334 research outputs found
Urbanizzazione in chiave neoliberale e progetti di sviluppo a grande scala
No full textLa riscoperta di alcuni valori sociali, economici e culturali introdotti dal neoliberalismo
di fine secolo ha richiesto la riformulazione di nuovi concetti, obiettivi e
metodologie sulle innovazioni della città post-moderna. Essa è chiamata ad assolvere
la funzione di città “intelligente” (smart city) soprattutto in riferimento all’organizzazione
territoriale, con l’obiettivo di mettere più direttamente in comunicazione la
realtà locale con quella globale, soprattutto in tema di politiche strutturali.
I progetti comunitari sul recepimento delle innovazioni con cui la globalizzazione
elabora le proprie strategie nei confronti del locale individuano nella città
medie il centro-motore primario dell’organizzazione territoriale, grazie ad almeno
due fattori di straordinario impatto: l’attrattività e la competitività. Tuttavia, la riconosciuta
perdita di competitività dell’economia locale, dunque dei sistemi locali
dello sviluppo (SLoT), rende più problematico il rapporto locale/globale. Questo
si verifica quando il soggetto chiamato in causa, in tal caso l’area vasta, si mostra
incapace di valorizzare le proprie risorse mediante l’adattamento e l’integrazione
delle priorità tematiche individuate dalle politiche comunitarie (5° e 6° Programma
quadro): qualità della vita e gestione delle risorse biologiche; b) società dell’informazione
conviviale; c) crescita competitiva e sostenibile; d) energia, ambiente e
sviluppo sostenibile.
L’obiettivo di questo contributo è quello di fornire spunti di riflessione affinché
le risorse di area vasta siano utilizzate in sintonia con le priorità comunitarie.
Tali risorse, di natura materiale, immateriale, naturale e umana, se correttamente
integrate, possono conciliare le logiche del cambiamento imposte dall’apertura
alla globalizzazione con quelle impegnate a difendere e tutelare l’identità storicoculturale
del contesto locale, offrendo un contributo decisivo alla valorizzazione
del territorio, quindi alla costruzione di un’economia locale proiettata verso il
globale
New Value to Wool: Innovative Garments for Preservation of Sheep Landraces in Italy
No full textIn Basilicata, southern Italy, a sheep landrace jeopardized of extinction is Gentile di Puglia due to low production levels, low market values of milk and meat, and replacement of wool with synthetic fibers. Due to these dynamics farmers progressively resort to intensive breeding systems, hence causing the gradual disappearance of the ovine sector, the withering of traditional breeding culture and the abandonment of internal and marginal territories. However, in changing climate, traditional agriculture is getting increased attention worldwide by the consumers who are embracing emerging sustainable food production. Thus, in the light of a possible conservation strategy, the study investigates the prospective market for a garment (pullover) produced with wool from Gentile di Puglia, and woven through traditional techniques. An integrated methodological approach based on choice experiments and Bass diffusion model was carried out in order to analyze the consumers’ preferences, the penetration market of this innovative product and the new wool value for farmers. The results pointed out a potential demand focused on women aged 50 years and more and a recognized wool value to farmers of 55 € animal−1 (22 € kg−1). This new revenue could allow the reduction of the difference in gross margin between the Gentile di Puglia and the non-autochthonous intensively-farmed Comisana from 57% to 3%. The production of further wool garments for a wider demand could increase the economic sustainability of Gentile di Puglia, making it even more preferable than other highly productive breeds
Percezione del rischio da campi elettromagnetici in presenza di servitù di elettrodotto: incidenza sul valore dei fondi agricoli
No full textIn recent years, the media impact of the damage from electromagnetic fields generated by high voltage power lines on human health has grown considerably. Hence, judges increasingly require the assessment of the compensation concerning the land depreciation for the perception of the health risk from land market operators, regardless of the land use and the ascertainment of the health damage.
The aim of this paper is the assessment of the “perceptive” devaluation of the Apulia agricultural lands in the presence of high voltage power lines and for different crop systems, in order to present a methodological approach that could support the experts appointed by judges. The analysis clearly shows that the perception of the risk of damage to human health is strongly felt by land market operators, causing an average devaluation of 33% and even up to 50% for greenhouses and farm buildings
The technical efficiency of the Apulian winegrowing farms with different irrigation water supply systems
No full textApulia has a considerable demand of irrigation water, however high inefficiency levels of the collective water networks force most of the regional farms to use groundwater, with a consequent worsening of its quality, as well as of soil and crops characteristics. Therefore, the use of sustainable supply methods for irrigation water is desirable both through improvements of the collective networks and by appropriate economic tools. However, making the correct choices in these matters requires knowledge concerning the effects of the present water supply systems on the economic performance of farms.
The objective of this study is to measure and compare the technical efficiency of winegrowing farms in northern Apulia that use different supply systems for irrigation water: groundwater from private wells, irrigation water from collective networks, and irrigation water from both private wells and collective networks. The results enable to understand if and how different supply systems of irrigation water affect the management of productive factors and inputs. These findings also provide useful information for appropriate policies aimed at preserving groundwater and its externalities, as well as at improving the economic performance of Apulian farms
High-voltage overhead transmission lines and farmland value: Evidences from the real estate market in Apulia, southern Italy
No full textThe construction of high-voltage overhead transmission lines on farmland implies a permanent easement, involving expropriation of land and depreciation of the remaining farm area. The Italian system operator should pay compensation for both aspects, but recognizes only the former. Therefore, landowners often appeal to the law courts and claim compensation for the depreciation of the entire non-occupied area, often obliging the system operator to pay substantial amounts. This delays the provision of new power lines and increases their respective costs.
In order to verify the correctness of the modus operandi by the system operator and landowners, a study was carried out into the impact of several characteristics of power lines on farmland value in northern Apulia, south Italy. The results highlighted that the area occupied by plinths and cabins, the height of towers and the type of intersection were the main sources of depreciation, which varies depending on the crop. Moreover, depreciation on the residual area exists, but only involves two narrow strips of land on either side of infrastructure. Finally, it is not constant, but tends to decrease rapidly as the distance from the infrastructure increases, and zeroes at 30–70 m from the power line
How does the land market capitalize environmental, historical and cultural components in rural areas? Evidences from Italy
No full textFarmland can supply a wide variety of ecosystem services, i.e. provision of food and fibre, as well as regulating, supporting, recreational, aesthetic and cultural services. In addition, farmland can be characterized by the presence of anthropic elements, i.e. archaeological sites and historical rural buildings, from which the community can obtain further non-material benefits, namely cultural heritage values, recreation and tourism, etc. However, all these services and land components can be strongly influenced by different levels of farming intensity, a condition that can damage their capacity to supply the related functions (public goods). Such land-market failures could be adjusted by acquiring information on how the above non-farming characteristics, i.e. environmental, historical and cultural determinants, are capitalized in farmland value when farming intensity varies.
To this aim, a real estate survey was carried out in Italy in order to investigate the land market of traded farms cultivated under specific crops and located in two areas with different levels of farming intensity. The analysis considered farming and non-farming determinants of selling price and used a hedonic model method based on the ordinary least squares regression corrected for spatial autocorrelation. The results highlighted that the farming determinants were capitalized in selling price as expected in both areas, while the impacts of the non-farming characteristics were extremely diversified between the areas. In the extensively farmed area, the environmental, historical and cultural determinants tended to be positively capitalized, thus favouring their preservation. However, in the intensively farmed area, these were positively or negatively capitalized according to whether or not their overexploitation could allow increased yields, respectively. In yet other cases, some non-farming determinants were not capitalized at all in either area. These trends provided useful insights for the design of ad hoc market-based schemes able to enhance land market functioning and the maintenance of these components in agricultural areas with different levels of farming intensity
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