96 research outputs found
Supporting City Resilience Through Interoperable Platforms and Tools for Monitoring Natural Threats and Evaluating Their Impacts: A Case Study of Camerino
No full textNatural threats are becoming increasingly frequent and difficult to anticipate, urging public authorities and stakeholders to adopt sustainable methodologies and tools capable of continuously supplying historical and real-time data on hazards and their impacts. Such tools enable the prompt activation of recovery actions, enhance the resilience of citizens and the built environment, and contribute to the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This paper presents an interoperable and multipurpose framework developed within the MULTICLIMACT project (GA n. 101123538), designed to enhance urban smartness and sustainability, and to support and improve resilience in municipal decision-making. The framework integrates heterogeneous data sources into a unified environment, covering infrastructures, buildings, and social systems. It also includes physiological monitoring, which collects physiological parameters from wearable sensors in a privacy-preserving way, and microclimate monitoring, which records indoor air quality in inhabited environments. Simulation-based analyses are applied to capture cascading effects of disruptions, while multidimensional indicators (societal, economic, operational, and health-related) are used to quantify resilience. The approach was implemented in the Italian municipality of Camerino, where hazard monitoring systems, impact assessment tools, and indoor comfort data were integrated and validated in the SCP-MULTICLIMACT platform. The proposed approach offers a replicable model for integrating environmental and health data in support of climate resilience and sustainable urban development
Enhancing the Built Environment Resilience: Integrating the MULTICLIMACT CREMA Tool, Sensing and Digital Solutions for Building Protection and Occupants' Well-Being Assessment
No full textAs climate conditions worsen and extreme events become more frequent, it is urgent to design, retrofit, and plan for the built environment resilience to present and future risks. Too often, the built environment is a source of vulnerability rather than a safe heaven. Therefore, mitigation and adaptation strategies must focus on resilience in both the built environment and human well-being. The MULTICLIMACT project (GA n. 101123538) aims to develop a mainstream framework and tool to help public and private stakeholders assess resilience across multiple scales (buildings, urban areas, territories), addressing local natural and climate hazards. It also supports enhancing preparedness and responsiveness throughout the built environment lifecycle, integrating aspects like human wellbeing, health, and quality of life into the analysis. This paper explores the application of MULTICLIMACT strategies through the CREMA tool, focusing on resilience at the building scale, while also considering the broader urban and territorial scales. Key parameters are identified for evaluating the resilience of the building-occupant ecosystem. Integration of CREMA with local data from the Camerino demo site provides insights into resilience performance across different hazard scenarios. This case study highlights the role of integrated tools in supporting adaptive and resilient building design and operations
Development of a BIM-Based Platform for the Assessment of Indoor Multidomain Comfort
No full textThis paper presents a monitoring platform developed within the framework of the European project MULTICLIMACT (GA n. 101123538). The platform is based on the BIM of the building to be monitored and integrates multidomain sensors for the acquisition of data related to structural health, environmental parameters, and physiological status of the building occupants. In this way, it is possible to gather information useful to have an insight of the global status of the whole ecosystem, with a perspective of human centric design and management of the built environment thanks to the continuous assessment of indoor multidomain comfort
Measuring the Occupants' Well-Being in the Built Environment: Towards the Integration of Physiological and Environmental Parameters in a Multidomain BIM-Based Platform
No full textThere is increasing interest in developing multidomain monitoring systems for the built environment, covering not only structural health-related aspects but also focusing on environmental and physiological parameters directly determining the occupants' comfort and well-being. Integrating this information in the Building Information Modelling (BIM) of a building makes the whole ecosystem interconnected, thus providing a feedforward loop capable of improving people's well-being as well as building energy consumption. This paper presents the preliminary results of the solution proposed within the framework of the European project MULTICLIMACT, seeking tools enhancing resilience at multiple scale levels. Results prove the feasibility and the efficiency of the proposed approach to integrate data from a plethora of multidomain sensors in a flexible, modular, and interoperable manner
The Integration of a Multidomain Monitoring Platform with Structural Data: A Building Case Study
No full textIn recent years, innovative Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) techniques, applicable for the assessment of existing civil structures, have become available for in situ analysis on Reinforced Concrete (RC) and masonry structures, but they are still not established for regular inspections, especially after seismic events. The damage assessment of RC buildings after seismic events is a very relevant issue in Italy, where most of the structures built in the last 50 years are RC structures. Furthermore, there is also a growing interest in being able to monitor structural health aspects by storing them on the building’s digital twin. For these reasons, it is necessary to develop an affordable and ready-to-use NDT procedure that provides more accurate indications on the real state of damage of reinforced concrete buildings after seismic events and to integrate these data into an interoperable digital twin for automated, optimized building performance monitoring, management, and preventive maintenance. To this end, a case study was conducted on a building in the Marche region in Italy, damaged by the 2016 earthquake. Non-destructive tests were performed and inserted into the LIS platform for the creation of a digital twin of the building. This platform seamlessly manages, visualizes, and analyzes the collected data and integrates various sensor nodes deployed throughout the building. The paper also presents a methodology to simplify the work of the test operator and make the entire process of knowledge of the building faster and more sustainable through a QR-code interface
Role of community health workers in addressing dementia: A global perspective
No full textThe current increase in dementia prevalence suggests a need for public health intervention. While prevention is crucial, lack of awareness, limited access to healthcare system and shortage of health workforce are significant shortcomings. Therefore, adopting a process that increases utilization of community health workers (CHWs) is a promising strategy. This review synthesizes existing research on roles of CHWs in dementia related services to improve dementia care. PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, CABI Global Health, Web of Science, PsycINFO, and Cochrane Library were searched for specific keywords. A cited reference search and reference list search were also conducted. Among the ten eligible articles, six cross-sectional, two pre-post, one longitudinal and one qualitative study were found. Four broad aspects emerged as potential roles of CHWs. Four studies focused on screening for dementia, two on screening for HIV-associated dementia (HIV-D), three on dementia education and one on advance care planning (ACP) conversations. The dementia education intervention was conducted among the underrepresented and culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) communities. Nine of the ten studies (90%) found the CHWs to be efficient in performing the interventions. The CHWs were trained and results were evaluated. CHWs were influential in bridging the community and the healthcare system and addressed dementia through cost effective approaches. Their engagement in multiple wide-ranging programs in future may help to prevent, screen and manage dementia.Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'Closed Access', the embargo will last until 2022-05-01The student, Rifat Alam, accepted the attached license on 2020-05-13 at 13:19.The student, Rifat Alam, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2020-05-13 at 13:45.This Thesis was approved for publication on 2020-05-13 at 15:03.DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #15383 on 2020-08-25 at 17:44:27Made available in DSpace on 2020-08-27T00:51:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2
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Previous issue date: 2020-05-13Embargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 115966
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A study on strengthening of reinforced concrete frames using precast concrete panels
No full textThis study describes the effectiveness of the behavior resulting from strengthening infill walls in existing reinforced concrete frame systems with low resistance against earthquake effects using precast concrete panels. In this study, a strengthening method that can be applied without building occupants having to leave the building was investigated. For this purpose, six 1/2 scale, two-story and single span test specimens with brick infill walls and low earthquake resistance, which have common errors seen in existing reinforced concrete buildings, were generated. The first of test frames with equivalent properties was tested as the reference specimen under reversible repeatable lateral loads. Others were tested after high-strength concrete panels produced in different geometric shapes were strengthened by bonding them onto existing frame infill walls. Brick infill walls strengthened using concrete panels were modeled as shell elements by SAP2000 software package and the accuracy of experimental studies were compared with analytical results. Experimental and analytical studies demonstrated that the reinforcement method significantly improved properties, such as resistance to lateral loads, energy dissipation capacity, of brick infill reinforced concrete frames.S.U.-BAPSelcuk University [13701617]This study was supported financially by S.U.-BAP (13701617). This study was prepared by using PhD thesis of Arife Akin. The author also thank Dr. Rifat Sezer for his valuable help
Investigation of precast new diagonal concrete panels in strengthened the infilled reinforced concrete frames
No full textMajor part of the structural stock in Turkey doesn't have sufficient endurance, rigidity and ductility against possible large earthquakes. Strengthening of structures against earthquakes always appears on the agenda and structures are being strengthened by using different techniques. In this context, cast in place reinforced concrete shear walls is a highly effective and reliable method for improving the system behavior. However, construction work takes long time in this method, so the structure is required to be emptied before the practice. For this reason, it is required to develop the strengthening methods which facilitates lives of people and which is economic and effective in terms of structure. The principle of the technique recommended in this study is to convert plastered hollow brick walls of the structure to shear walls equivalent to reinforced concretes (RC) by strengthening them with high-strength precast new diagonal concrete panels. For this purpose, a reinforced concrete frame, which is 1/3 scaled, low-strengthened against earthquake, has two-story and single span unreinforced brick infilling wall, has been produced with failures frequently seen especially in concrete buildings of our country as reference sample. Moreover, strengthening three reinforced concrete infilled frame wall having same features with reference sample by new diagonal concrete panels which are precast, high strengths in different shapes used for the first time in the literature, their behaviors under reversible-repeatable horizontal loading simulating earthquake effect have been tested. Results of the experiment have been compared with the analytic study and it has been observed that applied technique has increased the energy dissipation capacity of test elements and improved the earthquake behaviors.S.U. OYP [2014-OYP-104]; TUBITAK-3001 [215M375]This study was supported financially by S.U. OYP (2014-OYP-104) and TUBITAK-3001 (215M375). This study was prepared by using Ph. D. thesis of Ceyhun AKSOYLU. The author also thanks Dr. Rifat Sezer and Dr. Nail Kara
Irréformable Russie
No full textAnalysing the Gorbachev / Yeltsin era, the author addresses a fundamental question : why is it that in Russia liberalising social and economic reforms always fail ? There are several answers to this question :
1 . The reformer(s) fail to take into account the hopes and aspirations of the people themselves.
2. They have no faith in society's creative ability. Hopeless dreamers and ardent idealists, they have, generation after generation (Peter the Great, Catherine the Great, Alexander II, Lenin, Gorbachev, Yeltsin / Gaidar) either been unaware of, or chosen to ignore, their people. They have posed as saviours, deserving, as they saw it, of the people's eternal gratitude. The frequently catastrophic results of their reforms force them (or their successor) to throw the reform movement violently into reverse.
3. In terms of the State's presence in the daily lives of its citizens, Russia belongs more to Asia than to Europe. This is a State that has grown too big, owns vast tracts of land, has huge industrial interests, and innovates in many areas. Its leaders very quickly realised that as the free market developed, so their power would wither away.
4. The Russian mentality (its values and behaviours) is imbued with the collecti- vist, "solidarity" ethic, as shown by the results of a study carried out in Novosibirsk in 1997. The Orthodox Church and its anti-free market stance is a further problem. As a result, the author is highly sceptical as to the prospects for the emergence of a market economy and democracy in Russia. "In our country", he pessimistically concludes, "the market economy is the end, and the means of achieving this end is to make people suffer."Gousseïnov Rifat, Daniaud Élise, Jobert Véronique, Comte Philippe. Irréformable Russie. In: Revue Russe n°38, 2012. La perestroïka de Gorbatchev : piteuse déconfiture ou réussite historique ? pp. 11-24
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