1,721,438 research outputs found
Enzymes from fish processing waste materials and their commercial applications
No full textEnzyme technology is an indispensable part of today's industrial processes and, hence, the global market for industrial enzymes continues to expand. The manufacturing of enzymes has become the cash cow of many businesses. However, the use of enzymes for industrial processes adds considerable cost to the final product. Further, several drawbacks associated with conventional enzymes have increased the need for alternatives with competitive advantages. Marine enzymes with habitat-related unique physicochemical characteristics seem ideal candidates and fish processing leftovers have been recognized as a cheap and promising source for unique marine enzymes. In this chapter, fish processing leftover-derived enzymes and their potential applications are discussed
Functional Properties of Ascidians By-products: Nutritional and Medicinal Value
No full textThe generation of ascidians by-products has been a crucial problem to solve in regards to environmental or resource utilization. Researchers have investigated various methods of utilization, and those efforts provide great opportunities to develop high-value additional products with indispensable functional characteristics, which can be used either as nutritional or medicinal agents. Therefore, ascidians by-products are valuable natural resources that show a range of functionalities and, hence, are potential materials for the nutraceutical industry. This overview discusses the potential uses of ascidians by-products bioactivities with nutritional and medicinal values
Marine nutraceuticals
No full textMarine resources are gaining much attention as a gold mine of biologically active materials with healing power. Most of these metabolites have shown unique structural and functional features compared to their terrestrial counterparts. With the understanding of the requirement and the benefits of nutraceutical supplementation to prevent increasing incidences of life-style-related diseases, marine nutraceuticals has gained high demands worldwide. Among large number of marine nutraceuticals, omega-3 fatty acids, carotenoids, chitin oligosaccharides, glucosamine, collagen, and fucoidan are popularly consumed. This chapter presents a brief review of the beneficial effects of these marine nutraceuticals and their market positioning. Moreover, the need for research and development in this area to overcome the market challenges is also discussed
Applications of Microalgae-Derived Active Ingredients as Cosmeceuticals
No full textMicroalgae have developed novel diverse compounds with unique biological properties. They can biosynthesize many valuable substances, with potential applications in cosmeceuticals, nutraceuticals, and functional foods. This interest has led to the commercialization of a multitude of cosmeceutical products based on microalgae, which have become natural alternatives to chemical-based cosmetics. This chapter considers the recent progress in the application of bioactive substances derived from microalgae as potential cosmeceuticals. The various biological activities of microalgae and their compounds are reported to evaluate their potential use in current and future cosmetic skin care products
Medicinal Effects of Phlorotannins from Marine Brown Algae
No full textBrown seaweeds are popular and abundant food in East Asia and also well known for their medicinal effects due to presence of active phenolic constituents. Phlorotannins, the major phenolic group of brown algae, have extensively investigated for their vast array of bioactivities such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and antidiabetic. They possess promising activity in both in vitro and in vivo systems showing promising potential to further develop as therapeutic agents. In this chapter, attempts have taken to examine and categorize the reports available on active phlorotannins which have shown strong bioactivities
Marine symbiotic microorganisms: a new dimension in natural product research
No full textThis chapter discusses the marine-derived symbiotic microorganisms and their metabolites with special emphasis on biological activities. Recently, marine microorganisms, bacteria, archaea, microbial eukaryotes, and their associated viruses have gained increasing attention due to their great potential in natural product research. Novel molecular approaches facilitated the identification of symbiotic marine microorganisms, and the development of culture techniques strengthened the journey. Chemically diverse and biologically significant metabolites of marine symbiotic microbes gained considerable popularity among natural product researchers within a short period of time. Symbiotic microbial communities of marine origin undoubtedly brought a new wave to marine natural product research. With respect to lead compound exploration, this is an indispensable source of potent biologically active compounds and could be a sustainable approach to explore marine chemical diversity
Perspectives on Biomedical Applications of Ulvan
No full textUlvan, a sulfated polysaccharide extracted from green algae belonging to Ulva species, has been shown to display a wide range of biological properties that significantly contribute to the beneficial health effects obtained by algal food consumption. The present book chapter aims to provide an overview of the more recently adopted strategies for the exploitation of Ulvan as polymer matrix for biomedical applications. Particular emphasis is placed on the development of Ulvan based hydrogels for tissue engineering and cells and drug delivery. Routes for the chemical modification of Ulvan to obtain chemically crosslinked preformed hydrogel networks are described, together with the development of Ulvan based in situ forming injectable hydrogels. Recent biomedical research exploiting nonadhesive and antimicrobial properties of Ulvan, as well as its spontaneous supramolecular aggregation behavior in aqueous solution, is also reported highlighting how the outstanding biological properties of this sulfated polysaccharide can meet the needs required by innovative approaches in wound dressing, antimicrobial coatings and micro/nanoformulations. Finally, the challenging aspects of a sustainable exploitation of the algal biomass for the production of a versatile platform of bioactive polysaccharides, satisfying the stringent requirements of industrial development and regulatory authority approval, are critically discussed
Sea Cucumber Saponins: Realization of Their Anticancer Effects
No full textThe search for natural products that can be used novel and effective pharmaceutical agents has gained much attention in natural product and pharmacology research. Among marine resources, marine animals have proven to be rich sources of interesting organic molecules, which have accumulated in them over years of evolution. Most of the marine invertebrates are sessile and are constantly targeted by the predators. To defend against these threats, these organisms are capable of releasing potent chemicals. A great number of compounds from marine invertebrates with diverse structural features and sound biological activities have been reported and reviewed in the literature. Among these, the compounds isolated from sea cucumbers are gaining more attention recently due to the presence of interesting compounds with potent biological activities. Sea cucumbers are soft-bodied wormlike echinoderms, which belong to the class Holothuroidea (De Moncerrat Iiguez-Martinez et al. 2005). They have economic importance in Asian countries, specifically in China where several species are used in traditional medicine or eaten as delicacies. The taxonomical distribution of sea cucumbers consist of six main orders (Apodida, Elasipodida, Aspidochirotida, Molpadiida, Dendrochirotida, and Dactylochirotida), which includes 25 families, about 200 genera, and more than 1400 species. Sea cucumbers can be found in nearly every marine environment, but are most diverse on tropical shallow-water coral reefs
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