66 research outputs found
Determinants of Individual Investor Behaviour: An Orthogonal Linear Transformation Approach
No full textExpected utility theory views the individual investment decision as a tradeoff between immediate consumption and deferred consumption. But individuals do not always prefer according to the classical theory of economics. Recent studies on individual investor behavior have shown that they do not act in a rational manner, rather several factors influences their investment decisions in stock market. The present study considers this theory of irrationality of individual investors and investigates into their behaviour relating to investment decisions. We examine whether some psychological and contextual factors affect individual investor behaviour and if yes which factors influences most. Extrapolating from previous literature on economics, finance and psychology, we surveyed individual investors to find what and to what extent affects their investment behaviour. Our conceptual analysis, empirical findings and the perspective framework that we have developed in the present study, provide five major factors that can influence individual investor behaviour in Indian stock market. The findings can be useful in profiling individual investors and designing appropriate investment strategies according to their personal characteristics, thereby enabling them optimum return on their investments.Individual investor, Psychological biases, Investment behaviour, Indian stock market, Behavioural economics.
Nurse scheduling using fuzzy multiple objective programming
No full textNurse scheduling is a complex scheduling problem and involves generating a schedule for each nurse that consists of shift duties and days off within a short-term planning period. The problem involves multiple conflicting objectives such as satisfying demand coverage requirements and maximizing nurses' preferences subject to a variety of constraints imposed by legal regulations, personnel policies and many other hospital-specific requirements. The inherent nature of the nurse scheduling problem (NSP) bears vagueness of information on target values of hospital objectives and on personal preferences. Also, the ambiguity of the constraints is some source of uncertainty that needs to be treated in providing a high quality schedule. Taking these facts into account, this paper presents the application of Fuzzy Set Theory (FST) within the context of NSP and proposes a fuzzy goal programming model. To explore the viability of the proposed model, computational experiments are presented on a real world case problem
Nurse scheduling using fuzzy modeling approach
No full textNurse scheduling is a complex scheduling problem and involves generating a schedule for each nurse that consists of shift duties and days off within a short-term planning period. In real world applications, multiple sources of uncertainties are needed to be treated in providing higher quality schedules. This paper presents a seminal research on the application of fuzzy set theory to the nurse scheduling problem (NSP) to treat uncertainties in the target values of the hospital management and nurses' preferences. More specifically, a new multi-objective integer programming model for the NSP is developed. Then, based on this model three fuzzy goal programming models are developed using different fuzzy solution approaches. A real world application is presented to confirm the viability of the proposed models. Also, to provide the decision maker for a more confident solution set for policy decision making, a sensitivity analysis is performed. Additionally, to show the efficiency of the proposed model, it is applied to several problem instances. The paper contributes to the literature by revealing that fuzzy modeling approaches can effectively be used in the NSP in providing schedules which are more personalized and equitable for nurses, and more satisfying for hospital management. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
Aggregate Short Interest and Market Valuations
No full textWe examine some basic data on the evolution of aggregate short interest, both during the dot-com era, and at other times in history. Total short interest moves in a countercyclical fashion. For example, short interest in NASDAQ stocks actually declines as the NASDAQ index approaches its peak. Moreover, this decline does not seem to reflect a substitution away from outright short-selling and towards put options, as the ratio of put-to-call volume displays the same countercyclical tendency. The evidence suggests that: i) arbitrageurs are reluctant to bet against aggregate mispricings; and ii) short-selling does not play a particularly helpful role in stabilizing the overall stock market.
Aggregate Short Interest and Market Valuations
No full textWe examine some basic data on the evolution of aggregate short interest, both during the dot-com era, and at other times in history. Total short interest moves in a countercyclical fashion. For example, short interest in NASDAQ stocks actually declines as the NASDAQ index approaches its peak. Moreover, this decline does not seem to reflect a substitution away from outright short-selling and towards put options, as the ratio of put-to-call volume displays the same countercyclical tendency. The evidence suggests that: i) arbitrageurs are reluctant to bet against aggregate mispricings; and ii) short-selling does not play a particularly helpful role in stabilizing the overall stock market.
How Informed are the Smart Guys? Evidence from Short-Term Institutional Trading Prior to Major Events
No full textA Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Studies of Defibrotide Prophylaxis for Veno-Occlusive Disease/Sinusoidal Obstruction Syndrome
No full textBACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Defibrotide is approved to treat severe veno-occlusive disease/sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (VOD/SOS) after haematopoietic cell transplantation in patients aged > 1 month in the European Union and for VOD/SOS with renal/pulmonary dysfunction post-haematopoietic cell transplantation in the United States. This meta-analysis estimated the incidence and risk of VOD/SOS after intravenous defibrotide prophylaxis using the published literature. METHODS: PubMed, Embase and Web of Science were searched through 30 November 2021 for defibrotide studies in VOD/SOS “prevention” or “prophylaxis,” excluding phase I studies, case reports, studies with fewer than ten patients and reviews. RESULTS: The search identified 733 records; 24 met inclusion criteria, of which 20 (N = 3005) evaluated intravenous defibrotide for VOD/SOS prophylaxis. Overall VOD/SOS incidence with intravenous defibrotide was 5%, with incidences of 5% in adults and 8% in paediatric patients. In eight studies with data on intravenous defibrotide prophylaxis vs controls (e.g. heparin, no prophylaxis), VOD/SOS incidence in controls was 16%. The risk ratio for developing VOD/SOS with defibrotide prophylaxis vs controls was 0.30 (95% confidence interval 0.12–0.71; p = 0.006). CONCLUSIONS: This analysis suggests a low incidence of VOD/SOS following intravenous defibrotide prophylaxis, regardless of age group, and a lower relative risk for VOD/SOS with defibrotide prophylaxis vs controls in patient populations at high risk of VOD/SOS
- …
