1,498 research outputs found
Jacob Viner’s Reminiscences from the New Deal (February 11, 1953)
Full text linkThis paper presents and reproduces an unpublished oral history interview given by Jacob Viner in 1953. The interview released by Viner for the Columbia Oral History Project gives us a valuable opportunity to throw light on his advisory activity during the New Deal Era. In our introduction we attempt to make a critical appraisal of Viner's reminiscences and to state the contribution they can provide to our general knowledge of the period. In addition, we also attempt to find out some biographical and interpretative elements useful to understand Viner’s own vision and his contribution to important economic policy processes during the New Deal.
Correspondence from Jacob C. Kellem to Daniel R. Porter, 1973
No full textThe sender, Jacob C. Kellem, disagrees with the opinion expressed and provides reasoning based on Condition 2 of the loan agreement between the Ohio Historical Society and Ms. Pauline A. Young. Condition 2 stipulates that Ms. Young retains all literary rights to the papers. The letter asserts that the society failed in its duty to prevent the public, including those ordering single copies, from violating these rights. Jacob C. Kellem seeks prompt advice on compensation and prevention of future violations. The letter also mentions the potential modification of the existing agreement and Ms. Young's intent to stand firm on her rights while considering a reasonable compromise. The sender requests clarity on whether further legal action will be necessary to uphold Ms. Young's rights
Correspondence from Jacob C. Kellem to Daniel R. Porter, 1973
No full textThe letter responds to Mr. Porter's letter from November 14, 1973, regarding a disagreement over the interpretation of Paragraph 4 of a signed Agreement. It disputes the availability of single copy reproductions, emphasizing that they should only be accessible to those studying the collection. The letter also raises concerns about the publication of a microfilm edition and the use of proceeds from its sale, asserting Ms. Young's right to a fair share. Jacob C. Kellem conveys a willingness to escalate the matter if the issue is not resolved satisfactorily
Looking back: BMI as a measure of body fatness: age- and sex-specific prediction formulas. Thirty years later
No full textThis paper was based on measurements conducted at the department of human nutrition at the Agricultural University in Wageningen the Netherlands. The original ideas were from Paul Deurenberg who was an assistant professor specialised in methodologies to assess body composition and energy metabolism. Paul Deurenberg was the supervisor of two PhD students: Jan A Weststrate (1985–1988) and me (1983–1986) together with the help of many other colleagues and students performed large series of anthropometric measurements of people from all ages who were enrolled in different projects on body composition. In all, it took almost more than five years to complete all measurements in 1229 individuals. In all of these people we measured, apart from a detailed set of anthropometric measurements, body density by underwater weighing
Epidemiology of obesity
No full textThe prevalence of obesity is increasing at an alarming rate in many parts of the world. In White populations living in the west and north of Europe, Australia, and the United States, the prevalence of obesity is similarly high in men and women. In countries with relatively low gross national product, such as those in Central and Eastern Europe, Asia, Latin-America, and Africa, the prevalence is 1.5 to 2 times higher among women than among men. Within affluent societies, the rates of obesity seem to be more common among women at older ages (65 years) and in groups with relatively low socioeconomic status. It can be tentatively concluded that obesity is particularly common in women living in relatively poor conditions
Worldwide prevalence of obesity in adults
No full textOver the last two to three decades, overnutrition and obesity have been transformed from relatively minor public health issues that primarily affect the most affluent societies to a major threat to public health that is being increasingly seen throughout the world. The plight of the most affected populations, like those in North America, Australia, and Europe, has been well publicized. However, increases in population obesity elsewhere in the world have been less well recognized.</p
Dietary fat and obesity: an epidemiologic perspective
No full textThe observation that dietary fat has an effect on weight gain and the development of obesity that is larger than would be expected on the basis of fat's energy value is mainly experimental. Several methodologic problems limit the interpretation of epidemiologic studies of the association between dietary fat intake and obesity. Among the issues relevant in this context are underreporting of energy and fat intakes, dieting behavior, inadequate control for variables such as energy expenditure, and limited between-subject variation in fat intake in developed countries. Different types of epidemiologic studies suffer from different types and magnitudes of bias and many conflicting results can be obtained. Ecologic and cross-sectional studies especially suffer from these biases. The more appropriate type of study (ie, prospective studies of fat intake and subsequent weight gain) was carried out in several countries but conflicting results were obtained. Overall, the observed associations seem to depend on the stage of cultural transition of the population studied (eg, modernization compared with postmodernization). Current epidemiologic methods are inadequate for performing valid studies of the relation between percentage of energy from dietary fat and obesity. Specifically designed prospective studies of unbiased estimates of energy balance are necessary. Appropriate control for confounders and emphasis on the possibility that genetic predisposition plays a role will also be necessary. At this stage there is no conclusive evidence from epidemiologic studies that under isoenergetic conditions dietary fat intake promotes the development of obesity more so than other macronutrients
Three-dimensional measurements of heavy and light particle dispersion in shear turbulence
No full textWe present new experimental data concerning the statistics of heavy and light particles dispersed at low concentrations in a homogeneous turbulent shear flow. Information on both the spatial distribution and on the relative velocity of the dispersed phases is obtained by accurate three-dimensional optical measurements, and will allow to comparatively discuss the issues of turbulent clustering and small scale anisotropy by analyzing the scale- and angular dependence of suitable particle observables computed in the two cases
Community capacity building
No full textThis chapter contains sections titled:
Summary and recommendations for research and practice
Introduction
What is community capacity building?
A critic's perspective
Why build community capacity?
The application of community capacity building to childhood obesity prevention
Raising community awareness of health risks
Strategies to foster community identity and cohesion
Education to increase health literacy
Facilitating access to additional resources
Developing structures for community decision making
Social and political support
Incorporating the evidence
Conclusions
Reference
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