1,436,470 research outputs found
Current practices of Saudi corporate governance: A case for reform
No full textThis thesis was submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy and awarded by Brunel University.One of the most debated issues is that of corporate governance. The topic has been investigated by scholars from several scientific fields including the legal. Indeed, corporate governance has been examined by a great number of law scholars, with particular regards to the improvement of various aspects. For example, effective corporate governance focuses on protecting and advancing aspects related to shareholders’ rights, the board of directors and corporations’ internal and external audit systems. The main objective of this research is to suggest reformation to the Saudi corporate governance framework in order to achieve satisfactory corporate governance practices. The second purpose of the research is to investigate the current practices involved in Saudi corporate governance arrangements. The final aim is to determine how a Saudi corporate governance framework would most benefit corporate governance from the Islamic perspective. This study intends to provide a regulatory analysis to influence those regulations that should be implemented to adjust corporate governance practices as they affect the Saudi capital market. The researcher found that Saudi corporate governance has been promulgated in accordance with principles of on-going international corporate governance. Alternatively, the Islamic perspective on corporate governance has been debated more recently, as an idea that needs to be progressed in order to provide associated benefits to the corporate governance framework in Saudi Arabia. Therefore, Saudi corporate governance provisions can be seen as based largely on positive man-made laws. The researcher further discovered that Saudi corporate governance as an institutional framework is divided between several institutions, whether internal or external, which might result in some ambiguity when it comes to implementing good corporate governance practices. However, the research results revealed that Saudi corporate governance provisions have to be reformed in accordance with popular worldwide corporate governance principles, namely the UK Corporate Governance Code, the UK Companies Act and the OECD principles of corporate governance produced
Saudi British relations, 1939-1953
Get PDFThe present study attempts to understand the shift that occurred in Saudi-British relations by the year 1953. The tracing of such a shift is dealt with by investigating the development of these relations from 1939 and through to 1953.The research is drawn upon a documentary diplomatic history method reinforced by an analytical approach. Within the framework of analysis, the Realism approach to international politics is selected. Certain assumptions that most of - classical and modern - Realists agreed upon are in use, specifically the state-centric assumption, the rationality assumption, the unitary assumption, the anarchic assumption, and the security assumption. As is clear from existing secondary sources, Saudi Arabia and Britain enjoyed a kind of special relationship in the early 1940s, but by the last year of King Ibn Saud's reign (1953) these two states' relations had deteriorated into severe conflict. Though some existing sources have attempted to shed some light on that development, their findings are indeed modest. In fact, none of this literature has studied the topic from a purely Saudi-British perspective, nor has any of it explored and analysed the matter with the depth that it deserves. By focusing on Saudi-British relations the chapters of this thesis are endeavouring to answer profoundly a variety of questions that affected the main course of these relations. By questioning the impact of certain issues on Saudi-Anglo relations - such that of Saudi-US relations, the security concept, the Saudi-Hashemite problem, and the frontier conflict - the thesis will address its main theme
Research as a requirement in a problem-based learning medical curriculum in Saudi Arabia
No full text[No abstract available]AlFaris E, 2006, ANN SAUDI MED, V26, P429; Goulston KJ, 2008, MED J AUSTRALIA, V188, P461; Leira EC, 2008, NEUROLOGY, V70, pE79, DOI 10.1212-01.wnl.0000312281.64033.36; Pruskil S, 2009, MED TEACH, V31, pE254, DOI 10.1080-01421590802637925; Windish DM, 2007, JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC, V298, P1010, DOI 10.1001-jama.298.9.10100
The saudi clinical practice guideline for the prophylaxis of venous thromboembolism in long-distance travelers
Get PDFVenous thromboembolism (VTE), including deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE), is a preventable disease. Long distant travelers are prone to variable degree to develop VTE. However, the low risk of developing VTE among long-distance travelers and which travelers should receive VTE prophylaxis, and what prophylactic measures should be used led us to develop these guidelines. These clinical practice guidelines are the result of an initiative of the Ministry of Health of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia involving an expert panel led by the Saudi Association for Venous Thrombo Embolism (a subsidiary of the Saudi Thoracic Society). The McMaster University Guideline working group provided the methodological support. The expert panel identified 5 common questions related to the thromboprophylaxis in long-distance travelers. The corresponding recommendations were made following the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. © 2017, Saudi Arabian Armed Forces Hospital. All rights reserved
Research as a requirement in a problem-based learning medical curriculum in Saudi Arabia
No full text[No abstract available]AlFaris E, 2006, ANN SAUDI MED, V26, P429; Goulston KJ, 2008, MED J AUSTRALIA, V188, P461; Leira EC, 2008, NEUROLOGY, V70, pE79, DOI 10.1212-01.wnl.0000312281.64033.36; Pruskil S, 2009, MED TEACH, V31, pE254, DOI 10.1080-01421590802637925; Windish DM, 2007, JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC, V298, P1010, DOI 10.1001-jama.298.9.10100
Influence of national culture on employee commitment forms : a case study of Saudi-Western IJVs vs. Saudi domestic companies
Get PDFSaudi Arabia is experiencing a transformative period in its economic history, as its
market has been opened up for foreign investment. The last 5 years have seen a
dramatic increase in the amount of foreign investment into Saudi Arabia
particularly through International Joint Ventures. The managers in these IJVs
come from various cultures that can be categorised as collectivist or individualist
societies. This study to investigate the relationship between national culture and
employee commitment within Western-Saudi IJV environments in contrast to the
commitment forms found within domestic (monoculture) organisations. In this
study, Western and Saudi managers were compared as to their levels of
organisational commitment and professional commitment, while a second survey
focused on individualism/collectivism among respondents. This study found that
Western managers working in Saudi IJVs had significantly higher levels of
professional commitment than did their Saudi counterparts. Similarly, Saudi
managers working in Saudi IJVs had significantly higher levels of organisational
commitment than did their Western counterparts. This study also found that Saudi
managers working in Saudi IJVs experienced higher levels of professional
commitment than did their Saudi counterparts working in purely Saudi firms, and
that Western managers who had previously worked in collectivist cultures had
higher levels of organisational commitment than did Western managers who had
not previously worked in collectivist cultures. In addition, significant differences
were found between respondent groups with regard to individualism/collectivism.
The results support a correlation between individualism and professional
commitment, as well as between collectivism and organisational commitment. The
results found that an employee’s cultural orientation can be modified through
exposure to employees from other cultures. The knowledge contributed from the
study findings will enrich the existing scholarly theories of employee commitment
and individualism/collectivism values within IJVs setting in Saudi Arabia. Also,
this knowledge will contribute to facilitate foreign investors and HRM
practitioners in developing strategies to maximise the benefits from different
forms of employee commitment
The sedentarization of a Bedouin community in Saudi Arabia
Get PDFThis thesis examines the sedentarization of bedouin nomads in Saudi Arabia: partly in general, but mostly focussing on a particular region (Sajir) which was studied in the field.
Our approach emphasizes that such bedouin communities were never self-contained, but rather an integral part of their regional and (latterly) national setting. Their integration has been crucially affected by broader processes: early political changes, development of the oil-based national economy, and recent rural policies (not all targeted specifically at bedouin). Moreover, we show how the bedouins
themselves, far from being passively shaped by these pressures, have actively taken advantage of their opportunities and thus internalized these broader developments.
Particular attention is paid to the settled agricultural alternative, with its associated land reforms and development programmes. More broadly, the heritage and shifting meanings of "bedouinism" are scrutinized in this context of rapid change.
To these ends, the early chapters aim to: 1) Develop theoretical framework on nomads and sedentarization from the relevant literature (mostly authropological); 2) Review and evaluate previous studies of the sedentarization of Saudi nomads in particular; and 3) Give a comprehensive overview of the Saudi agricultural sector as a whole,
thereby assessing its land reforms and development programmes.
The latter four chapters report observations gathered from fieldwork in Sajir. These examine this comunity's sedentarization patterns, their present mix of agricultural and pastoral activities, and some of the specific socio-economic factors operative in the region.
The main conclusions of the thesis emphasize:
1) The strength of bedouin integration (politically, socially, and economically) into the national context;
2) The unbalanced and differentiated nature and consequences for the bedouin of national land and agricultural policies;
3) The definitive impact of recent transformations of the rural econony on traditional bedouin occupations and livelihood; and
4) The continuing active (if changing) role of a specifically bedouin identity and ideology within the comunity
Rights of shareholders under Saudi company law
Get PDFThis thesis was submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy and awarded by Brunel University.The thesis examines the efficacy of the provisions of Saudi Company Law 1965 in terms of protecting the rights of minority shareholders in joint stock companies (JSCs). The aim is to assess the effectiveness of the current form of SCL 1965 in this regard and to suggest a reform scheme. This research finds that SCL 1965 does not adequately provide minority shareholders with all the rights that they should enjoy. Accordingly, minority shareholders are often subject to the controlling influence of majority shareholders, who are generally in charge of the company’s management. As a result, minority shareholders either do not exercise or do not enjoy certain rights, and they therefore forfeit their natural and intended role under this law, which is to oversee and control the activities of the board of the company, and in so doing to defend their interests. Despite the Saudi government intentions to conduct a range of reforms, particularly in the field of trade, SCL 1965 has not been modified to any significant degree; it is still not sufficiently effective, and does not address many important points relating to shareholders’ rights in listed companies. Therefore, there are important decisions that need to be made on the part of the Saudi legislature in terms of improving the investment environment in KSA, including improving the level of protection for investors in JSCs; these decisions will help to attract more investors into the Saudi financial market. This thesis suggests ways in which to improve the level of protection for minority shareholders in Saudi listed companies against any encroachment on their interests within the company. In this respect, it suggests recasting the provisions relating to minority shareholders, especially SCL 1965.Scholarship awarded by the Saudi Arabia
Saudi Aramco Gas Operations Energy Efficiency Program
No full textSaudi Aramco Gas Operations (GO) created energy efficiency strategies for its 5-year business plan (2011-2015), supported by a unique energy efficiency program, to reduce GO energy intensity by 26% by 2015. The program generated an energy savings of 23 MM.
This paper confirms what many others in the industry have found, the opportunity is significant. The author illustrates GO organization crafted a structured energy efficiency program and innovative approaches to unlock the full potential of higher standards of energy efficiency performance.
Gas Operation energy efficiency program will ideally translates energy intensity strategies into realities and transforms the missed opportunities into practical tactics for capturing the millions of dollars of savings potential that exist across GO facilities
Technology transfer : a case study analysis of the Saudi oil and petrochemical sectors
Get PDFIn the recent past a number of technologies have been imported into The Kingdom of
Saudi Arabia. This experience has affirmed the conviction that technology can make an
invaluable contribution to the growth of The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. However, in
doing so, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, like other nations, faces some questions of
possible obstacles, trials and errors during the course of industrial development and
technology transfer, that can be addressed by utilising science and technology efficiently
to develop many sectors, improve output of industry, develop standards and -status of
national manpower and its utilisation. This study analyses issues related to successful
technology transfer in Saudi industry
As such, the purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between industrial
development and technology transfer in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, and the important
role that modem technology can play in development of the oil and petrochemicals
sectors. The aims are to provide a better understanding of the linkage between technology
transfer and industrial development strategies in general, with special emphasis on the
performance of the Saudi oil and petrochemical industry in particular. As such, to avoid
failures on technology transfer, it becomes an imperative to analyse technology transfer
by considering various approaches, as follows:
Technology and industry is a key to future growth in Saudi Arabia - The main
objective here is to locate, attract and keep industry. The concept of technology
and industry deals with role of technology and the dynamics of Saudi's industry
environment to excel in markets.
Strategy at the functional level - this relates to the various activities assigned to
different departments in the organisational structure. The concept means that all
functions must be conducted in accordance with industry, technology and strategy.
Strategy and technology - this means how to transfer an already existing
technology to Saudi industry.
Strategy for research and development - The concept deals mainly with how to
plan, finance and implement R&D for products, security, environmental protection
etc. Where to draw the line between general and specific objectives in R&D.
The chosen method to study these issues is case study analysis of SABIC (Saudi Basic
Industries Corporation) and Saudi Aramco (Saudi Arabian Oil Company). SABIC has
been established for two main strategic objectives that go together in two parallel lines.
The first objective aims to develop human resources and to turn them into a trained
category that has the capability to transfer, assimilate and develop the most sophisticated
technologies. The second objective aims to develop the natural resources and convert
them to industrial products, helping to diversify the domestic income sources and open
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the doors for building up processing industries to satisfy the local and external market
requirements. The first case study (SABIC) provides an overview of the phenomenon of
technology transfer to the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. For comparative purposes the
second case study involves a case study of Saudi Arabia's largest oil firm (Saudi
Aramco). These two case studies have been selected for their:
i role in technology transfer in Saudi oil and petrochemical sectors,
ii approach and access to greater resources in technology transfer,
iii exposure of firm behaviour in the Saudi industrial sector,
iv contribution to Saudi economic development and realisation of additional income
through improved operations.
The two case studies, typical of large companies not only in Saudi Arabia but also in
the world, will address the obstacles in learning, committing and increasing performance through technology transfer. These cases highlight a range of choices available in
technology transfer, which provide a wide range of means for technological learning
through transfer. They offer different opportunities for further innovation and technology
development.
Although Saudi Aramco and SABIC claim 80 percent and 73 percent " Saudisation",
respectively, the survey indicates that native Saudis need more participation and
involvement in technology process in order to raise their technological know-how.
As a result of this study, a common approach to technology transfer into Saudi Aramco
and SABIC may be developed and applied by industry, per its requirements to address
existing and prospective problems. At present Saudi Arabia has the capacity to absorb new technologies in its growing industrial sector. This is required to meet its desired
objectives of becoming industrialised and self-sufficient in required technologies.
The real test of effective technology transfer in this study is the need to build Saudi local
technological capability supported by an effective learning strategy. The ultimate aim is
to expand the scope of this study beyond the academic level towards the practical
challenges of improving the efficiency and effectiveness of inward technology transfer for
future Saudi industrial development
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