103 research outputs found
The relationship between depression and chronotype: A longitudinal assessment during childhood and adolescence
No full textBackground/Objective
During adolescence, chronotype shifts towards “eveningness.” “Eveningness” is related to negative physical and mental health outcomes. Little is known about what influences the shift in chronotype beyond pubertal status. The current study examined the influence of earlier depression predicting later individual differences in adolescent chronotype, accounting for pubertal status, and the prospective prediction of later increases in depression from earlier chronotype.
Methods
Youth (age M=12.06, SD=2.35; 56.5% girls) from the community completed repeated assessments of depression, including both self-reports (14 assessments) and diagnostic interviews (8 assessments), over a 48-month period. At the 36-month time-point, participants completed chronotype and pubertal development measures. Regression and ANOVA analyses examined: (1) the influence of earlier depression levels (baseline to 36-months) upon chronotype, and (2) chronotype (at 36 months) upon later depression (48 months).
Results
Youth with higher earlier depression symptoms (β=-.347, p<.001) and history of depression diagnosis (β=-.13, p=.045) showed a greater eveningness preference controlling for pubertal status, age and gender. Further, depression diagnosis history interacted with pubertal status to predict chronotype: (F(1,243)=4.171, p=.045) such that the influence of depression on chronotype was greatest among postpubertal youth (t=3.271, p=.002). Chronotype (greater eveningness preference) predicted prospective increases in depression symptoms (β=-.16, p=.03) and onset of depressive episode (b=-.085, OR=.92, p=.03) one year later.
Conclusion
Depression, experienced earlier in life, predicts greater preference for eveningness, especially among postpubertal youth. In turn, later depression is predicted by evening preference. These findings suggest the reciprocal interplay between mood and biological rhythms, especially depression and chronotype, during adolescence.Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'Closed Access', the embargo will last until 2019-12-01The student, Dustin Haraden, accepted the attached license on 2017-12-12 at 16:34.The student, Dustin Haraden, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2017-12-12 at 16:40.This Thesis was approved for publication on 2017-12-13 at 08:22.DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #11961 on 2018-03-13 at 10:38:25Made available in DSpace on 2018-03-13T17:35:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2
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A Case Study of Salami Slicing: Pooled Analyses of Duloxetine for Depression
No full textBACKGROUND: Publishing separate, yet very similar pieces of a single dataset across multiple papers is known as 'salami slicing'. This practice may be motivated by researchers wishing to increase their publication counts and by the desire to increase exposure of their findings. 'Salami slicing' may also be used by the drug industry to help widely disseminate positive findings regarding its products. Journal editors across many scientific disciplines have bemoaned such duplicative publications on several occasions. However, little research has been conducted on the frequency of such publication practices, and findings have been inconsistent. No research has investigated whether 'salami slicing' may also occur in publications presenting results from pooled analyses of clinical trials. METHODS: We examined the scientific literature on duloxetine as a treatment for depression, examining how data from clinical trials were reported across 43 pooled analyses. RESULTS: The vast majority of pooled analyses (88%) had at least one author who was employed by the manufacturer of duloxetine. Several pooled analyses based on highly overlapping clinical trials presented efficacy and safety data that did not answer unique research questions, and thus appeared to qualify as salami publications. Six clinical trials had their data utilized as part of 20 or more separately published pooled analyses. CONCLUSIONS: Such redundant publications add little to scientific understanding and represent a poor use of peer reviewer and editorial resources
We Leave in Peace
No full textA soldier steps up when members of his unit are wounded.
Articles, stories, and other compositions in this archive were written by participants in the Mighty Pen Project. The program, developed by author David L. Robbins, and in partnership with Virginia Commonwealth University and the Virginia War Memorial in Richmond, Virginia, offers veterans and their family members a customized twelve-week writing class, free of charge. The program encourages, supports, and assists participants in sharing their stories and experiences of military experience so both writer and audience may benefit
Mythology Under the Mountain
No full textA verse perspective on returning home from overseas and trying to acclimate to civilian life.
Articles, stories, and other compositions in this archive were written by participants in the Mighty Pen Project. The program, developed by author David L. Robbins, and in partnership with Virginia Commonwealth University and the Virginia War Memorial in Richmond, Virginia, offers veterans and their family members a customized twelve-week writing class, free of charge. The program encourages, supports, and assists participants in sharing their stories and experiences of military experience so both writer and audience may benefit
TYFYS
No full textOur narrator humorously recounts an uncomfortable conversation in a grocery store, and reflects on the complicated phrase Thank you for your service.
Articles, stories, and other compositions in this archive were written by participants in the Mighty Pen Project. The program, developed by author David L. Robbins, and in partnership with Virginia Commonwealth University and the Virginia War Memorial in Richmond, Virginia, offers veterans and their family members a customized twelve-week writing class, free of charge. The program encourages, supports, and assists participants in sharing their stories and experiences of military experience so both writer and audience may benefit
Growth, prosperity, and inequality after the great recession: A regionalist cultural political economy of Chicagoland
No full textIn the 2010s, major public, civic, and private institutions began to promote new regional planning and coordination projects in the Chicago region. Shortly after the recovery from the 2007-8 economic crash began, regionalist institutions in the Chicago metropolitan area formed a series of new public-private partnerships, technical assistance programs, and community development projects meant to serve as new solutions to socio-economic inequality and stunted economic growth in the Chicago region. Common areas of focus in this new Chicagoland regionalism included industrial policy support for legacy manufacturing industries, financing for infrastructure, and service consolidation across municipal and county boundaries. This dissertation looks into the political strategies concerning the how and why of the new regional push in Chicagoland, split into three manuscripts (chapters 2, 3 and 3) on components of Chicagoland regionalism that hold broader significance for regional planning and regional coordination in the twenty-first century: (i) A new project shared among regionalist institutions to organize support for legacy industries in the region, and the re-incorporation of “productive” industries into the imperative for city-regions to “globalize.” (ii) The deep history of regional planning in the Chicago region, and the ways in which policy agendas and political ideologies specific to the region are deployed and reproduced across generations. (iii) Regionalist institutions’ formulation of new regional imaginaries in the 2010s and their political strategies for securing public and private sector support for new regionalist projects.
Out of the three chapters, a model of regionalist cultural political economy (rCPE) is formed that is meant to facilitate geographic investigation into the creation of regionalisms by intersecting networks from the public, private, and civic sectors of specific-city-regions, and the ways in which regional actors impose local/regional imperatives onto broader policy trends.Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'Closed Access', the embargo will last until 2022-05-01The student, Donald Planey, accepted the attached license on 2020-03-11 at 14:32.The student, Donald Planey, submitted this Dissertation for approval on 2020-03-11 at 14:38.This Dissertation was approved for publication on 2020-03-13 at 15:37.DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #14894 on 2020-08-25 at 17:39:00Made available in DSpace on 2020-08-27T00:46:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 3
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Morphology of mitochondria and cell respiration,pt.1.
No full textTo reveal the mechanism of liver damage by taking CCl4 the author observed the liver tissues from rats at 1.5, 5, 6, 10, 17, 20, and 22 hours after the CCl4 administration, both by light microscope and electron-microscope. 1. Light microscope observation revealed the swelling of liver cells in the carly stage, the appearance of centrolobular fatty degeneration, focal degeneration area and the appearance of balloon cells, with the circulatory disturbances in accompanying stages and hemorrhage in the later stage. 2. Electron-microscope observation revealed the swelling of mitochondria, appearance of the files of thin ER's in the early stage and the regeneration and degeneration of mitochondria with an increase of microbodies in number. Fat droplets are developed from small ones probably from some microbodies without correlation with mitochondria. 3. From these observations the author is of the opinion that CCl4 arrests the cells at first inducing the swelling of cells and their mitochondria, but later the degenerative changes will become severe being complicated by the anoxia which is induced by the circulatory disturbances caused by the compression of vessels with the swollen cells.</p
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THE FUNCTIONALITY OF REBOOTS
No full textThis thesis attempts to better understand how film reboots empower fans by offering unique insight as critiques of the original texts and by displacing hierarchies amongst audience, critic, and author. My hypothesis is that reboots, as an act of adaptation, allow audience members of the original franchise to become authors, in this case screenwriters. By extension these screenwriters become critics by highlighting, expanding, or even disregarding themes found in the original film series. This complicates the reboot beyond a simple capitalistic venture to make money and invites us to consider the way they position and displace interactants to better foster critical engagement with works of art, specifically films
Establishing the relationships among carcass characteristics and meat quality traits of pork
No full textBarrows and gilts (N=1238) with the same genetic background, housing, and management were raised under commercial conditions and marketed when the average pig weight in a pen reached 138 kg. Pigs were slaughtered over 7 weeks in a commercial processing facility. Carcass length was measured on the left side of each carcass from the anterior of the aitch bone to the anterior of the first rib at 1-d postmortem. Carcasses were fabricated and boneless Canadian back loins (IMPS #414) were vacuum-packaged and transported to the University of Illinois Meat Science Laboratory. At the end of the 14-d aging period, loins were weighed, measured for stretched length (stretched to maximum length without distortion), compressed length (compressed to minimum length without distortion) and sliced into 2.54cm chops using a Treif Puma slicer. Complete boneless chops were counted and ends and incomplete chops were weighed. From the initial population, 286 boneless loins (NAMP #414) were further selected based on instrumental L* color and extractable lipid content resulting in a 5 x 6 factorial arrangement of treatments. Using these values, chops were also assigned a quality grade using the newly developed National Pork Board (NPB) quality grade standards. Low (n = 33) quality includes loins with color scores 4.0 with marbling scores ≥ 2.0. Chops were assigned to sensory panel sessions in an incomplete block arrangement, cooked to a medium-rare degree-of-doneness (63 °C) and evaluated for tenderness, juiciness, and pork flavor by trained sensory panelists. Slice shear force (SSF) and cooking loss were also determined from each loin cooked to 63 °C.
Data were analyzed using the REG procedure in SAS and the effect of NPB quality grade was analyzed using the MIXED procedure in SAS as a one-way ANOVA where quality grade was considered a fixed effect. Carcass length varied from a minimum of 78.2 cm to a maximum of 96.5 cm. Boneless loin yield varied from a minimum of 13 chops to a maximum of 20 chops. Carcass length explained 15% (P < 0.0001) of the variation in boneless loin chop yield. Loin weight explained 33% (P < 0.0001) of the variation in boneless loin chop yield. Compressed loin length explained 28% (P < 0.0001) of the variation in boneless loin chop yield. Stretched loin length explained only 9% (P < 0.0001) of the variation in boneless loin chop yield. The combination of loin weight and compressed loin length was able to explain 39.3% (P < 0.0001; C(p) = 12.399) of the variation in boneless loin chop yield using a required F statistic at the SLENTRY and SLSTAY level = 0.15. Instrumental L* color score ranged from 43.11 to 57.60 and extractable lipid ranged from 0.80% to 5.52%. Extractable lipid content and instrumental chop color individually accounted for a maximum of 2% (R2 = 0.02) of the variation of tenderness, juiciness or pork flavor. Chops categorized as NPB high quality (SSF = 17.50 kg) were 6.5% more tender (P≤ 0.02) than chops categorized as medium (SSF = 18.68 kg) and 11.2% more tender then chops categorized as low quality (SSF = 19.59 kg), but medium and low quality chops did not differ in SSF. However, trained sensory panelists did not discern tenderness differences (P = 0.13) among NPB quality grades. Juiciness (P = 0.43) and flavor (P = 0.11) scores did not differ among NPB quality grades. Cook loss tended (P = 0.06) to decrease from 16.86% to 15.32% as quality grade increased.
Overall, carcass length is a poor predictor of boneless loin chop yield. However, using boneless loin parameters such as boneless loin weight and compressed loin length may be more predictive of the number of chops produced from a boneless pork loin. Further, when color or marbling was used as a single trait, it was not predictive of sensory quality. However, using these traits in combination such as with the NPB quality grades may result in differences in sensory quality between pork loins.Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'Closed Access', the embargo will last until 2018-12-01The student, Kyle Wilson, accepted the attached license on 2016-12-07 at 10:10.The student, Kyle Wilson, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2016-12-07 at 10:27.This Thesis was approved for publication on 2016-12-08 at 16:48.DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #10464 on 2017-02-28 at 14:43:21Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-01T17:02:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2
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Beyond Congress\u27s Reach: Constitutional Aspects of Inherent Power
No full textThis article examines Article III judicial power and other independent court powers implied by Article III’s grand of judicial power along with the limits on Congress’s power to tamper with them. The author proposes that the Anti-Terrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act (AEDPA), as interpreted by some lower courts, impermissibly interferes with the traditionally inherent power to vacate judgments for fraud on the court
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