413 research outputs found
Safety and efficacy of erythropoietin for the treatment of patients with optic neuritis (TONE): a randomised, double-blind, multicentre, placebo-controlled study.
No full textBACKGROUND
The human cytokine erythropoietin conveys neuroprotection in animal models but has shown ambiguous results in phase 2 clinical trials in patients with optic neuritis. We assessed the safety and efficacy of erythropoietin in patients with optic neuritis as a clinically isolated syndrome in a multicentre, prospective, randomised clinical trial.
METHODS
This randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind phase 3 trial, conducted at 12 tertiary referral centres in Germany, included participants aged 18-50 years, within 10 days of onset of unilateral optic neuritis, with visual acuity of 0·5 or less, and without a previous diagnosis of multiple sclerosis. Participants were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive either 33 000 IU erythropoietin or placebo intravenously for 3 days as an adjunct to high-dose intravenous methylprednisolone (1000 mg per day). Block randomisation was performed by the trial statistician using an SAS code that generated randomly varying block sizes, stratified by study site and distributed using sealed envelopes. All trial participants and all study staff were masked to treatment assignment, except the trial pharmacist. The first primary outcome was atrophy of the peripapillary retinal nerve fibre layer (pRNFL), measured by optic coherence tomography (OCT) as the difference in pRNFL thickness between the affected eye at week 26 and the unaffected eye at baseline. The second primary outcome was low contrast letter acuity at week 26, measured as the 2·5% Sloan chart score of the affected eye. Analysis was performed in the full analysis set of all randomised participants for whom treatment was started and at least one follow-up OCT measurement was available. Safety was analysed in all patients who received at least one dose of the trial medication. This trial is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT01962571.
FINDINGS
108 participants were enrolled between Nov 25, 2014, and Oct 9, 2017, of whom 55 were assigned to erythropoietin and 53 to placebo. Five patients were excluded from the primary analysis due to not receiving the allocated medication, withdrawn consent, revised diagnosis, or loss to follow-up, yielding a full analysis set of 52 patients in the erythropoietin group and 51 in the placebo group. Mean pRNFL atrophy was 15·93 μm (SD 14·91) in the erythropoietin group and 14·65 μm (15·60) in the placebo group (adjusted mean treatment difference 1·02 μm; 95% CI -5·51 to 7·55; p=0·76). Mean low contrast letter acuity scores were 49·60 (21·31) in the erythropoietin group and 49·06 (21·93) in the placebo group (adjusted mean treatment difference -4·03; -13·06 to 5·01). Adverse events occurred in 43 (81%) participants in the erythropoietin group and in 42 (81%) in the placebo group. The most common adverse event was headache, occuring in 15 (28%) patients in the erythropoietin group and 13 (25%) patients in the placebo group. Serious adverse events occurred in eight (15%) participants in the erythropoietin and in four (8%) in the placebo group. One patient (2%) in the erythropoietin group developed a venous sinus thrombosis, which was treated with anticoagulants and resolved without sequelae.
INTERPRETATION
Erythropoietin as an adjunct to corticosteroids conveyed neither functional nor structural neuroprotection in the visual pathways after optic neuritis. Future research could focus on modified erythropoietin administration, assess its efficacy independent of corticosteroids, and investigate whether it affects the conversion of optic neuritis to multiple sclerosis.
FUNDING
German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF)
Rauer Group Satellite Image Map 1:50000
No full textProgress Code: completedStatement: Please see URL link ('Procedures employed to produce the image maps of Vestfold Hills and Rauer Group Islands - Antarctica').
Data source: Two multispectral space imagery SPOT1 images (K281 J494, K281 J493), acquired 21 January 1989 and 16 February 1990 respectively.
Projection and Grid: Transverse Mercator, grid zone 43.
Co-ordinates: Geographical and UTM.
Horizontal datum: World Geodetic System 1984.
Magnetic Variation: 76.6 degrees west in 1991.
Nomenclature: Names approved by the Antarctic Names Committee of Australia but are subject to confirmation (June 1991).Satellite image map of the Rauer Group, Antarctica. This map was produced for the Australian Antarctic Division by AUSLIG (now Geoscience Australia) Commercial, in Australia, in 1991. The map is at a scale of 1:50000, and was produced from two SPOT 1 scenes. It is projected on a Transverse Mercator projection, and shows refuge/depots and gives some historical text information. The map has both geographical and UTM co-ordinates
Rauer Group Geomorphology
No full textProgress Code: completedThis dataset consists of spreadsheets with data about the geomorphology of the Rauer Group compiled by Dr Phil O'Brien. The spreadsheets refer to photos provided by Dr Duanne White, University of Canberra and collected during the expedition of the RV Polarstern (ANT-XXIII/9) in 2007. The photos are of landscapes and landforms and include metadata to allow their use as benchmark images for monitoring change and processes. Some images of human impacts are included to allow for estimates of the longevity of these features. The photos are available from the metadata record with ID Rauer_Group_Geomorphic_Map (see a provided URL)
Rauer Group GIS data update from various sources
No full textProgress Code: completedStatement: Data quality information for each feature is located in the attribute table.The Australian Antarctic Data Centre's topographic GIS data for the Rauer Group, Antarctica was originally the data described by the metadata record 'Rauer Group 1:50000 Topographic GIS Dataset' with Entry ID: Raur50k.<br/><br/>Since then a number of features have been added to this data. The data are available for download as part of the Rauer Group GIS data group from a Related URL.<br/><br/>The data are formatted according to the SCAR Feature Catalogue (see Related URL). Data that are part of this dataset have Dataset_id = 47 in the SCAR Feature Catalogue format
Rauer Group 1:50000 Topographic GIS Dataset
No full textProgress Code: completedStatement: Owing to the surface conditions at the time of the photography small islands and lakes may not be present and the shapes of features may be incorrect. The topographic data covering the island group and coastal region has been sourced from ANARE aerial photography dated 1960 (films ANT97 and ANT75). Contours on ice where sourced from 1:100,000 and 1:200,000 scale Soviet mapping. SPOT XS satellite imagery (K281-J493 of 16/2/90) was used to define the seaward extent of glacier tongues.
Owing to deficiencies in the aerial photography (no camera calibration or fiducial marks and insufficient overlays) and lack of ground control these data do not meet 1:50,000 mapping standards. Distortions of up to 50 metres are known to exist in the data.
Note: The link to shapefile below links to all Rauer Group GIS data. This record refers specially to data with a dataset_id = 75.Rauer Group 1:50000 Topographic GIS dataset. Data conforms to SCAR Feature Catalogue which can be searched.<br/>10 metre contour interval on rock, 20 metre contour interval on ice up to 100 metres, 100 metre contour interval on ice above 100 metres
Un moderno falso origeniano: sull’attribuzione e sui testimoni di Or. fr. 241-242 Rauer (90-91 Crouzel-Fournier-Périchon) in Lc.
No full textFollowing a critical remark by E. Prinzivalli, the article aims to show that two Greek fragments usually attributed to Origen (Or. fr. 241-242 Rauer (90-91 Crouzel-Fournier-Périchon) in Lc.) are actually spurious. The author demonstrates that M. Rauer linked the first fragment to Origen because he misread the lemma in the manuscript Par. Coisl. 612. Moreover, he identifies two “new” testimonies of the fragments (Vat. Pal. gr. 20, Vind. theol. gr. 117), in which they are both ascribed to Apollinaris of Laodicea. Indeed, several proofs indicate that Or. fr. 241-242 Rauer in Lc. should be attributed to Apollinaris, and should be published as one fragment, together with another small excerpt by Apollinaris (Apoll. fr. 11,5-6 Reuss in Lc.)
Magnetotelluric investigation of the Vestfold Hills and Rauer Group, East Antarctica (time series)
No full textNAThis record was harvested by RDA at 2025-09-11T16:10:37.805841+10:00 from <a href='http://geonetwork.nci.org.au/geonetwork/srv/eng/catalog.search#/metadata/f2638_6708_6611_7301'>NCI's Data Catalogue</a> where it was last modified at 2019-06-04T12:06:15.The Vestfold Hills and Rauer Group in East Antarctica have contrasting Archean to Neoproterozoic geological histories and are believed to be juxtaposed along a suture zone that now lies beneath the Sørsdal Glacier. Exact location and age of this suture zone are unknown, as is its relationship to regional deformation associated with the amalgamation of East Gondwana. To image the suture zone, magnetotelluric (MT) data were collected in Prydz Bay, East Antarctica, mainly along a profile crossing the Sørsdal Glacier and regions inland of the Vestfold Hills and Rauer Group islands. 

MT data were collected by a team from University of Adelaide with support from the Australian Antarctic Division (AAD) in the austral summer of 2008/2009. Thirty four stations were collected along three transects totaling approximately 200 line kilometers, with station spacing varying between 2.5 and 20 km . Instrumentation consisted of six AuScope MT systems using Numeric Resources preamplifiers to overcome the high contact impedance of ice. Magnetic data were variably collected using three-component fluxgate, and two-component (both horizontal) and three-component (two horizontal and one vertical) induction coil magnetometers. Stainless steel plates were used for electrodes (with the face placed horizon- tally in snow or ice) along 100 m dipoles setup in an L-shape. Data were collected for an average of 5 days at a sampling rate of 100 samples/s. All stations where aligned with geomagnetic north (81 degrees west of geographic north). The field team was stationed at the AAD’s Davis Station and transported between stations via helicopter
Adélie penguin occupancy survey of the Rauer Group, 2009
No full textProgress Code: completedOccupancy surveys in November 2008 (Southwell and Emmerson 2013) found a total of 13 Adélie penguin breeding sites in the Rauer Group. The boundaries of breeding sub-colonies at 12 of these sites were subsequently mapped from vertical aerial photographs taken for abundance surveys on 21-23 November 2009 (for details of aerial photography see Southwell et al. 2013). The boundaries were mapped with a buffer distance of approximately 1-3 m from the perimeter of penguin sub-colonies.<br/><br/>Please refer to the Seabird Conservation Team Data Sharing Policy for use, acknowledgement and availability of data prior to downloading data
Adélie penguin occupancy survey of the Rauer Group, 2010
No full textProgress Code: completedOccupancy surveys in November 2008 (Southwell and Emmerson 2013) found a total of 13 Adélie penguin breeding sites in the Rauer Group. The boundaries of breeding sub-colonies at 12 of these sites were subsequently mapped from vertical aerial photographs taken for abundance surveys on 21-23 November 2009. The remaining breeding site (IS_72922) was photographed obliquely from a helicopter using a hand-held camera on 20 December 2010. Colony boundaries for this site were drawn and digitised by eye.<br/><br/>Please refer to the Seabird Conservation Team Data Sharing Policy for use, acknowledgement and availability of data prior to downloading data
Comparison of switching to 6-week dosing of natalizumab versus continuing with 4-week dosing in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (NOVA): a randomised, controlled, open-label, phase 3b trial
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