207 research outputs found
Is There Market Power in the French Comte Cheese Market?
Get PDFAn NEIO approach is used to measure seller market power in the French Comté cheese market, characterised by government-approved supply control. The estimation is performed on quarterly data at the wholesale stage over the period 1985-2005. Three different elasticity shifters are included in the demand specification, and the supply equation accounts for the existence of the European dairy quota policy. The market power estimate is small and statistically insignificant. Monopoly is rejected, as well as weak forms of Cournot oligopoly. Results appear to be robust to the choice of functional form, and suggest little effect of the supply control scheme on consumer prices.Supply control, NEIO, protected designation of origin, Marketing,
The Role of Health and Health Promotion in Labour Force Participation
Get PDFDuring the last century, the combined effects of improvements in living and working
conditions and advances in medicine and health care have led to a consistently increasing
life expectancy in the European Union. In 2007 in the EU, the life expectancy of a
newborn boy at birth was 76.1 years and of a newborn girl 82.2 years. Life expectancy
is, however, not equally distributed in society. Persons with a lower level of education,
a lower occupational class, or a lower level of income tend to die at younger age, and
to have, within their shorter lives, a higher prevalence of all kinds of health problems.
This leads to tremendous differences between socioeconomic groups in the number of
years that persons can expect to live in good health. In Europe, differences in healthy
life expectancy typically amount to 10 years or more, counted from birth. According
to many, such differences in health are unacceptable, and represent one of Europe’s
greatest challenges for public health.
Unemployed persons are a specific socioeconomically disadvantaged group. The
relationship between unemployment and poor health has been well established,
as demonstrated by a higher prevalence of illness and disability and a higher
mortality among unemployed persons. Selection and causation may contribute to
these inequalities in health among employed and unemployed persons. Selection may
act through two different pathways: workers with a poor health may be more likely to
leave the labour force, and unemployed persons with a poor health may be less likely
to enter the workforce. Causation may also act in two different ways. Leaving the
workforce may have a negative influence on health of the ex-workers. The other way
around, gaining paid employment may have a positive influence on health.
Paragraph 1.2 (Health and Work) gives an overview of the current state of knowledge
concerning the influence of health on entering or leaving the workforce. Paragraph 1.3
(Work and Health) is focused on the effect of gaining paid employment on health.
Paragraph 1.4 (Health promotion among the unemployed) describes the current
evidence on the effectiveness of health promotion interventions among unemployed
persons for re-employment
Dutch Author Recognition Test
No full textPaper version of the Dutch Author Recognition Test (DART) and the scoring for
Sustainable Employability among Vulnerable Groups: The role of health promotion and working conditions
No full textThis thesis concerns research on sustainable employability among vulnerable groups. The aims were 1) to study the impact of selection and causation mechanisms in explaining socioeconomic inequalities in health and employment, and 2) to investigate the impact of improvements in working conditions and health promotion on health of workers
Strategies to investigate the cost-effectiveness of employment measures in a non-experimental setting
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Poor Health as Cause and Consequence of Prolonged Unemployment: Mechanisms, Interventions, and Policy Recommendations
No full text"Equation missing" : A Cross-Platform Programming Framework for Quantum-Accelerated Scientific Computing
No full textThis paper introduces a new cross-platform programming framework for developing quantum-accelerated scientific computing applications and executing them on most of today’s cloud-based quantum computers and simulators. It makes use of C++ template meta-programming techniques to implement quantum algorithms as generic, platform-independent expressions, which get automatically synthesized into device-specific compute kernels upon execution. Our software framework supports concurrent and asynchronous execution of multiple quantum kernels via a CUDA-inspired stream concept.Accepted Author ManuscriptNumerical Analysi
The benefits of paid employment among persons with common mental health problems: Evidence for the selection and causation mechanism
Get PDFObjectives The aims of this study were to (i) investigate the impact of paid employment on self-rated health, self-esteem, mastery, and happiness among previously unemployed persons with common mental health problems, and (ii) determine whether there are educational inequalities in these effects. Methods A quasi-experimental study was performed with a two-year follow-up period among unemployed persons with mental health problems. Eligible participants were identified at the social services departments of five cities in The Netherlands when being diagnosed with a common mental disorder, primarily depression and anxiety disorders, in the past 12 months by a physician (N=749). Employment status (defined as paid employment for ≥12 hours/week), mental health [Short Form 12 (SF-12)], physical health (SF-12), self-esteem, mastery, and happiness were measured at baseline, after 12 months and 24 months. The repeated-measurement longitudinal data were analyzed using a hybrid method, combining fixed and random effects. The regression coefficient was decomposed into between-and within-individual associations, respectively. Results The between-individuals associations showed that persons working ≥12 hours per week reported better mental health (b=26.7, SE 5.1), mastery (b=2.7, SE 0.6), self-esteem (b=5.7, SE 1.1), physical health (b=14.6, SE 5.6) and happiness (OR 7.7, 95% CI 2.3–26.4). The within-individual associations showed that entering paid employment for ≥12 hours per week resulted in better mental health (b=16.3, SE 3.4), mastery (b=1.7, SE 0.4), self-esteem (b=3.4, SE 0.7), physical health (b=9.8, SE 2.9), and happiness (OR 3.1, 95% CI 1.4–6.9). Among intermediate-and high-educated persons, entering paid employment had significantly larger effect on mental health than among low-educated persons. Conclusions This study provides evidence that entering paid employment has a positive impact on self-reported health; thus work should be considered as an important part of health promotion programs among unemployed persons
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