1,720,977 research outputs found
The assessment of sediment quality of freshwater bodies: The case of two typical central Italy lakes.
No full textPhytosterols and Fatty Acids analytical determination on Lodoicea Maldivica fruit
No full textThis work reports the first attempt for detection and identification of chemical compounds in the fruit kernel of the ‘Lodoicea Maldivica’ coco nucifera palm. The analysis was performed by GC-MS technique to determine phytosterol and fatty acid composition profiles in internal and external pulp. Total phytosterol content was almost constant in both kernel coconut (24.6 μg/g for the external, and 22.5 μg/g for the internal portion). The fatty acid pattern has been determined. The composition was characterised by seven saturated acids ranged from C14:0 (myristic) to C20:0 (arachidic) and two monounsaturated acids, the palmitoleic (C16:1, ω7) and the oleic (C18:1, ω9). Palmitic acid (C16:0) was the predominant one with contribution of about 49% followed by pentadecanoic, stearic (C18:0) and myristic acids (C14:0) in all two examined kernel parts
Phytosterols and fatty acids analytical determination on Lodoicea Maldivica fruit
No full textThis work reports the first attempt for detection and identification of chemical compounds in the fruit kernel of the ‘Lodoicea Maldivica’ coco nucifera palm. The analysis was performed by GC-MS technique to determine phytosterol and fatty acid composition profiles in internal and external pulp. Total phytosterol content was almost constant in both kernel coconut (24.6 μg/g for the external, and 22.5 μg/g for the internal portion). The fatty acid pattern has been determined. The composition was characterised by seven saturated acids ranged from C14:0 (myristic) to C20:0 (arachidic) and two monounsaturated acids, the palmitoleic (C16:1, ω7) and the oleic (C18:1, ω9). Palmitic acid (C16:0) was the predominant one with contribution of about 49% followed by pentadecanoic, stearic (C18:0) and myristic acids (C14:0) in all two examined kernel parts
In Vitro Inhibition of 4-Nitroquinoline-1-Oxide Genotoxicity by Probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus IMC501
No full textInhibition of 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide (4-NQO) genotoxicity by a probiotic strain of Lactobacillus rhamnosus (IMC501) was assessed by the prokaryotic short-term bioassay SOSChromotest, using Escherichia coli PQ37 as the target organism. Results showed the ability of strain IMC501 to rapidly and markedly counteract, in vitro, the DNA damage originated by the considered genotoxin. The inhibition was associated with a spectroscopic hypsochromic shift of the original 4-NQO profile and progressive absorbance increase of a new peak. IR-Raman and GC-MS analyses confirmed the disappearance of 4-NQO after contact with the microorganism, showing also the absence of any genotoxic molecule potentially available for metabolic activation (i.e., 4-hydroxyaminoquinoline-1-oxide and 4-nitrosoquinoline-1-oxide). Furthermore, we have shown the presence of the phenyl-quinoline and its isomers as major non-genotoxic conversion products, which led to the hypothesis of a possible pattern of molecular transformation. These findings increase knowledge on lactobacilli physiology and contribute to the further consideration of antigenotoxicity as a nonconventional functional property of particular probiotic strains
Increased plasma levels of the lipoperoxyl radical-derived vitamin E metabolite α-tocopheryl quinone are an early indicator of lipotoxicity in fatty liver subjects
No full textLipid peroxidation is one of the earliest pathogenic events of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). In this context, an increased oxidation of the lipoperoxyl radical scavenger α-tocopherol (α-TOH) should occur already in the subclinical phases of the disease to compensate for the increase oxidation of the lipid excess of liver and possibly of other tissues. However, this assumption remains unsupported by direct analytical evidence. In this study, GC-MS/MS and LC-MS/MS procedures have been developed and applied for the first time to measure the vitamin E oxidation metabolite α-tocopheryl quinone (α-TQ) in plasma of fatty liver (FL) subjects that were compared in a pilot cross-sectional study with healthy controls. The protein adducts of 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) and the free form of polyunsaturated free fatty acids (PUFA) were measured as surrogate indicators of lipid peroxidation. α-TQ formation was also investigated in human liver cells after supplementation with α-TOH and/or fatty acids (to induce steatosis). Compared with controls, FL subjects showed increased (absolute and α-TOH-corrected) levels of plasma α-TQ and 4-HNE, and decreased concentrations of PUFA. α-TQ levels positively correlated with indices of liver damage and metabolic dysfunction, such as alanine aminotransferase, bilirubin and triglycerides, and negatively correlated with HDL cholesterol. Fatty acid supplementation in human hepatocytes stimulated the generation of cellular oxidants and α-TOH uptake leading to increased α-TQ formation and secretion in the extracellular medium - both were markedly stimulated by α-TOH supplementation. In conclusion, plasma α-TQ represents an early biomarker of the lipoperoxyl radical-induced oxidation of vitamin E and lipotoxicity of the fatty liver
Determination of Volatile Aroma Composition Profiles of Coco de Mèr (Lodoicea Maldivica) Fruit: Analytical Study by HS-SPME and GC/MS Techniques
No full textThis work reports the detection and identification of volatile chemical compounds in fruit kernel of “Lodoicea maldivica” coco nucifera palm by gas chromatographic method. The analysis was performed by HS-SPME and GC/MS techniques to determine volatile aroma composition profiles in internal and external pulp. No qualitative differences in flavor composition were observed between two pulp parts, but there were notable variations in the abundance levels of the prominent compounds. Computational method was used to extract individual component mass spectra from GC/MS data files by using the AMDIS version 2.65 software. With such a procedure we are able to construct our own mass spectra library determining retention indices for chemical compounds of our interest in the used specific experimental conditions
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