351 research outputs found
Data and code for "Uncertainty Displays Using Quantile Dotplots or CDFs Improve Transit Decision-Making" (CHI 2017)
No full text<p>This repository contains data and analysis code for the following paper:</p>
<p>Michael Fernandes, Logan Walls, Sean Munson, Jessica Hullman, and Matthew Kay. "Uncertainty Displays Using Quantile Dotplots or CDFs Improve Transit Decision-Making", Proceedings of the 2018 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems - CHI 2018. DOI: 10.1145/3173574.3173718<br>
</p>
Moving Beyond e-Health and the Quantified Self
No full textWhat is the role of CSCW as methodology and epistemology in the development of interactive technology for Proactive Health? Does CSCW have a particular research contribution to make to the critical and timely development of re-designing our cultures to support health as a social good rather than as a medical condition? This workshop proposes to dedicate its two days to explore these questions, in order to: 1) Produce a draft research agenda for CSCW challenges related to Proactive Health. 2) Develop a near and longer term set of objectives to deliver on this agenda
Recordings of 31 Speech-Language Pathologists Administering a Sentence Repetition Task in Child- and Adult-Directed Speech
No full textThis dataset contains recordings of all the SLP participants’ spoken sentences as part of their administration of the sentence repetition task, a total of 2,635 sentences (31 SLP participants saying 17 sentences to five different imagined listeners). It also contains files that with data about the speakers, output files from analysis in Praat, and R code used to generate analyses.Speech-language pathologists (SLPs) often administer live-voice assessments to children to determine whether they have communication disorders. Because of the method of administration, the outcome of assessment tasks may be influenced by SLPs’ speech style, which is reflected in variation in rate of speech and F0 patterns. To describe variability between SLPs when administering assessments, we conducted an online study of 31 SLPs’ speech characteristics as they administered a 16-item sentence repetition task to an imagined adult and four different imagined children: two 3-year-olds and two 12-year-olds who were either described as having developmental language disorder (DLD) or not. For each production of a child-directed sentence, we measured the SLP’s rate of speech, median F0, and F0 range and compared those to their adult-directed productions. The results demonstrated that SLPs decreased their rate of speech and increased their median F0 for younger children and children with DLD and increased their F0 range for younger children. Thus, SLPs adapt their speech characteristics to different children during assessment tasks, which could potentially impact children’s assessment outcomes.Funding support was provided to the first author through the University of Minnesota’s Doctoral Dissertation Fellowship and by funds from the University of Minnesota Vice President for Research to author BM. In addition, the first author is supported by NICHD grant T32 HD07489, with additional funding from the Waisman Center & The Friends of the Waisman Center.Ancel, Elizabeth; Winn, Matthew; Finestack, Lizbeth; Munson, Benjamin. (2026). Recordings of 31 Speech-Language Pathologists Administering a Sentence Repetition Task in Child- and Adult-Directed Speech. Retrieved from the Data Repository for the University of Minnesota (DRUM), https://hdl.handle.net/11299/278921
Using Personal Informatics Data in Collaboration among People with Different Expertise
No full textThesis (Ph.D.)--University of Washington, 2018Many people collect and analyze data about themselves to improve their health and wellbeing. With the prevalence of smartphones and wearable sensors, people are able to collect detailed and complex data about their everyday behaviors, such as diet, exercise, and sleep. This everyday behavioral data can support individual health goals, help manage health conditions, and complement traditional medical examinations conducted in clinical visits. However, people often need support to interpret this self-tracked data. For example, many people share their data with health experts, hoping to use this data to support more personalized diagnosis and recommendations as well as to receive emotional support. However, when attempting to use this data in collaborations, people and their health experts often struggle to make sense of the data. My dissertation examines how to support collaborations between individuals and health experts using personal informatics data. My research builds an empirical understanding of individual and collaboration goals around using personal informatics data, current practices of using this data to support collaboration, and challenges and expectations for integrating the use of this data into clinical workflows. These understandings help designers and researchers advance the design of personal informatics systems as well as the theoretical understandings of patient-provider collaboration. Based on my formative work, I propose design and theoretical considerations regarding interactions between individuals and health experts mediated by personal informatics data. System designers and personal informatics researchers need to consider collaborations occurred throughout the personal tracking process. Patient-provider collaboration might influence individual decisions to track and to review, and systems supporting this collaboration need to consider individual and collaborative goals as well as support communication around these goals. Designers and researchers should also attend to individual privacy needs when personal informatics data is shared and used across different healthcare contexts. With these design guidelines in mind, I design and develop Foodprint, a photo-based food diary and visualization system. I also conduct field evaluations to understand the use of lightweight data collection and integration to support collaboration around personal informatics data. Findings from these field deployments indicate that photo-based visualizations allow both participants and health experts to easily understand eating patterns relevant to individual health goals. Participants and health experts can then focus on individual health goals and questions, exchange knowledge to support individualized diagnoses and recommendations, and develop actionable and feasible plans to accommodate individual routines. Additionally, my dissertation examines ways of incorporating personal informatics data in the clinic. Many clinics have begun to encourage patients to self-collect data that is traditionally collected by medical professionals, with the expectation of increasing clinic efficiency and promoting patient awareness. One example is the proliferation of self-service blood pressure kiosks. In a longitudinal, mixed-method study, I partnered with medical researchers to examine the adoption of self-service blood pressure kiosks in a family medicine clinic. Because of initial concerns raised by patients, staff, and clinicians, the clinic iteratively identified and addressed emerging challenges, provided timely solutions, and improved the overall workflow integration. My dissertation research contributes empirical understanding, design guidelines, theoretical recommendations, and artifacts in human computer interaction, computer-supported collaborative work, and health informatics communities. It expands the existing understandings of how designers should design systems and workflows to support personal informatics data use in collaborative care and to improve patient-provider communication about their goals and expected use of this data. This work also provides a foundation for future researchers to study how personal informatics data can support management of other chronic diseases or preventive care, as well as how people with different expertise interact, communicate, and collaborate with each other
Designing to Support Sense of Agency for Time Spent on Digital Interfaces
No full textThesis (Ph.D.)--University of Washington, 2022App designers often exploit psychological vulnerabilities to maximize clicks, views, and time on site. When people attempt to resist such media use, their failure rate is higher than for any other temptation in everyday life. Consequently, users often report feeling dissatisfied and regretful of the time that they spend in apps. In response, concerned design practitioners and researchers have innovated ‘screen time tools’ that let users track and limit the time they spend on digital devices. Yet users report that reducing screen time is a poor proxy for their actual goals, that they are concerned with not only the quantity but also the quality of the time they spend online, so the problem persists. In this dissertation, I investigate how to respect the user’s time and attention by designing digital interfaces for a greater sense of user agency, i.e., the experience of control over one’s actions and their outcomes. My research on the YouTube mobile app, a common site of problematic use, finds that a majority of user goals are about shifting the quality of the content they consume on smartphones, not the quantity. Through a survey and co-design activities, I identify specific features that lead users to feel more or less control over how they spend their time on YouTube. Based on these features, I design and develop the SwitchTube mobile app, in which users can toggle between two interfaces when watching YouTube videos: Focus Mode (search-first) and Explore Mode (recommendations-first). In a field deployment of the SwitchTube app with 46 U.S. participants, I find that Focus Mode helps them realize a greater sense of agency without reducing their time spent in the app. My work highlights the need to think beyond ‘screen time’ and advances sense of agency as an alternative lens for addressing user frustrations. I highlight how the design community might identify and call out ‘attention capture dark patterns,’ conceptualize and measure sense of agency, and how flexible interfaces might adapt support for sense of agency to suit different use cases. Ultimately, sense of agency is not only associated with positive technology use outcomes, but also matters to users in its own right as a basic psychological need
Practitioners’ Views on Cultural Adaptation of Web-based Products
No full textThesis (Ph.D.)--University of Washington, 2020Researchers have repeatedly found cross-cultural differences in how people behave, perceive, and interact with information. However, it is unclear how these findings translate into cultural adaptations in global products - the process of optimizing a technology’s user interface and interaction design to address cultural differences beyond a mere change in language and date/time formats. My dissertation research is the first to explore how the industry does cultural adaptation from a practitioners’ view. It examines whether, and how, engineering teams consider their customers’ cultural differences when working on mature, globally available, digital products. Using interviews, surveys, and two case studies, I investigated what type of cultural adaptations practitioners consider, the challenges they face, and analyzed their use of academic research to inform cultural adaptations through the human-computer interaction (HCI) Translational Science model. My intention is to show the point of view of the practitioners in my study and, through the case studies, to add an ethnographic perspective. By being embedded in product teams of two major technology companies, I was able to gain access often unavailable to other researchers. My findings contribute empirical understanding, an overview of what practitioners in my study currently do to culturally adapt their products and what is left unaddressed, and barriers to the information flow between practice and research previously unknown. I discuss the importance of culture in product development as a matter of social inclusion and why it is challenging to address. I offer next steps, including opportunities for researchers to address concrete challenges, focus areas for educators, and call out the responsibility for leadership teams to foster inclusive product development for users often located in more than 200 markets
Designing to Support Sense of Agency for Time Spent on Digital Interfaces
No full textThesis (Ph.D.)--University of Washington, 2022App designers often exploit psychological vulnerabilities to maximize clicks, views, and time on site. When people attempt to resist such media use, their failure rate is higher than for any other temptation in everyday life. Consequently, users often report feeling dissatisfied and regretful of the time that they spend in apps. In response, concerned design practitioners and researchers have innovated ‘screen time tools’ that let users track and limit the time they spend on digital devices. Yet users report that reducing screen time is a poor proxy for their actual goals, that they are concerned with not only the quantity but also the quality of the time they spend online, so the problem persists. In this dissertation, I investigate how to respect the user’s time and attention by designing digital interfaces for a greater sense of user agency, i.e., the experience of control over one’s actions and their outcomes. My research on the YouTube mobile app, a common site of problematic use, finds that a majority of user goals are about shifting the quality of the content they consume on smartphones, not the quantity. Through a survey and co-design activities, I identify specific features that lead users to feel more or less control over how they spend their time on YouTube. Based on these features, I design and develop the SwitchTube mobile app, in which users can toggle between two interfaces when watching YouTube videos: Focus Mode (search-first) and Explore Mode (recommendations-first). In a field deployment of the SwitchTube app with 46 U.S. participants, I find that Focus Mode helps them realize a greater sense of agency without reducing their time spent in the app. My work highlights the need to think beyond ‘screen time’ and advances sense of agency as an alternative lens for addressing user frustrations. I highlight how the design community might identify and call out ‘attention capture dark patterns,’ conceptualize and measure sense of agency, and how flexible interfaces might adapt support for sense of agency to suit different use cases. Ultimately, sense of agency is not only associated with positive technology use outcomes, but also matters to users in its own right as a basic psychological need
Correction for Munson and Carroll, “What’s in a Name? New Bacterial Species and Changes to Taxonomic Status from 2012 through 2015”
No full textAuthor Correction
Goal-Directed Self-Tracking in the Management of Chronic Health Conditions
No full textThesis (Ph.D.)--University of Washington, 2020Health technologies are increasingly prevalent and important to support the management of chronic health conditions. Such health technologies often rely on self-tracking, or the practice of collecting and reflecting on personal data, to help people better understand their symptoms and learn how their habits and behaviors affect those symptoms. Many people with chronic conditions and their health providers believe that self-tracking offers a potential for a more complete and accurate understanding of an individual’s personal health. However, people and their health providers often struggle to collect, interpret, and act on self-tracked data, leaving this potential largely unmet. My dissertation research examines how health technologies can better support the goals an individual may bring to their chronic condition management, focusing on three distinct health contexts. I first summarize my work in mental health and irritable bowel syndrome, in which I investigated how systems could support common condition management goals that people and health providers pursue within these domains. My research in these areas revealed nuanced and personalized goals that individuals often developed throughout the management of their condition. I then describe my development of goal-directed self-tracking, a novel method that aims to explicitly elicit, represent, and support the goals people and their health providers may have for their personalized health management. I explored goal-directed self-tracking in the context of migraine, synthesizing findings from my prior work and formative studies to explore how tools could help people and their health providers: 1) express their tracking goals; 2) collect exactly and only the data they need to achieve those goals; and 3) interpret the resulting data appropriately for those goals. Finally, I discuss next steps and future challenges for goal-directed self-tracking, including opportunities for additional research in supporting holistic health management, patient-provider collaboration with patient-generated data, and artificial intelligence to further personalize health technologies. My dissertation therefore contributes new understanding, methods, and tools to support people and their health providers in expressing and pursuing their multiple, distinct, and evolving goals
Understanding and Tooling Translational Research in Human-Computer Interaction
No full textThesis (Ph.D.)--University of Washington, 2020Successfully bridging research and practice in Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) can lead to better products and services that benefit society, as well as refined research questions and theories. However, groups of HCI practitioners and HCI researchers often fail to benefit from each other’s valuable expertise, which led to the use of a “research-practice gap” metaphor to illustrates the hardships of bridging research and practice. Although the research-practice gap has framed and motivated studies and opinion pieces by HCI academics, there is still much to be understood about the relationships of research and practice in HCI. This dissertation investigates the nuances of the research-practice gap metaphor in HCI, and the knowledge exchange and use by different groups in the HCI community. Informed by such nuances, I design tools to bridge research and practice in HCI.First, I investigate the research-practice gap to expose the complexity underlying the stark separation between two groups. I study HCI community members’ current efforts to engage in Translational Research efforts, with a focus on knowledge consumption and utilization as well as barriers for knowledge to flow across groups. As a result, I propose a Translational Science Model using the concept of a continuum instead of a gap, to represent how knowledge flows in the HCI community through multiple gaps. I define and describe instances of Translational Research in the HCI field. In addition, I propose design considerations regarding the creation of resources and design methods to facilitate the translation of HCI knowledge from scientific findings to design. Through these contributions, the HCI community can better understand current practices around disseminating and translating HCI knowledge, and the challenges and opportunities for Translational Research to impact distinct design activities.
Second, to help bridge the research and practice gaps, I design and evaluate tools aimed at tackling specific barriers for Translational Research in HCI. Translational Research tools in HCI have been framed around academics’ knowledge dissemination models and needs. In turn, I propose and evaluate tools focused on practitioners’ needs and workflow. In one tool, I tackled the barrier of language by creating learning modules for HCI practitioners to read and understand theoretical concepts. On another tool, I tackled the barrier of applicability and contribute a design method to facilitate the application of existing theories into the design process. Learnings from these design explorations help to further furnish our knowledge on how to effectively implement Translational Research efforts and provide additional nuance on the barriers for knowledge dissemination and translation in HCI.
In summary, this dissertation introduces and defines Translational Research in HCI and provides a foundation for the discipline to investigate and design translational processes and tools. Such contributions will hopefully inspire efforts to consolidate a Translational Science in HCI
- …
