1,721,055 research outputs found
Plasma kinetics of dihydroergotoxin in rat by using a radioreceptor assay
No full textA radioreceptor assay (RRA) (with brain dopamine receptors) has been developed to determine the levels of dihydroergotoxin-equivalent (DHT-equivalent) material in rat plasma and its kinetics after oral and i.v. administration (5 mg/kg). After i.v. administration the plasma kinetics follows a two-exponential equation, with an apparent distribution volume of 7-9 1/kg and a long half-life (about 36 hours). The kinetics of DHT after oral administration shows two peaks; this could indicate a biliary recycling of the drug and/or of its metabolites. The low bioavailability (19%) and the biliary recycling of DHT-equivalent material suggest a first pass effect. © 1984 The Italian Pharmacological Society
Psychological effects of COVID-19 in general Italian population in function of age and gender
No full textBackground: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) was first recorded in late 2019 in the city of Wuhan, China. Italy was one of the hardest hit countries and on March 8th 2020 the Italian Government introduced a range of ‘lockdown’ restrictive measures, e.g., isolation and social distancing, intended to slow down the progression of the pandemic. Previous research conducted during this pandemic have demonstrated a wide range of negative psychological effects on both the individuals and the community, but the moderating factors are not yet well known. This study aimed to evaluate if the psychological, emotional and behavioral effects of COVID-19 and related restrictive measures are predicted by age and gender in a sample of Italian citizens. Methods: Following a snowball sampling technique, 300 individuals completed different online questionnaires aimed at measuring anxiety, PTSD and depression symptoms. Results: Results showed that gender predicted anxiety and PTSD symptoms, with women showing higher scores; age predicted PTSD and depressive symptoms with younger participants showing higher scores; gender*age effects predicted anxiety and depression scores. Conclusions: In order to plan preventive intervention in general population during pandemic, great caution must be given to vulnerable groups, such as female and youn
Hepatic glutathione content in rats with carbon tetrachloride poisoning [CONTENUTO EPATICO DEL GLUTATIONE IN RATTI INTOSSICATI DA TETRA-CLORURO DI CARBONIO]
No full textA diurnal variation of the glutathione content in rat liver and stomach
No full textRecent studies have shown that it is possible to influence the synthesis and metabolism of GSH by administration of selective enzyme inhibitors or of certain precursors of this tripeptide.
L-thiazolidin-4-carboxylic acid (TC) has the property of an intracellular cysteine delivery system and can be used to promote GSH synthesis. In animal and human studies it has been shown that TC possess a protective activity on SH groups. The aim of this research is to investigate the effect of TC on GSH content of rat liver and stomach. We observed a clear diurnal variation of GSH levels. This diurnal variation should be taken into consideration in any study of the effect of a treatment upon GSH levels. The changes in the concentrations of GSH in the liver and in the stomach when compared with the initial values can therefore be statistically significant and erroneously interpreted as due to the treatment if the time of day of the sampling is not taken into consideration.
There are differences statistically significant between a.m. and p.m. values of the GSH; however the differences observed at each time between control and treated rats are not significant. The TC administration of 50 mg/kg did not increase the levels of GSH in liver and in stomach, but the levels of GSH were high and therefore amounts of this order of magnitude would be required in order to produce noticeable increases in GSH levels by administration of GSH precursor
Liver glutathione and ligandin in carbon tetrachloride poisoning [GLUTATIONE E LIGANDINA EPATICA NEL DANNO SPERIMENTALE DA TETRACLORURO DI CARBONIO]
No full textPharmacokinetics of flunitrazepam in rats studied by a radioreceptor assay
No full textIn rat the kinetics of flunitrazepam (FNZ) was evaluated by a radiorecepfor assay (RRA) after i.v. administration of 1 mg/kg and after oral administration of 1 and 3 mg/kg.
The i.v. kinetics is biexponential and the g.i. absorption is very rapid (with a plasma peak at 0.25 hour) with a good bioavailability (69%); the apparent distribution volume is high, 4.8 L/kg; the half-life is equal to 3.5 hours; the elimination constant is equal to 0.8 h−1; the urinary excretion of FNZ-equivalent is negligible; the plasma total clearance is equal to 3.9 (L/kg)h−1.
The concentrations of FNZ-equivalents after oral administration of 1 mg/kg show a peak at the 2-nd hour with a very high concentration in the following organs (in decreasing order): brain, kidneys, heart, liver; after 8 hours no FNZ-equivalents are present in these organs except in the brain, which shows detectable concentrations at the 32-nd hour.
The peak concentrations of FNZ-equivalent in brain, kidneys and heart are higher than the corresponding peak concentration in plasma
Problems in determination of glutathione in rat liver supernatant [PROBLEMI DI DOSAGGIO DEL GLUTATIONE NEL SUPERNATANTE DI FEGATO DI RATTO]
No full textLe risorse culturali e paesaggistiche nella progettualità per lo sviluppo territoriale: casi studio recenti in Piemonte e appunti di metodo
No full textIl saggio propone una riflessione metodologica interdisciplinare sulla individuazione del patrimonio culturale e paesaggistico e sulla sua valorizzazione nel quadro di progetti di sviluppo locale, a partire dai primi esiti del bando "Le risorse culturali e paesaggistiche del territorio: una valorizzazione a rete", promosso dalla Compagnia di San Paolo nel 201
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