1,721,097 research outputs found
JOINT INTENSIVE COURSE ON GRASSLAND MANAGEMENT (C3) TRANSUMAN
No full textJOINT INTENSIVE COURSE ON GRASSLAND MANAGEMENT (C3)
TranSuMan
Advanced training on sustainable management of pastoral systems
Agreement Number: 2021-1-IT02-KA220-HED-000032227
09-12 May 2023, Camerino, ITAL
Morphological and Physiological Research on Fish
No full textThis Special Issue is dedicated to the application of morphological and physiological studies carried out on fish.
Fish represent the largest and most diverse group of vertebrates, and there are various uses of these animals in both research and industry. On the one hand, aquaculture is one of the world's most efficient and sustainable methods to produce high-quality protein. On the other hand, in the last decades, fish have emerged as an interesting model system in biomedical research, due to the close similarities they have with mammals, in terms of various basic mechanisms. Morphological studies provide us with context for comprehension of the spatial organization and relationship between physiological and biochemical data, and the molecular machinery that is promptly being explained through molecular techniques directed at the genome, transcriptome and proteome. For this reason, new morphological and physiological studies of fish would broaden the knowledge pertaining to these animals, with remarkable and interesting applicability both in basic and applied research.
This Special Issue will attempt to provide information regarding the relevance of morphological studies and of their relationships with functions in fish
Effects of oregano aqueous extract on defence ability of pig gut
No full textDifferent studies in the last years have focused on use of natural compounds from herbs and spices as an alternative to synthetic additives in order to avoid the growing problem of antibiotic resistance. Among officinal plants Origanum vulgare L., belonging to Lamiaceae family, has been shown to possess antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, antiparasitic, antiviral, anti-hyperglycemic, anti-cholinesterase, diaphoretic, carminative, antispasmodic and analgesic activities, which are mainly attributed to its components carvacrol, limonene, gamma-caryophyllene, rhocymenene, camphor, linalol, alpha-pinene and thymol. Among oregano properties, the antioxidant and the antibacterial ones are of special interest. Oregano is also able to induce a higher glycoconjugate production. Secretion glycoconjugates cover the intestinal mucosae creating a continuous gel layer, which performs various functions: lubrication, barrier for certain low molecular weight solutes, proteolytic degradation and a barrier for microorganisms and parasites. On the basis of above considerations, this work is aimed to evaluate the effects of oregano aqueous extract (OAE) dietary supplementation on pig gut complex carbohydrates, detected by conventional histochemistry, and oxidative stress, using as target molecule Bcl-2 Associate X protein (BAX). Glycohistochemical and immunohistochemical treatments were carried out on four gut tracts: duodenum, ileum, caecum and colon. Glycohistochemistry was performed by staining with Periodic acid-Schiff (PAS), Alcian blue (AB) pH 2.5, AB-PAS, AB pH 1, AB pH 0.5, low iron diamine, high iron diamine. Adjacent serial sections were pre-treated with Sialidase V before staining with AB pH 2.5 preceded or not by saponification with 1% KOH in 70% ethanol to remove the acetyl groups. Positive histochemical responses were found at goblet cell level in all examined gut tracts; duodenal glands were also reactive. The data analysis evidenced significant differences to the histochemical treatment reactivity between control and oregano supplemented groups. BAX immunostaining decreased in oregano supplemented group. Our results showed that oregano aqueous extract supplementation improves the production of the glycoconjugates able to enhance the protection of the pig intestinal mucosae; in addition, it reduced BAX immunostaining, suggesting an enhanced antioxidant action in oregano supplemented group. Finding from this experiment could be useful for carrying out studies aimed to reduce antibiotic use and prevent antimicrobial resistance, enhancing endogenous defence ability
How the psychiatrists of a Mental Health Department managed their patients before an attempted suicide: a survey
No full textAims: The aim of this survey was to describe patients in care at a large mental health department in northern Italy who attempted suicide, and the clinical management adopted by their psychiatrists before the event.
Methods: Data collection was based on a questionnaire administered to the reference psychiatrists.
Results: Over a period of 12 months, 166 catchment area residents attempted suicide. Sixty-six (40%) had contacted the mental health department in the previous two years and completed data were obtained on 63. Twenty-nine (46%) suffered from mood, 26 (41%) from personality and 11 (18%) from schizophrenic disorders. Thirty-four attempts occurred within one year of psychiatric ward discharge, mostly in the first quarter.
The reference psychiatrists reported that, at the last evaluation, 38 of 63 patients (60%) presented no change in clinical conditions, and 41 of 63 (68%) were considered at no immediate risk of suicide. Most of the attempted suicides in question (45, 72%) were judged to be unpreventable. In the two logistic regression analyses carried out, no independent variables were able to statistically significantly explain the variance in judged suicidal risk or the preventability of the index attempted suicide.
Conclusions: According to the psychiatrists' descriptions of their last contact with the patients, most attempted suicides have not been preceded by a change in clinical conditions. Moreover, psychiatrists, irrespective of their age and gender, and of patient diagnosis, frequently judged the attempts to have been unpreventable
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