35 research outputs found
Kinetics and mechanisms of biosorption of copper ion onto waste yeast (S. cerevisiae)
No full textSpringer NetherlandsHeavy metals are the most common pollutants found in industrial effluents. Several chemical treatment methods are used to remove heavy metals from aquatic solutions. Recently, biosorption process which utilizes various microbial materials (bacteria, fungi, yeasts, algae etc.) has been preferred to remove pollutants. In this study, waste yeast taken from yeast factory in Turkey was used as (working volume of 100 ml) biosorbent in erlenmeyer batch experiments by using temperature controlled shaker and copper (II) ion biosorption was examined. The effects of initial pH (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7), initial copper concentrations (25, 50, 75, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300 mg L?1), biosorbent amount (1, 3, 5, 7 10 g L?1), contact time (5, 10, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, 240, 1440 min.) and temperature (20, 30, 40, 50 °C) parameters on to biosorption process were investigated. Optimum biosorption capacity was found as pH 5, 100 mg L?1 of initial copper concentration, 10 g L?1 biosorbent amount and 1440 min. of contact time. The experimental equilibrium data fitted to Freundlich and Langmuir adsorption isotherm models. Freundlich models fitted better than Langmuir models. The maximum adsorption capacity of waste yeast was determined as 7.94 mg g?1and Freundlich isotherm values n and kf were found to be 1.55 and 0.21 respectively. Pseudo-second order kinetic model was suitable for biosorption kinetics. According to calculated thermodynamic parameters (?H, ?G and ?S), biosorption of copper onto waste yeast was exothermic. As a conclusion; it was found that copper (II) removal by using waste yeast was low. Activation of biomaterial by pretreatment can be resulted in increasing of removal rate. Use of waste materials in pollution control is important for economic issue. © Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2015.Sarioglu Cebeci, M.; Cumhuriyet University, Department of Environmental EngineeringTurkey; email: [email protected]
Investigation of the treatability of molasses and industrial oily wastewater mixture by an anaerobic membrane hybrid system
No full textIn this study, the anaerobic treatability of automotive industry wastewater and its treatment in the subsequent membrane system were examined by using molasses, which is a waste of the sugar industry, as a co-substrate. Organic loadings of 3-3, 5-4, and 5gCOD/L/day were applied to a UASB reactor made of steel with a working volume of 7 L. The hydraulic retention time (HRT) was kept constant at 2 days. Temperature, pH, COD, alkalinity, Volatile Fatty acid (VFA) and biogas were monitored. The best COD removal was achieved at the value of 4 gCOD/L/day. The average COD removal rate was 77%. The effluent from the UASB reactor was transferred to the membrane system. The flux reductions of the PW10 kDa UF membrane at different concentrations were 1.717 gCOD/L, 1.934 gCOD/L, 2.257 gCOD/L, 4 gCOD/L, and 8 gCOD/L, and they were 90.78%, 42.69%, 45.88%, 51.00%, and 56.60%, respectively, at the input concentrations. The flux reductions of the UE50 100 kDa UF membrane at the input concentrations of 4 gCOD/L and 8 gCOD/L were 76.00% and 66.25%, respectively. It was determined that the UE50 100 kDa membrane caused more fouling compared to the PW 10 kDa UF membrane. Pore fouling models were determined for the flux reduction in the membranes and the mechanism behind it. Heavy metal and organic matter removals were examined in the effluent obtained from the membrane experiments. © 2018We would like to express our gratitude to Cumhuriyet University for the financial support it has provided to this study with project No. M-514 . The language of the article has been edited by language experts. The present study was conducted within the scope of the Ph.D. thesis by Öznur Begüm Gökçek and finished under the supervision of Dr. M. Sarioglu (Cebeci)
Anaerobic treatment of the mixture of automotive industry and molasses wastewater for different organic loading rates in an upflow
No full textIn the present study, the anaerobic treatability of automotive industry wastewater by using molasses, which is a sugar industry waste, as a co-substrate was investigated. The anaerobic treatment of automotive industry wastewater was examined at mesophilic temperature (37 degrees C) in a UASB reactor. The performance of the upflow sludge blanket reactor (UASB) was evaluated in terms of pH, chemical oxygen demand (COD), alkalinity and volatile fatty acid (VFA) parameters at 2-2.5 and 3.5 gCOD/L.d organic loading rates. The chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal rates for the UASB reactor were found to be 56-83%, 64-83% and 73-80%, respectively. The biogas yields were 0.34-0.50 L biogas/g COD removal, 0.33-0.46 L biogas/g COD removal and 0.31-0.46 L biogas/g COD removal, respectively. The application of the data obtained from the UASB reactor to the modified Stover-Kincannon and Monod kinetic models was performed, the U-max, K-B, K-S and U-max constants were determined, and it was concluded that the best model is the Stover-Kincannon model. Anaerobic sludge samples were taken after completing the experiments in the UASB reactor and prior to the start of the experiments. After drying the sludge taken and bringing it to small sizes, the SEM, and FTIR analyses were conducted.Cumhuriyet University [M-514]We would like to express our gratitude to Cumhuriyet University for the financial support it has provided to the current study with project No. M-514. The language of the article has been edited by language experts. The present study was conducted within the scope of the Ph.D. thesis of Oznur Begum Gokcek and finished under the supervision of Dr. M. Sarioglu (Cebeci)
Investigation of the treatability of molasses and industrial oily wastewater mixture by an anaerobic membrane hybrid system
No full textIn this study, the anaerobic treatability of automotive industry wastewater and its treatment in the subsequent membrane system were examined by using molasses, which is a waste of the sugar industry, as a co-substrate. Organic loadings of 3-3, 5-4, and 5gCOD/L/day were applied to a UASB reactor made of steel with a working volume of 7 L. The hydraulic retention time (HRT) was kept constant at 2 days. Temperature, pH, COD, alkalinity, Volatile Fatty acid (VFA) and biogas were monitored. The best COD removal was achieved at the value of 4 gCOD/L/day. The average COD removal rate was 77%. The effluent from the UASB reactor was transferred to the membrane system. The flux reductions of the PW10 kDa UF membrane at different concentrations were 1.717 gCOD/L, 1.934 gCOD/L, 2.257 gCOD/L, 4 gCOD/L, and 8 gCOD/L, and they were 90.78%, 42.69%, 45.88%, 51.00%, and 56.60%, respectively, at the input concentrations. The flux reductions of the UE50 100 kDa UF membrane at the input concentrations of 4 gCOD/L and 8 gCOD/L were 76.00% and 66.25%, respectively. It was determined that the UE50 100 kDa membrane caused more fouling compared to the PW 10 kDa UF membrane. Pore fouling models were determined for the flux reduction in the membranes and the mechanism behind it. Heavy metal and organic matter removals were examined in the effluent obtained from the membrane experiments.Cumhuriyet University [M-514]We would like to express our gratitude to Cumhuriyet University for the financial support it has provided to this study with project No.M-514. The language of the article has been edited by language experts. The present study was conducted within the scope of the Ph.D. thesis by Oznur Begum Gokcek and finished under the supervision of Dr. M. Sarioglu (Cebeci)
Treatment of automotive industry wastewater using anaerobic batch reactors: The influence of substrate/inoculum and molasses/wastewater
No full textA study of the anaerobic treatment of an automotive-industry wastewater was conducted at mesophilic temperature in batch mode. In this study, molasses was used as a co-substrate. The experiments were carried out with samples prepared in 500 ml bottles using a shaker at 35 degrees C. The concentration of inoculum was prepared to be 5000 mg/L VSS. Substrate-inoculum ratios (SIR) were 0.75 and 1.0. Molasses-wastewater ratios (MWR) were 0.3, 1, and 3. All tests were carried out against controls of inoculum without substrate. A speed of 150 rpm was used for the sample bottles and they were examined daily for chemical oxygen demand (COD), pH, total solids, and total gas. The highest COD removal efficiency, 47%, was at SIR=0.75 and MWR=3. The highest total solid material removal efficiency was at SIR=1 and MWR=0.3. The best result in biogas production was at SIR=1 and MWR=0.3 and SIR=0.75 and MWR=3. Monod-, zero-, first-, and second-order kinetic models were used to calculate and define model constants for organic removal rates. Data show a close fit to the Monod kinetic model based on the verification constants (R-2) and other parameters (K-s, D-max, k(0), k(1), and k(2)). (C) 2016 Institution of Chemical Engineers. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Cumhuriyet University [M-514]This study was supported by Cumhuriyet University for their financial support of the present study under project No. M-514. Language edition of the manuscript has been made by Language Experts. This work was carried out as a part of the PhD thesis by Oznur Begum Gokcek, completed under the supervision of Dr. M.Sarioglu (Cebeci)
The Investigation of phosphorus removal in sequence batch reactor (SBR)
No full textBu tezin, veri tabanı üzerinden yayınlanma izni bulunmamaktadır. Yayınlanma izni olmayan tezlerin basılı kopyalarına Üniversite kütüphaneniz aracılığıyla (TÜBESS üzerinden) erişebilirsiniz.Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Çevre Mühendisliği Ana Bilim DalıÖZET Yüksek Lisans Tezi ARDIŞIK KESİKLİ REAKTÖRLERDE (SBR) FOSFOR GİDERİMİNİN ARAŞTIRILMASI Nazan EROĞLU Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Çevre Mühendisliği Ana Bilim Dalı Danışman: Yrd. Doç. Dr. Meltem SARIOGLU CEBECİ Bu çalışmada, fosfor giderimi için Ardışık Kesikli Reaktör (SBR) kullanılmıştır. Alternatif anaerobik-aerobik şartlarda, sentetik evsel nitelikli atıksu ile beslenen 4 litre kapasiteli reaktörde çalışılmıştır. Anaerobik/aerobik şartların sağlandığı SBR' deki sürekli ve kesikli çalışmalar, farklı işletme koşullarını sağlayacak 3 ayrı set halinde yürütülmüştür. Her bir setteki çevrim süreleri; anaerobik, aerobik ve çökeltme sürelerinin toplamına eşittir. Sürekli çalışmalarda; farklı Kimyasal Oksijen İhtiyacı (KOİ), Toplam Fosfor (TP) konsantrasyonlarında ve işletme koşullarında reaktörün verimliliği araştırılmıştır. Bu çalışmalar sonunda, düşük fosfor giderimine karşı (l.Set %53, 2.Set %32, 3.Set %16) elde edilirken, daha yüksek KOİ giderimi (l.Set %90, 2.Set %86, 3.Set %77) elde edilmiştir. Kesikli çalışmalarda; işletme süreleri, anaerobik/aerobik alıkonma süreleri ve Çamur Yaşı (SRT= 10 gün) sabit alınarak, KOİ/P ve Besin/Mikroorganizma (F/M) oranlan değiştirilmiştir. Buna göre; en iyi fosfor ve KOİ giderim veriminin 1. Sette (KOİ/P=24,6; F/M=0,15) sırasıyla %71 ve %71 olarak bulunmuştur. Endüstriyel atıksu çalışmalarında, seçilen işletme şartlarında %45 fosfor ve %84 KOİ giderimi bulunmuştur. Evsel+sızntı suyu çalışmalarında %86 fosfor ve %91 KOİ giderimi sağlanmıştır. Anahtar Kelimeler: Ardışık Kesikli Reaktör (SBR), Anaerobik-Aerobik Şartlar, Fosfor (P) Giderimi, Kimyasal Oksijen İhtiyacı (KOİ) Giderimi.11 ABSTRACT M. Sc. Thesis THE INVESTIGATION OF PHOSPHORUS REMOVAL IN SEQUENCE BATCH REACTOR (SBR) NazanERO?LU Cumhuriyet University Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences Department of Environmental Engineering Supervisor: Assis. Prof. Dr. Meltem SARIO?LU CEBECİ In this study, Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR) was used for phosphorus removal. The reactor capacity of 4 litter fed with synthetic domestic wastewater was studied at alternative anaerobic/aerobic conditions. The experiments were carried out as 3 sets batch and continuous studies under the anaerobic/aerobic conditions for different operations conditions. For each set duration of cycle, are equivalent to total of anaerobic, aerobic and settling duration. For continuous experiments; the reactor efficiency was investigated at different Chemical Oxygen Demands (COD), Total Phosphorus (TP) concentrations and operations conditions. Based on experimental studies low phosphorus removal efficiencies were obtained (Setl 53 %, Set2 32 %, Set3 16 %) and high COD removal efficiency (Setl 90%, Set2 86%, Set3 77%) were determined. For batch reactor experiments; COD/P and Food/Micro-organism (F/M) ratios were changed at constant anaerobic/aerobic retention duration and Sludge Age (SRT=10 days). According to experimental results, optimum Phosphorus (P) and COD removal efficiency were achieved at Setl (COD/P=24,6; F/M=0,15) as 71% and 71%, respectively. 45% phosphorus and 84% COD removals were found under the chosen operation conditions in industrial wastewater studies. 86% phosphorus and 91% COD removals were achieved mixed domestic and leaching wastewater studies. Key words: Sequence Batch Reactor (SBR), Anaerobic- Aerobic Conditions, Phosphorus (P) Removal, Chemical Oxygen Demands (COD) Removal
Biosorption of Azo Dye (Maxilon Red and Everzol Red) on to natural and modified waste sludge
No full textA wide range of technologies has been developed for the removal of dyes from wastewaters to decrease their environmental impact. Wastewater containing dyes is generally treated using more than one process such as adsorption/biosorption. In this study, effects of initial pH (2-8), initial azo dye concentration (Co:25-200 mg/l), contact time (tc:2.5-1440 min) and amount of waste sludge (m: 1-15 g/l) were studied by natural and modified dried waste aerobic sludge (WS) in a lab-scale batch study and also optimized by employing response surface methodology (RSM)-Box-Behnken Model for Maxilon Red GRL(MRGRL) and Everzol Red (ER) removal from wastewaters. The optimum experimental conditions were found to be pH=5, Co=112.5 mg/l, tc=180 min. and m=15g/l for dyes and MRGRL and ER removal was determined as about 97% and 95.85%, respectively. The results clearly showed that amount of WS and contact time are the most important parameters for color removal. FTIR and SEM (scanning electron microscope) images were used to understand morphology and structural character of WS and after biosorption process. D-R biosorption isotherm model was used in order to determine type of biosorption mechanism. The E value of D-R isotermisotherm model was found to be 7.071 for both dye. Pseudo-second order and intraparticle diffusion (Weber-Morris) models were suitable for biosorption kinetics. 0,1 M HCl and NaOH were used for desorption studies. Effect of ionic strength (NaCl) was not observed between 0,5-1 mol/L NaCl on to biosorption efficiency. WS (biowaste), Natural or modified, one of the low-cost biosorbent, can be used for removal of azo dye from wastewaters.Scientific Research Project Fund of Cumhuriyet University [M430]This work is supported by the Scientific Research Project Fund of Cumhuriyet University under the project number M430
Investigation of the removal of color and heavy metal from wastewater using activated sludge continuous system and application of models
No full textIn the continuous system studies, the natural state of the activated sludge was used in the fixed bed column and fluidized bed column, and the studies were carried out with the synthetic solution wastewater similar to the metal coating industry. Experiments at operating conditions of bed heights 20 cm, initial Cu2+, Ni2+, and Methylene Blue concentrations of 100 mg/L, pH 5.0 and flow rates 2 mL/min were performed to study the performance of the fixed bed column and fluidized bed column. It is seen that the removal efficiencies of the fixed bed and fluidized bed column are very close to each other. Thomas, Yoon-Nelson and Bohart-Adams models were applied to the data obtained in the fixed bed column system. It has been observed that there is a good agreement between the experimental breakthrough curves and the model predictions. In addition, regeneration of activated sludge with 0.1 M HCl and a reuse experiments were carried out, and it was observed that the efficiency decreased considerably in the second use. The results are promising and shall serve to design the activated sludge based fixed bed column and fluidized bed column to obtain cleaner and sustainable treatment of industrial wastewaters containing Cu, Ni and Methylene Blue.Scientific Research Project Fund of Cumhuriyet University (CUBAP) [M-326]This work is supported by the Scientific Research Project Fund of Cumhuriyet University (CUBAP) under the project number M-326
RESPONSE SURFACE MODELLING FOR REACTIVE DYE REMOVAL USING BIO-SOLIDS: APPLICATION OF BOX-BEHNKEN EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN
No full textThe removal of reactive dyes is rather difficult by chemical coagulation/flocculation because of strong resistance to biodegradation in aerobic environments. The removal of color from textile wastewater using low-cost adsorbents instead of expensive adsorbents is considered to be an important application of adsorption. In this study, powder-activated sludge was studied for the removal of color from aqueous solutions in a batch system using response surface methodology. Effects of initial pH, initial reactive dye concentration (Everzol Yellow 3RS H/C), contact time, and amount of bio-solid dosage (dried activated sludge) was optimized by using a four-factor, three-level Box-Behnken design for response surface modeling. Experiments were carried out in a lab-scale batch study. Four independent variables (initial pH: 2-8, initial concentration of dye ions (Co): 25-200 mg/L, contact time (tc): 10-180 min, and bio-solid amount (m): 1-15 g/L) were labeled as A, B, C, and D at three levels (-1, 0, 1), and a second-order polynomial regression equation was used to predict responses. The variables were tested by using analysis of variance (ANOVA). The optimal conditions were found to be pH = 2, Co = 200 mg/L, tc = 95 min, and m = 0.8 g/100 ml for which EY3RS removal was 92.75%. The results show that dye concentrations, bio-solid amount, and contact time are the most important factors in color removal. All factors showed combined effects on dye removal
Response surface modelling for reactive dye removal using bio-solids: Application of box-behnken experimental design
No full textThe removal of reactive dyes is rather difficult by chemical coagulation/flocculation because of strong resistance to biodegradation in aerobic environments. The removal of color from textile wastewater using low-cost adsorbents instead of expensive adsorbents is considered to be an important application of adsorption. In this study, powder-activated sludge was studied for the removal of color from aqueous solutions in a batch system using response surface methodology. Effects of initial pH, initial reactive dye concentration (Everzol Yellow 3RS H/C), contact time, and amount of bio-solid dosage (dried activated sludge) was optimized by using a four-factor, three-level Box-Behnken design for response surface modeling. Experiments were carried out in a lab-scale batch study. Four independent variables (initial pH: 2-8, initial concentration of dye ions (Co): 25-200 mg/L, contact time (tc): 10-180 min, and bio-solid amount (m): 1-15 g/L) were labeled as A, B, C, and D at three levels (-1,0,1), and a second-order polynomial regression equation was used to predict responses. The variables were tested by using analysis of variance (ANOVA). The optimal conditions were found to be pH = 2, Co = 200 mg/L, tc = 95 min, and m = 0.8 g/100 ml for which EY3RS removal was 92.75%. The results show that dye concentrations, bio-solid amount, and contact time are the most important factors in color removal. All factors showed combined effects on dye removal. © by PSP
