46,929 research outputs found
Climate change to offset improvements in watershed acid-base status provided by Clean Air Act and Amendments: A model application in Shenandoah National Park, Virginia
No full textThis dataset contains parameter files, input files, and output files for application of the PnET-BGC model to the White Oak Run (WOR1) watershed in Shenandoah National Park, Virginia. This model application is described in the manuscript :
Robison, A. L., & Scanlon, T. M. (2018). Climate change to offset improvements
in watershed acid-base status provided by Clean Air Act and Amendments: A model application in Shenandoah National Park, Virginia. Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences,123. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018JG004519
Reason, Justification, and Contractualism – Themes from Scanlon
No full textThis book collects major original essays developed from lectures given at the award of the Lauener Prize 2016 to T. M. Scanlon for his outstanding oeuvre in Analytical philosophy. In "Contractualism and Justification," Scanlon identifies some difficulties in his theory and explores possible ways to deal with them. In "Improving Scanlon's Contractualism," D. Parfit recommends revisions and extensions of Scanlon's theory, while R. Forst suggests in "Justification Fundamentalism" that Scanlon may want to replace reason with justification as his foundational concept. T. Nagel raises fundamental questions concerning "Moral Reality and Moral Progress," and S. Mantel offers in "On How to Explain Rational Motivation" a critical discussion of Scanlon's cognitivist theory of motivation. Z. Stemplowska does the same for Scanlon's conception of responsibility in "Substantive Responsibility and the Causal Thesis," and S. Olsaretti suggests in "Equality of Opportunity and Justified Inequalities" an alternative to Scanlon's arguments against economic inequalities. All contributors receive extensive replies by Scanlon. For anyone interested in Scanlon's seminal work in moral and political philosophy, the present volume is utterly indispensable
Reason, Justification, and Contractualism: Themes from Scanlon Lauener library of analytical philosophy ;, 7./ edited by Michael Frauchiger, Markus Stepanians.
No full textIn English.Includes bibliographical references and index.This book collects major original essays developed from lectures given at the award of the Lauener Prize 2016 to T. M. Scanlon for his outstanding oeuvre in Analytical philosophy. In "Contractualism and Justification," Scanlon identifies some difficulties in his theory and explores possible ways to deal with them. In "Improving Scanlon's Contractualism," D. Parfit recommends revisions and extensions of Scanlon's theory, while R. Forst suggests in "Justification Fundamentalism" that Scanlon may want to replace reason with justification as his foundational concept. T. Nagel raises fundamental questions concerning "Moral Reality and Moral Progress," and S. Mantel offers in "On How to Explain Rational Motivation" a critical discussion of Scanlon's cognitivist theory of motivation. Z. Stemplowska does the same for Scanlon's conception of responsibility in "Substantive Responsibility and the Causal Thesis," and S. Olsaretti suggests in "Equality of Opportunity and Justified Inequalities" an alternative to Scanlon's arguments against economic inequalities. All contributors receive extensive replies by Scanlon. For anyone interested in Scanlon's seminal work in moral and political philosophy, the present volume is utterly indispensable.Instead of an Introduction: Scanlon's Project -- Deontological Communitarianism. Laudation for Thomas M. Scanlon -- Contractualism and Justification -- Justification Fundamentalism: A Discourse-Theoretical Interpretation of Scanlon's Contractualism -- On How to Explain Rational Motivation: Where Internalism and Externalism Meet -- Moral Reality and Moral Progress -- Equality of Opportunity and Justified Inequalities: How the Family Can Be on Equality's Side -- Improving Scanlon's Contractualism -- Substantive Responsibility and the Causal Thesis -- Responses to Forst, Mantel, Nagel, Olsaretti, Parfit, and Stemplowska1 online resource (X, 160 p.)
Rapid manufacturing technique used in the development of a regenerative pump impeller
No full textThis paper presents a method of rapid manufacture used in the development of a regenerative pump impeller. Rapid manufacturing technology was used to create complex impeller blade profiles for testing as part of a regenerative pump optimisation process. Regenerative pumps are the subject of increased interest in industry. Ten modified impeller blade profiles, from the standard radial configuration, were evaluated with the use of computational fluid dynamics and experimental testing. Prototype impellers were needed for experimental validation of the CFD results. The manufacture of the complex blade profiles using conventional milling techniques is a considerable challenge for skilled machinists. The complexity of the modified blade profiles would normally necessitate the use of expensive CNC machining with 5 axis capability. With an impeller less than 75 mm in diameter and a maximum blade thickness of 1.3mm, a rapid manufacturing technique enabled production of complex blade profiles that were dimensionally accurate and structurally robust enough for testing. As more advanced rapid prototyping machines become available in the study in the future, e.g. 3D photopolymer jetting machine, the quality of the parts particularly in terms of surface finish will improve and the amount of post processing operations will reduce. This technique offers the possibility to produce components of increased complexity whilst ensuring quality, strength, performance and speed of manufacture. The ability to manufacture complex blade profiles that are robust enough for testing, in a rapid and cost effective manner is proving essential in the overall design optimisation process for the pump
Sensitivity analysis of a source partitioning method for H2O and CO2 fluxes based on high frequency eddy covariance data : Findings from field data and large eddy simulations
No full textScanlon and Sahu (2008) and Scanlon and Kustas (2010) proposed a source partitioning method (SK10 in the following) to estimate contributions of transpiration, evaporation, photosynthesis, and respiration to H2O and CO2 fluxes obtained by the eddy covariance method. High frequency eddy covariance raw data time series are needed, and the source partitioning is estimated based on separate application of the flux-variance similarity theory to stomatal and non-stomatal components of the regarded fluxes, as well as on additional assumptions on leaf-level water use efficiency (WUE). We applied SK10 to data from two test sites (forest and cropland) and analyzed partitioning results depending on various ways to estimate WUE from available data. Also, we conducted large eddy simulations (LES), simulating the turbulent transport of H2O and CO2 for contrasting vertical distributions of the canopy sinks/sources, as well as for varying relative magnitudes of soil sources and canopy sinks/sources. SK10 was applied to the synthetic high frequency data generated by LES and the effects of canopy type, measurement height, given sink-source-distributions, and input of varying WUEs were tested regarding the partitioning performance. SK10 requires that the correlation coefficient between stomatal and non-stomatal scalar fluctuations is determined by the ratio of the transfer efficiencies of these scalar components, an assumption (transfer assumption in the following) that could be tested with the generated LES data. The partitioning results of the field sites yielded satisfactory flux fractions, when fair-weather conditions (no precipitation) and a high productive state of the vegetation were present. Further, partitioning performance with regard to soil fluxes increased with crop maturity. Results also showed relatively large dependencies on WUE, where the partitioning factors (median) changed by around -57% and +36%. Measurements of outgoing longwave radiation used for the estimation of foliage temperature and WUE could slightly increase the plausibility of the partitioning results in comparison to soil respiration measurements by decreasing the partitioning factor by up to 42%. The LES-based analysis revealed that for a satisfying performance of SK10, a certain degree of decorrelation of the H2O and CO2 fluctuations (here, |ρq'c’| < 0.975) was needed. This decorrelation is enhanced by a clear separation between soil sources and canopy sinks/sources, and for observations within the roughness sublayer. The expected dependence of the partitioning results on the WUE input could be observed. However, due to violation of the abovementioned transfer assumption, the known true input WUE did not yield the known true input partitioning. This could only be achieved after introducing correction factors for the transfer assumption, which were known however only in the special case of the LES experiments
Nonstandard Meromorphic Groups
No full textAbstractExtending the work of [A. Pillay, T. Scanlon, Meromorphic groups, Trans. AMS 355 (10) (2003) 3843–3859] on groups definable in compact complex manifolds and of [M. Aschenbrenner, R. Moosa, T. Scanlon, Groups in the theory of compact complex spaces, 2005] on strongly minimal groups definable in nonstandard compact complex manifolds, we classify all groups definable in nonstandard compact complex manifolds showing that if G is such a group then there are a linear algebraic group L, a definably compact group T, and definable exact sequence 1→L→G→T→1
J. Finnis, J.-J. Thomson, M. Tooley, R. Wertheimer, The Rights and Wrongs of Abortion, coll. « Philosophy and Public Affairs », (éd. M. Cohen, T. Nagel, T. Scanlon), Princeton University Press, Princeton, 1974
No full textJ. Finnis, J.-J. Thomson, M. Tooley, R. Wertheimer, The Rights and Wrongs of Abortion, coll. « Philosophy and Public Affairs », (éd. M. Cohen, T. Nagel, T. Scanlon), Princeton University Press, Princeton, 1974. In: Revue d'histoire et de philosophie religieuses, 55e année n°3,1975. p. 465
J. Finnis, J.-J. Thomson, M. Tooley, R. Wertheimer, The Rights and Wrongs of Abortion, coll. « Philosophy and Public Affairs », (éd. M. Cohen, T. Nagel, T. Scanlon), Princeton University Press, Princeton, 1974
No full textJ. Finnis, J.-J. Thomson, M. Tooley, R. Wertheimer, The Rights and Wrongs of Abortion, coll. « Philosophy and Public Affairs », (éd. M. Cohen, T. Nagel, T. Scanlon), Princeton University Press, Princeton, 1974. In: Revue d'histoire et de philosophie religieuses, 55e année n°3,1975. p. 465
On the importance of accurate depiction of infiltration processes on modelled soil moisture and vegetation water stress
No full textThe description of soil moisture dynamics is a challenging problem for the hydrological community, as it is governed by complex interactions between climate, soil and vegetation. Recent research has achieved significant advances in the description of temporal dynamics of soil water balance through the use of a stochastic differential equation proposed by Laio et al. (2001). The assumptions of the Laio et al. model simplify the mathematical form of the soil water loss functions and the infiltration process. In particular, runoff occurs only for saturation excess, the probability distribution function (PDF) of which is well-represented by a simple expression, but the model does not consider the limited infiltration capacity of soil. In the present work, we extend the soil moisture model to include limitations on soil infiltration capacity with the aim of understanding the impact of varying infiltration processes on the soil water balance and vegetation stress. A comparison between the two models (the original version and the modified one) is carried out via numerical simulations. The limited infiltration capacity influences the soil moisture PDF by reducing its mean and variance. Major changes in the PDFs are found for climates characterized by storms of short duration and high rainfall intensity, as well as in humid climates and in cases where soils have moderate permeability (e.g. loam and clay soils). In the case of limited infiltration capacity, modifications to the dynamics of soil moisture generally lead to higher amounts of vegetation water stress. An investigation of the role of soil texture on vegetation water stress demonstrates that loam soil provides the most favorable condition for plant-growth under arid and semi-arid conditions, while vegetation may benefit from the presence of more permeable soils (e.g. loamy sand) in humid climates
The Diversity of Objections to Inequality
No full textThis is the text of The Lindley Lecture for 1996, given by T.M. Scanlon, an American philosopher
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