104 research outputs found
Dataset Environmental Land Lease Contracts
No full textThis dataset contains the data behind the figures of Van Rosmalen, R., Harmanny, K.S., Schulp, C.J.E. (2024) Impact of environmental land lease contract specification on implementation of nature-inclusive farming. Open Research Europe Submitted. This includes model code and raw output data
The carbon copy of human activities : how long-term land use explains spatial variability of soil organic carbon stocks at multiple scales
No full textThe carbon copy of human activities - how long-term land use explains spatial variability of soil organic carbon stocks at multiple scales
Characteristics of European Cultural Landscapes
No full textRange of data originally assembled for:
Tieskens, K.F., Schulp, C.J.E., Levers, C., Lieskovský, J., Kuemmerle, T., Plieninger, T., Verburg, P.H., 2017. Characterizing European cultural landscapes: Accounting for structure, management intensity and value of agricultural and forest landscapes. Land use policy 62, 29–39
Landscape stewardship and hunting, angling and gathering wild products
No full textAround ten thousand years ago, people around the globe began domesticating plants and animals. People initiated selective harvesting of plants with convenient features, such as providing large fruits or having pulses that don’t open up too easily, started systematic planting, manuring and watering (Fresco 2012). This slowly provided people with a stable food supply - people moved away from hunter-gatherers towards a sedentary lifestyle. During this ten-thousand-year process, the importance of food collected from the wild continuously decreased. Cultivation allowed for better quality control, closer distance to places where food was to be collected and higher yields, leading to lower time investment for food acquisition (Schulp et al. 2014a). Nevertheless, gathered wild edible plants, mushrooms, fish and game continued to contribute to people’s diet (Turner et al. 2011). Collecting wild food has been a necessity throughout Europe up to the Second World War for ensuring a varied diet with sufficient variation and vitamins and to collect herbs to conserve food (Schulp et al. 2014a). During times of famine or war, wild food remained a necessary source of nutrients up to the 1990s, e.g. during the Spanish Civil War (Menendez-Baceta et al. 2012) or the siege of Sarajevo (Redzic 2010). Nowadays, in at least seventeen European countries, a wide variety of plants, mushrooms and game is still collected from the wild for consumption (Schulp et al. 2014a). ‘Wild’ refers to species that are not cultivated. For plants and mushrooms, this mainly includes native species that grow in their natural habitat or in semi-natural, recently abandoned or other rural habitats or urban areas (Poe et al. 2013). Wild food gatherers and local land managers change the land cover, land use or landscape structure through gathering or to facilitate gathering. At the same time, the landscape is an important factor enabling wild food gathering (Schulp et al. 2014a). Wild food gathering and consumption connects people to the landscape in an implicit way and makes them aware of the landscape functioning. The act of gathering wild food and landscape management activities thus can be considered landscape stewardship. Over the past three decades, researchers observed two diverging trends on wild food gathering and related landscape stewardship. On the one hand, traditional wild food gathering practices are eroding, potentially leading to a loss of traditional knowledge on wild food products (Pardo-de-Santayana et al. 2007)
Wild Food Data
No full textData from Schulp et al. (2014). Wild food in Europe: a synthesis of knowledge and data of terrestrial wild food as an ecosystem service. Ecological Economics 105: 292-305.
Wild food is an iconic ecosystem service that, until recently, received little attention in quantifying, valuating and mapping studies, due to the perceived low importance or due to lack of data. We synthesized available data on the importance of wild food as ecosystem service, its spatial distribution and relations between supply, demand and benefits in the European Union (EU), covering game, mushrooms, and vascular plants.
This data package contains maps of the supply and demand of key wild edible game, mushroom, and vascular plant species in the European Union and a list of all species that are consumed in the European Union. A readme with data details is included
Characterizing European cultural landscapes: Accounting for structure, management intensity and value of agricultural and forest landscapes
No full textAlmost all rural areas in Europe have been shaped or altered by humans and can be considered cultural landscapes, many of which now are considered to entail valuable cultural heritage. Current dynamics in land management have put cultural landscapes under a huge pressure of agricultural intensification and land abandonment. To prevent the loss of cultural landscapes, knowledge on the location of different types of cultural landscapes is needed. In this paper, we present a characterization of European cultural landscapes based on the prevalence of three key dimensions of cultural landscapes: landscape structure, management intensity, and value and meaning. We mapped these dimensions across Europe at a 1-km resolution by combining proxies on management intensity and landscape structure with new indicators such as social media usage and registered traditional food products. We integrated the three dimensions into a continuous “cultural landscape index” that allows for a characterization of Europe’s rural landscapes. The characterization identifies hotspots of cultural landscapes, where all three dimensions are present, such as in the Mediterranean. On the other hand, Eastern and Northern European cultural landscapes are mostly characterized by only one of the dimensions. Our paper can help to identify pressures to cultural landscapes and thus to target measures for the conservation of these landscapes, to link similar landscapes in different regions, and to inform policy design on the most important characteristics of cultural landscapes at a regional scale.This text is a preprint. Please cite as: Tieskens K.F., C.J.E. Schulp, C. Levers, J. Lieskovsky, T. Kuemmerle, T. Plieninger, P.H. Verburg (2016): Characterizing European cultural landscapes: Accounting for structure, management intensity and value of agricultural and forest landscapes. Land Use Policy 62: 29–39. The original publication is available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2016.12.00
No net loss data
No full textSpatial data from Schulp et al. (2016). A quantitative assessment of policy options for no net loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services in the European Union. Land Use Policy. (in press).
The Biodiversity Strategy of the European Union includes a target to “ensure no-net-loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services by 2020”. Many policy options can be envisioned to achieve such a no-net-loss target, mainly acting on land use and land management. To assess the effectiveness of such policies at a European Union (EU) scale, we simulated land use changes and their impacts on biodiversity and ecosystem services indicators.
This data package contains maps of the ecosystem services: crop production, climate regulation, erosion protection, pollination, and recreation, and the biodiversity indicators connectivity, total bird species richness, farmland bird species richness, and non-farmland bird species richness, in the years 2000 and 2020 in four scenarios. A full explanation is included in the readme
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