24 research outputs found
The Unbearable Ambiguity of the Gift
No full textIn his book, Pour une histoire naturelle du don, François Athané questions the various anthropological, sociological, and philosophical discourses surrounding the fundamental social role of the gift. Taking as his point of departure the notion of the transfer of goods or services as a basic factor both in the exchange of gifts and of the gift itself, the author proceeds to deconstruct certain theories, beginning with Marcel Mauss’s The Gift: Forms and Functions of Exchange in Archaic Societies (first published in French in 1923, and later published in English in 1954). Since such an approach does not permit considering the “gift—receipt—counter-gift” triad as a whole, it does not take into account the obligation to reciprocate highlighted by Mauss and thus deprives the gift of its constitutive role as a social link. Athané thus proposes a new interpretation of the place the gift occupies in human perception and social behavior. He refers to the universalizing nature of the gift as an expression of parental altruism. However, while this establishes a connection between nature and culture (the gift being the cultural form of this natural parental altruism), Athané makes no reference to the social and biological studies that were previously challenged by the authors he cites. This reconsideration of nature, in which society and its rules are said to originate, should give rise to new debates.</jats:p
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 4‐Aryl‐1‐(4‐methylpiperazin‐1‐yl)phthalazines by Suzuki‐Type Cross‐Coupling Reaction.
No full textSyntheses and optimization of new GS39783 analogues as positive allosteric modulators of GABA B receptors.
No full textThe optimization of GS39783 into potent, selective, and safe positive allosteric modulators of GABA(B) receptors is presented
DNA vaccines: a review
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Repeated Administration of the GABA Receptor Positive Modulator BHF177 Decreased Nicotine Self-Administration, and Acute Administration Decreased Cue-Induced Reinstatement of Nicotine Seeking in Rats
No full textAbstract: Rationale -Aminobutyric acid (GABA) is the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain and is implicated in the modulation of central reward processes. Acute or chronic administration of GABA receptor agonists or positive modulators decreased self-administration of various drugs of abuse. Furthermore, GABA receptor agonists inhibited cue-induced reinstatement of nicotine- and cocaine-seeking behavior. Because of their fewer adverse side effects compared with GABA receptor agonists, GABA receptor positive modulators are potentially improved therapeutic compounds for the treatment of drug dependence compared with agonists. Objectives and methods: We examined whether the acute effects of the GABA receptor positive modulator N-[(1R,2R,4S)-bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-yl]-2-methyl-5-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-4-pyrimidinamine (BHF177) on nicotine self- administration and food-maintained responding under a fixed-ratio 5 schedule of reinforcement were maintained after repeated administration. The effects of acute BHF177 administration on cue-induced nicotine- and food-seeking behavior, a putative animal model of relapse, were also examined. Results: Repeated administration of BHF177 for 14 days decreased nicotine self-administration, with small tolerance observed during the last 7 days of treatment, whereas BHF177 minimally affected food-maintained responding. Acute BHF177 administration dose-dependently blocked cue-induced reinstatement of nicotine-, but not food-, seeking behavior after a 10-day extinction period. Conclusions: These results showed that BHF177 selectively blocked nicotine self-administration and prevented cueinduced reinstatement of nicotine seeking, with minimal effects on responding for food and no effect on cue-induced reinstatement of food seeking. Thus, GABA receptor positive modulators could be useful therapeutics for the treatment of different aspects of nicotine dependence by facilitating smoking cessation by decreasing nicotine intake and preventing relapse to smoking in humans.Version of Recor
Rethinking the routine: Are repeat blood cultures necessary after completion of infective endocarditis treatment?
No full textAmong 598 infective endocarditis (IE) episodes, follow-up blood cultures within 14 days of antimicrobial treatment completion were performed in 135 (23%) cases and detected only 2 (1.5%) recurrences. This strategy failed to identify 8 (6%) additional IE recurrences diagnosed between days 15 and 120, underscoring its limited utility.
© The Author(s) 2025. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Infectious Diseases Society of America
Both GABAB receptor activation and blockade exacerbated anhedonic aspects of nicotine withdrawal in rats
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