124,067 research outputs found
Possessivity, subject and object
No full textThe basic question is whether POSSESSOR and POSSESSUM are on the same level as the roles of VALENCE, two additional roles as it were. My research on POSSESSION has shown (Seiler 1981:7 ff.) that this is not the case, that there is a difference in principle between POSSESSION and VALENCE. However, there are multiple interactions between the two domains, and these interactions shall constitute the object of the following inquiry. It is hoped that this will contribute to a better understanding both of POSSESSION and of VALENCE
A functional view on prototypes
No full textThe human mind may produce prototypization within virtually any realm of cognition and behavior. A "comparative prototype-typology" might prove to be an interesting field of study – perhaps a new subfield of semiotics. This, however, would presuppose a clear view on the samenesses and differences of prototypization in these various fields. It seems realistic for the time being that the linguist first confine himself to describing prototypization within the realm of language proper. The literature on prototypes has steadily grown in the past ten years or so. I confine myself to mentioning the volume on Noun Classes and Categorization, edited by C. Craig (1986), which contains a wealth of factual information on the subject, along with some theoretical vistas. By and large, however, linguistic prototype research is still basically in a taxonomic stage - which, of course, represents the precondition for moving beyond. The procedure is largely per ostensionem, and by accumulating examples of prototypes. We still lack a comprehensive prototype theory. The following pages are intended, not to provide such, a theory, but to do the first steps in this direction. Section 2 will feature some elements of a functional theory of prototypes. They have been developed by this author within the frame of the UNITYP model of research on language universals and typology. Section 3 will bring a discussion of prototypization with regard to selected phenomena of a wide range of levels of analysis: Phonology, morphosyntax, speech acts, and the lexicon. Prototypization will finally be studied within one of the universal dimensions, that of APPREHENSION - the linguistic representation of the concepts of objects – as proposed by Seiler (1986)
A. Seiler-Baldinger, Systematik der Textilen Techniken
No full textLévi-Strauss Monique. A. Seiler-Baldinger, Systematik der Textilen Techniken. In: L'Homme, 1993, tome 33 n°125. p. 206
R. Seiler, Der strafrechtliche Schutz der Geheimsphâre
No full textR. Seiler, Der strafrechtliche Schutz der Geheimsphâre. In: Revue internationale de droit comparé. Vol. 15 N°2, Avril-juin 1963. pp. 461-462
Non-irradiation-derived reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cancer: therapeutic implications
No full textOwing to their chemical reactivity, radicals have cytocidal properties. Destruction of cells by irradiation-induced radical formation is one of the most frequent interventions in cancer therapy. An alternative to irradiation-induced radical formation is in principle drug-induced formation of radicals, and the formation of toxic metabolites by enzyme catalysed reactions. Although these developments are currently still in their infancy, they nevertheless deserve consideration. There are now numerous examples known of conventional anti-cancer drugs that may at least in part exert cytotoxicity by induction of radical formation. Some drugs, such as arsenic trioxide and 2-methoxy-estradiol, were shown to induce programmed cell death due to radical formation. Enzyme-catalysed radical formation has the advantage that cytotoxic products are produced continuously over an extended period of time in the vicinity of tumour cells. Up to now the enzymatic formation of toxic metabolites has nearly exclusively been investigated using bovine serum amine oxidase (BSAO), and spermine as substrate. The metabolites of this reaction, hydrogen peroxide and aldehydes are cytotoxic. The combination of BSAO and spermine is not only able to prevent tumour cell growth, but prevents also tumour growth, particularly well if the enzyme has been conjugated with a biocompatible gel. Since the tumour cells release substrates of BSAO, the administration of spermine is not required. Combination with cytotoxic drugs, and elevation of temperature improves the cytocidal effect of spermine metabolites. The fact that multidrug resistant cells are more sensitive to spermine metabolites than their wild type counterparts makes this new approach especially attractive, since the development of multidrug resistance is one of the major problems of conventional cancer therapy
R. Seiler, Der strafrechtliche Schutz der Geheimsphâre
No full textR. Seiler, Der strafrechtliche Schutz der Geheimsphâre. In: Revue internationale de droit comparé. Vol. 15 N°2, Avril-juin 1963. pp. 461-462
Einfluss von Körpersprache auf die Erfolgszuversicht und die Leistung beim Elfmeterschiessen - eine experimentelle Feldstudie
No full textEinleitung: Studien zeigen, dass Nonverbales Verhalten (NVV) im Sport – beispielsweise Dominanz und Unterwürfigkeit – von zentraler Bedeutung für Emotionen und die Erfolgserwartung von Beobachtenden (Furley, Moll, & Memmert, 2015; Greenlees, Leyland, Thelwell, & Filby, 2008) ist. Diese Studien wurden jedoch in einem künstlichen Setting durchgeführt und es wurden lediglich subjektive Variablen erhoben. Entsprechend der Forderung von Baumeister, Vohs und Funder (2007) bestand das Ziel der vorliegenden Studie darin, ein echtes Elfmeterschießen durchzuführen und dabei den Einfluss von NVV nicht nur auf die Erfolgszuversicht als subjektive Outcome-Variable, sondern auch auf die Leistung (Präzision und Geschwindigkeit der Schüsse) als objektive Outcome-Variable zur erfassen.
Methode: N = 47 männliche Fußballer mit Fußballerfahrung absolvierten abwechselnd jeweils zehn Schüsse gegen einen dominanten und einen unterwürfigen Torhüter, wobei die Manipulationen für NVV aus Experimentalstudien (z.B. Seiler, Schweizer & Seiler, 2018) übernommen wurden. Die Reaktionen der Torhüter (links vs. rechts) wurden randomisiert und die Torhüter wechselten die Rollen nach jedem Schützen. Beim Anblick der im Tor positionierten Torhüter schätzten die Teilnehmer vor Beginn des Elfmeterschießens ihre individuelle Erfolgszuversicht gegen die beiden Torhüter sowie deren wahrgenommene Stärke ein. Präzision und Geschwindigkeit der Schüsse wurden mit GoPro Hero2-Kameras gemessen.
Ergebnisse: Erste Ergebnisse zeigen, dass beide Torhüter in der dominanten Rolle stärker eingeschätzt werden als in der unterwürfigen. Zudem wird der dominante Torhüter stärker eingeschätzt als der unterwürfige. Dagegen hat das NVV der Torhüter keinen signifikanten Einfluss auf die Erfolgszuversicht der Schützen. Weitere Analysen sind notwendig, um zu prüfen, ob NVV die Leistung der Schützen, also die Geschwindigkeit und Präzision der Schüsse, beeinflusst.
Diskussion: Die Ergebnisse zur Erfolgszuversicht widersprechen bisherigen experimentellen Laborergebnissen, da kein Einfluss von NVV auf die Erfolgszuversicht gefunden werden konnte. Diese Diskrepanz zwischen bisheriger Forschung und den Ergebnissen dieser Studie unterstreicht die Bedeutung von Feldstudien und der Messung objektiv erfassbaren Verhaltens
The acquisition of words and meanings : Theoretical considerations and experimental findings (Summary)
No full textSeiler T.B. The acquisition of words and meanings : Theoretical considerations and experimental findings (Summary) . In: Enfance, tome 33, n°4-5, 1980. Congrès international de psychologie de l'enfant. pp. 140-141
Noun, verb, and participation
No full textThe present article is a crosslinguistic discussion of the distinction between a word class of nouns and a word class of verbs in the UNI TYP framework of the dimension of PARTICIPATION (for a first overall sketch of PARTICIPATION see Seiler 1984). According to this framework the noun/verb-distinction (henceforth N/V-D) must be regarded as a gradable, continuous phenomenon ranging from the stage of a clear-cut distinction with no overlap to almost a non-distinction. Although there is no question that most, if not all, languages do differentiate between nouns and verbs, it is also quite apparent that the languages do so to a different degree and by different means, and that it only makes sense to use the terms "noun" and "verb" in different languages when one actually has a common functional denominator in mind (see below). After a general introduction to the notion of a noun/verb-continuum (chapter 1) the reader will be presented with a survey of languages as diverse as German. English, Russian, Hebrew, Turkish, Salish. and Tongan (see chapter 2) in support of the continuum hypothesis. In chapter 3 the facts are coordinated in an overall pattern of regularities underlying the Increase or decrease of categorical restrictions between the respective word classes. Also, chapter 3 raises the issue to what degree a N/V-D can be considered a matter of certain lexemes or a matter of the morphosyntactic environment of certain lexical units. Lastly, we shall seek for an answer to the question why it is not a necessary requirement for languages to draw a sharp distinction between a word class of nouns and a word class of verbs
- …
