates and is responsible for the spread and amplification of cell death signals through these gap junctions. In this study, we hypothesise that the downregulation of Cx43 by scaffold-mediated controlled delivery of antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (asODN), would minimise secondary injuries and cell death, and thereby support tissue regeneration after nerve injuries. Specifically, using spinal cord injury (SCI) as a proof-of-principle, we utilised a fibre-hydrogel scaffold for sustained delivery of Cx43asODN, while providing synergistic topographical cues to guide axonal ingrowth. Correspondingly, scaffolds loaded with Cx43asODN, in the presence of NT-3, suppressed Cx43 up-regulation after complete transection SCI in rats. These scaffolds facilitated the sustained release of Cx43asODN for up to 25 days. Importantly, asODN treatment preserved neurons around the injury site, promoted axonal extension, decreased glial scarring, and reduced microglial activation after SCI. Our results suggest that implantation of such scaffold-mediated asODN delivery platform could serve as an effective alternative SCI therapeutic approach.Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR)Ministry of Education (MOE)Nanyang Technological UniversityNational Research Foundation (NRF)Skin Research Institute of Singapore (SRIS)Published versionThe author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: The experiments in this work were supported by the Ministry of Education Tier 1 (RG38/19, RG37/20) and the National Research Foundation, Singapore, under its Intra-CREATE Thematic Grant (Award number: NRF2019-THE002-0001). We acknowledge the Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR) under its Industry Alignment Fund – Pre-Positioning Programme (IAF-PP) (Grant number H17/01/a0/0C9 and H1701a0004). We thank the Skin Research Institute of Singapore, Phase 2: SRIS@Novena for providing this work with the floor infrastructure and core equipment. JS Chin was also supported by IGS’s studentship
