118,141 research outputs found
<i>Persicaria lapathifolia</i> Essential Oil: Chemical Constituents, Antioxidant Activity, and Allelopathic Effect on the Weed <i>Echinochloa colona</i>
No full textThe exploration of new green, ecofriendly bioactive compounds has attracted the attention of researchers and scientists worldwide to avoid the harmful effects of chemically synthesized compounds. Persicaria lapathifolia has been reported to have various bioactive compounds, while its essential oil (EO) has not been determined yet. The current work dealt with the first description of the chemical composition of the EO from the aerial parts of P. lapathifolia, along with studying its free radical scavenging activity and herbicidal effect on the weed Echinochloa colona. Twenty-one volatile compounds were identified via GC–MS analysis. Nonterpenoids were the main components, with a relative concentration of 58.69%, in addition to terpenoids (37.86%) and carotenoid-derived compounds (1.75%). n-dodecanal (22.61%), α-humulene (11.29%), 2,4-dimethylicosane (8.97%), 2E-hexenoic acid (8.04%), γ-nonalactone (3.51%), and limonene (3.09%) were characterized as main compounds. The extracted EO exhibited substantial allelopathic activity against the germination, seedling root, and shoot growth of the weed E. colona in a dose-dependent manner, showing IC50 values of 77.27, 60.84, and 33.80 mg L−1, respectively. In addition, the P. lapathifolia EO showed substantial antioxidant activity compared to ascorbic acid as a standard antioxidant. The EO attained IC50 values of 159.69 and 230.43 mg L−1, for DPPH and ABTS, respectively, while ascorbic acid exhibited IC50 values 47.49 and 56.68 mg L−1, respectively. The present results showed that the emergent leafy stems of aquatic plants such as P. lapathifolia have considerably low content of the EO, which exhibited substantial activities such as antioxidant and allelopathic activities. Further study is recommended to evaluate the effects of various environmental and climatic conditions on the production and composition of the EOs of P. lapathifolia
The 'true use of reading' : Sarah Fielding and mid eighteenth-century literary strategies.
No full textPhDThe aim of this thesis is to explore, by examining her life and
works, how Sarah Fielding (1710-68) established her identity as an author.
The definition of her role involves her notions of the functions of
writing and reading.
Sarah Fielding attempts to invite readers to form a sense of ties
by tacit understanding of her messages. As she believes that a work
of literature is produced through collaboration between the writer and
the reader, it is an important task in her view to show her attentiveness
toward reading practice. In her consideration of reading, she has two
distinct, even opposite views of her audience: on the one hand a familiar
and limited circle of readers with shared moral and cultural values and
on the other potential readers among the unknown mass of people. The
dual targets direct her to devise various strategies. She tries to
appeal to those who can endorse and appreciate her moral values as well
as her learning. Her writings and letters testify that she is sensitive
to the demands of the literary market, trying to lead the taste of readers
by inventing new forms.
The thesis opens with an overview of Sarah Fielding's career,
followed by a consideration of her critical attention to the roles of
reading. I go on to examine the narrative structures and strategies
she deploys, with a particular emphasis on her use of the epistolary
method. The following chapter deals with her attention to the reading
of the moral message tangibly embodied in her educational writing. It
is followed by an analysis of the activity which earned her a reputation
as a learned woman. Various as the forms of her works are, they invariably
reflect her attempt to balance herself between the two demands of
inventiveness and familiarity
Sarah Fielding: Satire and Subversion in the Eighteenth-Century Novel
No full textThis study of Sarah Fielding (1710―68) is an original contribution to Fielding scholarship that has a dual purpose: to support those who are striving to re-introduce her to the modern literary landscape in an effort to restore her eighteenth-century literary standing, and to firmly establish Fielding as an early feminist writer. It is argued here that throughout her oeuvre Fielding challenged prevailing traditions that denied women a choice, particularly in education, employment and marriage. These themes are also considered in the political treatises of Mary Astell (1666―1731) and Mary Wollstonecraft (1759―97), who are now widely recognised as feminist writers.
It is further argued that Fielding’s subversion in fiction of the English patriarchal system is underscored by her unorthodox performance in the literary arena. This is fully explored alongside her use of sentimentalism as a literary tool with which she challenges her seemingly inhumane society. Fielding’s interest in ‘the Labyrinths of the Mind’ (in modern terms, human psychology) will also be addressed as will her placement in the history of feminism and her placement in the sentimental novel tradition. Fielding’s performance as a literary critic will be compared with the few female authors who, like her, dared to publish literary criticism during her writing career. Accordingly, extracts from Fielding’s novels and her two critical pamphlets will be thoroughly examined.
An updated biography of Fielding that is also included here will provide evidence for a further claim, that her fiction is autobiographical in part. A comprehensive account of Fielding’s performance as a literary critic forms the final chapter of this work. It is the first full-length examination of her contribution to the genre and includes an appraisal of her recently unearthed critical pamphlet entitled A Comparison Between the Horace of Corneille and The Roman Father of Mr. Whitehead (1750) that is yet to be formerly attributed to her. Ultimately this study of Fielding will go far beyond what has previously been written about this remarkable eighteenth-century author, particularly regarding her feminist activity
Maktabat Al Muthanna Baghdad Feb-May 1962
No full textOn the same date, Ali Al-Mansouri issued an official financial statement confirming that the Al-Khanji Foundation owed a total of 11.375.أصدر علي المنصوري بيانًا ماليًا رسميًا بتاريخ 25 نيسان 1962 يُفيد بأن مؤسسة الخانجي مدينة بمبلغ إجمالي قدره 11,375
Qilādat al-jawāhir fī dhikr al-Ghawth al-Rifāʻī wa-atbāʻih al-akābir
No full textA book on Sufism on the Rifa'i way, in which the author collects virtues, conditions, dignity, sayings, behavior, method, and the realizations of the truth of Sheikh Ahmed Muhyi al-Din Abu al-Abbas al-Kabeer al-Rifa'i. Furthermore, the user talked about the widespread support he receives from his followers and the key aspects of his method
Strengthening and stretching for rheumatoid arthritis of the hand (SARAH): design of a randomised controlled trial of a hand and upper limb exercise intervention - ISRCTN89936343
No full textBackground: Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) commonly affects the hands and wrists with inflammation, deformity, pain, weakness and restricted mobility leading to reduced function. The effectiveness of exercise for RA hands is uncertain, although evidence from small scale studies is promising. The Strengthening And Stretching for Rheumatoid Arthritis of the Hand (SARAH) trial is a pragmatic, multi-centre randomised controlled trial evaluating the clinical and cost effectiveness of adding an optimised exercise programme for hands and upper limbs to best practice usual care for patients with RA.Methods/design: 480 participants with problematic RA hands will be recruited through 17 NHS trusts. Treatments will be provided by physiotherapists and occupational therapists. Participants will be individually randomised to receive either best practice usual care (joint protection advice, general exercise advice, functional splinting and assistive devices) or best practice usual care supplemented with an individualised exercise programme of strengthening and stretching exercises. The study assessors will be blinded to treatment allocation and will follow participants up at four and 12 months. The primary outcome measure is the Hand function subscale of the Michigan Hand Outcome Questionnaire, and secondary outcomes include hand and wrist impairment measures, quality of life, and resource use. Economic and qualitative studies will also be carried out in parallel.Discussion: This paper describes the design and development of a trial protocol of a complex intervention study based in therapy out-patient departments. The findings will provide evidence to support or refute the use of an optimised exercise programme for RA of the hand in addition to best practice usual care.Trial registration: Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN89936343Keywords: Randomised controlled trial, Rheumatoid arthritis, Exercise, Hand, Rehabilitatio
Theoretical Insights of History, Morality, and Society as the Literary Trio of the Author-Reader Relationship.
No full textThis paper attempts to examine the relationship between the author and the reader by polarizing history, morality, and society as a selected triad of theoretical interpretation. The study mainly focuses on the theoretical insights of these relationships in order to give proper clues for delving deep into the technical and thematic peculiarities of different literary genres. Therefore, it follows a qualitative approach to some fictional works, particularly novels, to demonstrate how the authorial perspective intersects with the reader’s ability to grasp the latent textual messages projected by authors in the course of the plots. The relationship between the author and the reader will be limited to three related topics, namely, history, morality, and society. As for history, the study sheds light on the postcolonial attributes of literature to reveal the function of liberal humanism in bridging the gap between the colonized people and the colonizers. Morality, on the other hand, will be discussed to explore the relative view of morality by authors and how the reader might conceptualize it according to his/her cultural background. Lastly, the discussion of society will be limited to the social customs and norms approached by authors to deliver a comprehensive depiction of the social reality in which the reader lives his/her true life
'F- F- Felt it': Breathing Feminist, Queer and Clown Thinking into the Practice and Study of Sarah Kane’s Cleansed and Blasted
No full textThis thesis uses studio practice, scholarly research, close reading of text, performance observation and conversation with practitioners to establish diverse readings of Sarah Kane’s Cleansed. It includes original material from the 2012 productions of Cleansed in Japan (Kamome-za Fringe Theatre), and in Ireland (Bare Cheek Theatre). It notes practice on Cleansed in gallery spaces (Cast-Off Drama, UK). It offers a dramaturgical approach to workshopping the play from a feminist and queer position, informed by theories of gender and transgender, and the marginalised, loving and delinquent practice of clowning. The research discusses principles of breath, voice and sexuate difference drawing primarily on the philosophies of Luce Irigaray, on the voice practice of Cicely Berry and the clown teaching of Sue Morrison.
The work challenges the ‘in-yer-face’ theatre discourse on Kane arguing that it represents a McDonaldization of its subject matter, and an insidious trivialisation of her texts. It offers new thinking on the opening night of Blasted (1995), suggesting that the ‘furore’ was fuelled by collective male hysteria and superstition; its roots centred in mourning. Analysing Cleansed in relation to Edward Bond’s Saved and Lear, it explores tropes of ghosts, stitching and the silent scream, and argues that Kane militates for gynocentric time and becoming. It analyses the symbol of the perimeter fence as a feature of 1980s Britain, noting the strength of binary associations configured in it with reference to both English football hooliganism (male) and the Greenham Common Women’s Peace Camp (female). It argues that Kane sets up heteronormative binaries in Cleansed to debate and contest them.
A key conclusion of the thesis is that Cleansed politically addresses and dramatises issues of transgender experience presenting accounts of gender violence, mutability, transitioning, the sharp fractures and silences of gender dysphoria, but also, ultimately, queer desire, love and optimism
Before and After the Commentators: An Essay in Periodization.
No full textL'articolo considera il significato storico e filosofico dei commentatori neoplatonici di Aristotele. Gli autori situano il recente Sourcebook sui commentatori edito da Richard Sorbji in un contesto più ampio, che include il contributo dei commentatori nella formazione della filosofia tardo-antica e la loro posterità nella tradizione filosofica islamica. Dopo una sezione introduttiva (1) sullo stato attuale della ricerca in questo ambito, gli autori affrontano i temi seguenti: (2) Plotino, i commentatori e lo sviluppo del pensiero tardo antico; (3) il Sourcebook e la filosofia islamica. Riccardo Chiaradonna è co-autore della sezione (1) e autore della sezione (2), dove la ricezione dei trattati di scuola aristotelici è presentata come una caratteristica fondamentale nella transizione dalla filosofia post-ellenistica a quella tardo-antica. Plotino ha un ruolo cruciale in questo processo e l'assimilazione neoplatonica dei trattati di Aristotele non avrebbe avuto luoro senza il suo contributo.This article considers the historical and philosophical significance of the Neoplatonic commentators on Aristotle. The authors set Richard Sorabji's recent Sourcebook on the commentators within a wider backgroung, which covers the commentators' contribution in the shaping of late antique philosophy and their posterity in the Islamic philosophical tradition. After an introductory section (1) regarding the current status of research in this area, the authors tackle the following issues: (2) Plotinus, the commentators and the development of late antique thought; (3) the Sourcebook and Islamic Philosophy. Riccardo Chiaradonna is co-author of section (1) and author of section (2), where the reception of Aristotle's school treatises is set out as a key feature in the transition from Post Hellenistic to Late Antique philosophy. Plotinus has a pivotal position in this process and the Neoplatonic incorporation of Aristotle's treatises would have not taken place without Plotinus' contribution
Musical Instruments in Al-Jahiz
No full textفي كتابات الجاحظ، تناول أديب العرب الجاحظ قضايا الموسيقى والطرب والغناء. كان الجاحظ معروفًا بعلمه وأدبه، وكتب العديد من الأعمال التي تسلط الضوء على جوانب الحياة المترفة في المجتمع. كتب كتابًا بعنوان "أخلاق المغنين" وآخر بعنوان "المغنين والغناء والصنعة". في هذه الكتب، دافع الجاحظ عن الغناء كفن فني، ورأى أنه يمتلك قواعد وأسسًا علمية تشابه مع غيره من الفنون والآداب. كان يروج للغناء باعتباره متعة فنية. وعلى الرغم من انتمائه للمعتزلة، إلا أن الجاحظ كان مشجعًا للغناء ومغنين، وكتب عن أخلاقهم وفنونهم. وفي رسالته "القيان"، تناول الجاحظ تأثير بيوت القيان والقيان نفسهن في المجتمع الإسلامي، حيث أشار إلى الفسق والعشق والفجور الذي قد ينتج عن هذا التأثير. بشكل عام، تركت كتابات الجاحظ أثرًا مهمًا في فهمنا لثقافة الموسيقى والطرب والغناء في العصور القديمة.In his writings, the Arab author Al-Jahiz addressed issues related to music, Tarab (a genre of music), and singing. Al-Jahiz was known for his knowledge and literature, and he wrote numerous works that shed light on the luxurious aspects of society. He authored a book titled "Ethics of Singers" and another titled "Singers, Singing, and the Craft." In these books, Al-Jahiz defended singing as an artistic form and believed that it possessed scientific principles and foundations similar to other arts and literature. He promoted singing as a pleasurable art form. Despite his affiliation with the Mu\u27tazila school of thought, Al-Jahiz was a supporter of singing and singers, and he wrote about their ethics and arts. In his treatise "Al-Qiyan," Al-Jahiz discussed the influence of courtesans and their households on Islamic society, pointing to the immorality, passion, and vice that may result from this influence. Overall, Al-Jahiz\u27s writings have had a significant impact on our understanding of music, Tarab, and singing in ancient times
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