1,021 research outputs found
Look-ups as the Windows of the Strategic Soul: Studying Cognition via Information Search in Game Experiments
No full textGlobal Public Goods
No full textRecognition of the interdependencies characterizing the Earth (a global common) and the globalization phenomenon necessitate collective actions at the global level to solve multilateral issues in trade, finance, environment, spread of infectious diseases and security. There is also growing awareness that the existing institutional arrangements to solve multilateral issues exhibit signs of adaptive (dynamic) inefficiency, with institutional changes lagging behind rapidly evolving realities as manifested in growing tensions in reaching cooperative solutions. An International Task Force on Global Public Goods was constituted in 2003 to identify relevant international public goods froma perspective of reducing poverty and to study the provision and financing issues. See International Task Force on Global Public Goods (2006). This Task Force has identified the following priority global public goods (GPGs) : (a) preventing the emergence and spread of infectious disease, (b) tackling climate change, (c) enhancing international financial stability, (d) strengthening the international trading system, (e) achieving peace and security, and (f) generating knowledge. We need a framework for defining, identifying, providing and financing GPGs. Section 2 reviews alternative approaches to defining GPGs. Section 3 classifies GPGs into two categories : pure global public goods and global public goods by global public choice. Section 4 considers delivery systems for GPGs. It assesses the existing institutional frameworks for the supply of pureGPGs through the lens of GPGframework developed by Kaul et al (2003). Then it considers the division of labour among stakeholders at global, national and state levels using the Subsidiarity Principle. Finally, it suggests some changes in the delivery systemfor an efficient provision of GPGs. Section 5 explores the financing options. Section 6 contains concluding remarks.global public goods, globalization, International Task Force, GPG, pure global public goods, global public goods
MFA-MTJ Model: Magnetic-Field-Aware Compact Model of pMTJ for Robust STT-MRAM Design
No full textThe popularity of perpendicular magnetic tunnel junction (pMTJ)-based spin-transfer torque magnetic random access memories (STT-MRAMs) is growing very fast. The performance of such memories is very sensitive to magnetic fields, including both internal and external ones. This article presents a magnetic-field-aware compact model of pMTJ, named the MFA-magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) model, for magnetic/electrical co-simulation of MTJ/CMOS circuits. Magnetic measurement data of MTJ devices, with diameters ranging from 35 to 175 nm, are used to calibrate an in-house magnetic coupling model. This model is subsequently integrated into our developed compact pMTJ model, which is implemented in Verilog-A. The superiority of the proposed MFA-MTJ model for device/circuit co-design of STT-MRAM is demonstrated by simulating a single pMTJ as well as STT-MRAM full circuits. The design space is explored under PVT variations and various configurations of magnetic fields.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Computer EngineeringQuantum & Computer Engineerin
Synthesis and Bioassay of Azolyl Benzothiazine Carboxamides
No full textCyclic sulfonamides (sultams) gained importance due to their potential pharmaceutical activity. Amongst these, 1,2-benzothiazine-1,1-dioxide and their derivatives represent the most familiar class of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) available in the market. In fact, Meloxicam and Piroxicam, the members of oxicam family are used as an analgesic and anti-inflammatory drugs. Azoles are potential chemical entities with a wide range of pharmacological activities such as anticancer, antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral and antiparasitic. In continuation of our efforts to develop potential multifunctional heterocycles, we have synthesized novel azolylbenzothiazine carboxamides and studied their cytotoxic and antioxidant activities. The results of these aspects will be discussed. © 2020 Author(s).The authors Venkatapuram Padmavathi and Panga Siva Sankar are grateful to CSIR (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research), New Delhi for financial assistance under the major research project
Relay cooperation in multiaccess networks
No full textCooperation in communication networks results when terminals use their energy and bandwidth resources to mutually enhance their transmissions. Cooperation can be induced in many ways and each approach entails a different tradeoff of power, bandwidth, complexity, and costs to achieve spatial diversity gains characteristic of antenna arrays. In this dissertation, we study a specific cooperative network - a multiaccess relay channel (MARC) where cooperation is induced via a dedicated relay node in a network where multiple users communicate with one destination.
We extend the relaying strategies of decode-and-forward (DF), compress-and-forward (CF), and amplify-and-forward (AF) to the MARC. Specifically, for DF we show that real-time decoding at the destination using a sliding-window incurs a rate loss relative to an offline backward decoding technique. We develop an offset encoding technique that improves sliding window decoding and achieves the corner points of the backward decoding rate region with significantly smaller delay.
Next we compare two approaches to inducing cooperation in a multiaccess channel. In one approach we allow the users to cooperate while in the other we induce cooperation via a relay when the users cannot or do not cooperate. Using the total transmit and processing power consumed at all nodes as a cost metric, we compare the DF and AF sum-rates and outage probabilities for the two networks. Our results show that cooperation is most desirable in the regime where processing power is significantly smaller than the transmit power. We also show that relay cooperation is on average more energy efficient than user cooperation.
Finally, we develop a capacity result for the MARC. The MARC belongs to a class of multi-terminal networks whose capacity is, in general, not known. For a degraded Gaussian K-user MARC, we use max-min optimization techniques to show that DF achieves the K-user sum-capacity.Ph.D.Includes bibliographical references (p. 162-167)
Application of author bibliographic coupling analysis and author keywords ranking in identifying research fronts of Indian Neurosciences research
No full textProbing research fronts identification unfailingly delivers interesting results in any field due to its decisive nature. Citation analysis is an acclaimed method used in this process among which more successful results backing Author Co-citation Analysis (ACA) and Author Bibliographic Coupling Analysis (ABCA). The current study opted to combine author bibliographic coupling network analysis and author keywords to explore and display a graphical representation of prominent research areas’ evolution over the study period in Indian Neuroscience research domain. Application of hierarchical clustering to author bibliographic coupling networks for all non-overlapping consecutive years included in the study period were performed and analysed in VOSviewer mapping software. The powerful Lin/log modularity normalization was chosen for determining distance based similarity while clustering the network units. Results of the study unfolded ten prominent research subfields with more emphasis on Epilepsy’ and ‘Parkinson’s disease’ research. Depression was identified as one of the upcoming prominent area in recent years. Apart from its cruciality in framing national level mental health policies, the study will also prove ABCA to be an effective method in identifying prominent research areas
The Dynamics and Status of India’s Economic Reforms
No full textThis paper considers the status of economic reform in India, to understand which further reforms might be desirable, and why they have not been successfully introduced or implemented. Rather than provide a list of reforms that “should” be undertaken, the paper attempts to understand the political economy of the process of economic reform in India, and how that process plays out with respect to different sectors of the economy, or different areas of potential economic reform. The discussion includes the roles of institutions, interest groups and ideas in driving reform.India; economic reform; political economy; interest groups; rent-seeking; institutions
Sustainable value chain management: A research anthology
No full textGlobalization has dramatically changed the way a supply chain is managed. Issues related to social responsibility and sustainability are high on the boardroom agenda because they both may bring fatal damage and disruption to a supply chain, as well as threats to the sustainable supply of energy, food and raw material. So far the supply chain literature has been trying to understand the effects and management of various initiatives, which deal with problems related to the use of child labour, abuse, discrimination, poor factory health and safety, pollution, energy and poisoning of food products in global supply chains. However, the penetration of corporate social responsibility into supply chains is described as 'desire lacking reality' by Nada Kakabadse (2006) and 'patchy success' by Sarah Roberts (2007). By enabling the integration of corporate social responsibility and supply chain literature, this book contributes to the business ethics and supply chain management communities in specific, and business and management communities in general. Since the incorporation of business ethics and corporate social responsibility theories into the supply chain research is still in the embryonic state, this book provides an opportunity to lay out the foundation to advance the development of socially responsible supply management theories.
Sustainable Value Chain Management integrates theoretical and empirical chapters that are embedded in corporate social responsibility and supply chain management. The book is divided into two sections. Section one provides definitions and explanations of the main theories of corporate social responsibility and supply chain management. Section one ends with a chapter that integrates the corporate social responsibility and supply chain management literature. Section two focuses on the practice and case studies of initiatives related to the management of social responsibility and sustainability in global supply chains. At the end of section two a chapter pulls the relevant theories and practice together and suggests a framework for further research
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