94 research outputs found
Tetrakis{2-[N-((3-morpholino)propyl)carbamateloxyethyl} zinc(II) phthalocyanine and its water soluble derivatives: Synthesis, photophysical, photochemical and protein binding properties
No full textIn this study, the novel water soluble derivatives of 2-[N-((3-morpholino)propyl)carbamate]oxyethyl substituted zinc(II) phthalocyanine (1) bearing different type of groups such as sulfobetaine (2), betaine (3), N-Oxide (4) and quaternized methyl (5) on the morpholine core were synthesized for the first time. All newly synthesized zinc(II) phthalocyanine derivatives were characterized by different spectroscopic techniques such as UV-vis, FT-IR, H-1 NMR, mass and elemental analysis as well. They showed excellent solubility in aqueous media due to their zwitterionic and ionic characters which makes them promising candidates for treatment of cancer by photodynamic therapy (PDT). The photophysical and photochemical properties were investigated in DMSO for tetrakis(2-[N-((3-morpholino)propyl)carbamate]oxyethyl} substituted zinc(II) phthalocyanine (1) and in both DMSO and water+Triton X-100 solutions for its water soluble ionic derivatives (2-5). The binding behaviors of ionic zinc(II) phthalocyanines by bovine serum albumin (BSA) protein were investigated for determination of transportation ability of these phthalocyanines in the blood circulation. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
Investigation of the photophysical and photochemical properties of peripherally tetra-substituted water-soluble zwitterionic and cationic zinc(II) phthalocyanines
No full textIn this study, 4-{4-[N-((3-dimethylamino)propyl)amide]phenoxy}phthalonitrile (1) and its zinc(II) phthalocyanine derivative (2) were synthesized for the first time. 4-(N-((3-Dimethylamino)propyl)amide)phenoxy substituted zinc(II) phthalocyanine (2) was converted to its water-soluble sulfobetaine (3), betaine (4) and N-oxide (5) containing zwitterionic and quaternized cationic (6) derivatives. All newly synthesized compounds (1-6) were characterized by the combination of UV-vis, FT-IR, H-1 NMR, mass spectroscopy techniques and elemental analysis. The photophysical (fluorescence quantum yields and lifetimes) and photochemical (singlet oxygen quantum yields) properties were investigated in DMSO for all the synthesized zinc(II) phthalocyanines (2-6) and in both DMSO and aqueous solutions for zwitterionic and cationic phthalocyanines (3-6) for the specification of their capability as photosensitizers in photodynamic therapy (PDT). The binding behavior of water soluble phthalocyanines (3-6) to the bovine serum albumin protein was also examined for the determination of their transportation ability in the blood stream
The water-soluble zwitterionic and cationic tetra-substituted zinc(II) phthalocyanines: Synthesis, photophysical, photochemical and protein binding properties
No full textThe synthesis and characterization of tetra-(2-EN-((3-dimethylamino)propyl)carbamate]oxyethyl} substituted zinc(II) phthalocyanine (ZnPc) and its sulfobetaine (S-ZnPc), betaine (B-ZnPc), N-Oxide (N-ZnPc) and cationic (Q-ZnPc) derivatives were described in this study. All novel phthalocyanines were characterized by UV-Vis, FT-IR, H-1 NMR, mass spectroscopic techniques and elemental analysis as well. The solubility of these phthalocyanines was enhanced in polar solvents and aquatic media by the conversion of amidoamine groups on the substituents to the zwitterionic sulfobetaine, betaine, N-Oxide, and quaternary ammonium counterparts which make them promising candidates for treatment of cancer via photodynamic therapy (PDT) method. Although the photophysical and photochemical properties of newly synthesized tetra-{2-[N-((3-dimethylamino)propyl)carbamateloxyethyl} substituted zinc(II) phthalocyanine (ZnPc) was investigated in DMSO, its zwitterionic and cationic derivatives were examined in both DMSO and aqueous solutions. The binding behavior of zwitterionic and cationic zinc(II) phthalocyanines were investigated by bovine serum albumin (BSA) protein in aqueous solutions for determination of transportation abilities of these phthalocyanines in the blood. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved
Organisering av ekonomiskt bistånd – Perspektiv på en integrerad och en specialiserad kommun
No full textAuthor: Merima Colak Title: Organization of financial assistance - Perspective on an integrated and a specialized municipality [translated title] Supervisor: Håkan Johansson Assessor: Staffan Blomberg The purpose of this study was to examine how specialized and integrated social services manage their social assistance. In addition to this the aim was to examine how social workers and officials working within these two forms of organizations experience discretion. Furthermore, a goal of this paper was also to examine if the social workers felt that any of these two organizational forms had any impact on the workload and how that in such case manifested. The study was conducted through a qualitative research method. Six social workers and officials were interviewed for the study. The results from the study demonstrated that the employees in the integrated organization had more general work tasks and that those in the specialized organization had their tasks divided on different units that were more specialized. Findings also showed that employees in each municipality interpret discretion differently. The social workers from the integrated organization interpreted discretion in terms of being able to affect their client’s case. The social workers from the specialized organization, on the other hand, defined discretion as being able to influence their own daily work tasks. Conclusively, the study showed that workload exists in both municipalities and that it was manageable in each of the municipalities, the workload was however higher in the specialized one but it was no burden on the employees in neither the specialized nor the integrated. Key words: Discretion, organizational structure, integrated and specialized organizations, social assistance, workload. Key words: handlingsutrymme, organisationsstruktur, integrerade och specialiserade organisationer, ekonomiskt bistånd, arbetsbelastning
Comparative analysis of on-load tap changing (OLTC) transformer topologies
No full textOld - EWI-ESE-DC&S DC systems & StorageElectrical Power Processin
Examining experienced chemistry teachers’ perception and usage of virtual labs in chemistry classes: a qualitative study using the technology acceptance model 3
No full textGuided by the Technology Acceptance Model 3 (TAM-3), this study concerning VL focuses to examine chemistry teachers' experiences, perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, use intentions, actual use, and factors that affect them and to create a model of the real use of VL by chemistry teachers. The research was carried out in the holistic single case study design and data were collected from 26 chemistry teachers. It was found that only four chemistry teachers included the different VL applications in their lessons during and after distance education. However, although the chemistry teachers' acceptance of the inclusion of VL in distance chemistry lessons is high, it was determined that some factors prevented teachers from putting VL into real use. The first factor affecting the teachers' perceptions of the usefulness of VL is the thought that the problems encountered during the face-to-face laboratory, such as safety, inability to have every experiment done, and cost, will disappear with the use of VL. The other factor is that they think that the inclusion of VL will increase students' participation because it attracts their attention. It was determined that chemistry teachers' perceptions of ease of use regarding technology in general and VL, in particular, were primarily affected by technical difficulties such as teachers' knowledge and skills related to technology, internet connection, lack of appropriate VL applications, and problems arising from students. On the other hand, it has been concluded that the most important factors affecting the teachers who transform the use of VLs into real behavior are the contribution of VL to chemistry teaching, safety, and time-saving. From a theoretical perspective, this study focuses on the main factors affecting chemistry teachers' decisions to adopt VL for the inclusion of VL in chemistry lessons. On the practical side, this study will provide insight for chemistry teachers and university academics to develop strategies to help chemistry teachers find ways to increase their adoption of the VL in chemistry classes in ways that contribute to student learning
The reliability of the augmented Lehnert-Schroth and Rigo classification in scoliosis management
No full textBackground: In pattern-specific scoliosis exercises and bracing, the corrective treatment plan differs according to different curve patterns. There are a limited number of studies investigating the reliability of the commonly used classifications systems. Objective: To test the reliability of the augmented Lehnert-Schroth (ALS) classification and the Rigo classification. Methods: X-rays and posterior photographs of 45 patients with scoliosis were sent by the first author to three clinicians twice at 1-week intervals. The clinicians classified images according to the ALS and Rigo classifications, and the data were analysed using SPSS V-16. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) and standard error measurement (SEM) were calculated to evaluate the inter-and intra-observer reliability. Results: The inter-observer ICC values were 0.552 (ALS), 0.452 (Rigo) for X-ray images and 0.494 (ALS), 0.518 (Rigo) for the photographs. The average intra-observer ICC value was 0.720 (ALS), 0.581 (Rigo) for the X-ray images and 0.726 (ALS) and 0.467 (Rigo) for the photographs. Conclusions: The results of our study indicate moderate inter-observer reliability for X-ray images using the ALS classification and clinical photographs using the Rigo classification. Intra-observer reliability was moderate to good for X-ray images and clinical photographs using the ALS classification and poor to moderate for X-ray and clinical photographs using the Rigo classification
The inhibition of steel corrosion in acidic solutions by a new Schiff base
No full textThe inhibition effect of 2,2?- (((thiobis (4,1 phenylene)) bis(azanylylidene)) bis(methanylyidene)) bis(4-methoxyphenol) (BIS-IMIN) on the corrosion behavior of 304-stainless steel (SS) in 0.5 M HCl solution was studied by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and potentiodynamic polarization techniques. SEM, FT-IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR methods used for characterization of BIS-IMIN. Potentiodynamic polarization curves indicated that BIS-IMIN act as mixed type inhibitor. The adsorption of the inhibitor was more suited with the Langmuir adsorption isotherm and kinetic parameters Kads, ?Gads, Ea, ?Hads, ?Sads were determined at room temperature. The results showed that BIS-IMIN performed well inhibiting effect for the corrosion of the SS. © 2016, Sociedad Chilena de Quimica. All rights reserved
- …
