109 research outputs found
Hormonal effects of prohormones : novel approaches towards effect based screening in veterinary growth promoter control
No full textWithin the European Union the use of growth promoting agents in cattle fattening is prohibited according to Council Directive 96/22/EC. Interestingly, there is not a black list of substances, but 96/22/EC states that all substances having thyrostatic, estrogenic, androgenic or gestagenic activity are prohibited. Besides abuse of the “classical” synthetic steroids there is a tendency towards misuse of natural steroids and prohormones. Prohormones are compounds that exhibit limited or no hormonal activity but are direct precursors of bioactive hormones and are intended to be converted to full active hormones via enzymatic processes in the body. However, knowledge about metabolism, the mode of action and excretion profiles in cattle is often unclear, and methods to detect abuse of prohormones in livestock production are lacking. Therefore, the aim of this thesis was to get insight into the hormonal action of prohormones and to develop novel in vitro and in vivo screening methods allowing effective surveillance on the illegal use of prohormones in livestock production. Hereby the emphasis was on developing effect based approaches to better meet Council Directive 96/22/EC. The bioactivity of a wide variety of supplements which contained prohormones were tested using a yeast androgen bioassay. For supplements containing solely prohormones the value of this bioactivity based screening appeared to be limited as they require metabolism to become active. Therefore, screening methods for animal feed, supplements and preparations were set-up by using the same yeast androgen bioassay in combination with bovine liver models as well as enzymatic and chemical deconjugation procedures to mimic in vivo metabolic bioactivation. The use of either bovine liver S9, liver slices, pure enzymes or alkaline hydrolysis showed that prohormones could be activated, resulting in a significant increase in bioactivity as determined by the androgen yeast bioassay. For the detection of prohormone abuse at the farm and/or slaughterhouse the usefulness of ‘omics’ based profiling techniques was investigated. Within this scope a comprehensive metabolomics based screening strategy for steroid urine profiling was developed. Comparison of urinary profiles revealed large differences between the profiles of controls and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) as well as pregnenolone treated animals. Moreover this steroid urine profiling approach allowed identification of biomarkers for treatment by specific prohormones. This resulted in respectively 7 and 12 specific mass peak loadings which could potentially be used as biomarkers for pregnenolone and DHEA treatment. In addition, the feasibility of a liver gene expression profiling approach was investigated to monitor the effects of DHEA treatment at the transciptome level. It was shown that identification and application of genomic biomarkers for screening of DHEA abuse in cattle is substantially hampered by biological variation. On the other hand, it was demonstrated that comparison of pre-defined gene sets versus the whole genome expression profile of an animal allows to distinguish DHEA treatment effects from variations in gene expression due to inherent biological variation. Altogether the results of this thesis increase the knowledge about the metabolism and bioactivation of prohormones in vitro as well as in vivo. Based on this knowledge, a panel of new effect based concepts and screening methods was developed that complement and improve the current testing programs. These new concepts will facilitate better implementation of the European ban on growth promoters in livestock production as described in Council Directive 96/22/EC. <br/
ASUHAN KEBIDANAN KOMPREHENSIF PADA NY. N DENGAN PRE HIPERTENSI DI PMB APPI AMELIA
No full textASUHAN KEBIDANAN KOMPREHENSIF PADA NY. N DENGAN PRE
HIPERTENSI DI PMB APPI AMELIA
Yurike Dhea Saputri
1
, Susiana Sariyati
2
, Sundari Mulyaningsih
3
INTISARI
Latar Belakang: Angka Kematian Ibu (AKI) dan Angka Kematian Bayi (AKB) di
Indonesia cukup tinggi. Salah satunya faktor penyebabnya yaitu terjadi hipertensi
pada ibu. Penyakit kardiovaskular kerap diasosiasikan dengan gaya hidup (merokok,
aktivitas fisik yang kurang, mengkonsumsi makanan yang tidak sehat, dan stress)
dan beberapa faktor risiko lain seperti hipertensi, dislipidemia, obesitas, usia lanjut,
riwayat penyakit kardiovaskuler pada keluarga, dan disfungsi endhothelium.
Koeksistensi dari beberapa faktor resiko akan meningkatkan penyakit
kardiovaskuler.
Tujuan: Memberikan asuhan kebidanan secara komprehensif pada Ny. N dari
hamil, bersalin, nifas, bayi baru lahir, dan KB.
Metode: Metode yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif yaitu dengan
pendekatan Continuity Of Care atau peneliti melakukan survey terhadap pasien
dengan cara wawancara, observasi, dan memberikan penatalaksanaan asuhan.
Hasil : Hasil asuhan kebidanan secara komprehensif pada Ny N dengan pre
hipertensi, pada saat kehamilan tidak ditemukan komplikasi dan proses persalinan
Ny N berlangsung spontan dengan berat bayi baru lahir 2710 gram, panjang badan
48 cm, dilanjutkan dengan masa nifas Ny N tidak ditemukan adanya komplikasi
dan ibu telah memutuskan untuk menggunakan KB suntik progestin.
Kesimpulan : Setelah dilakukan Asuhan Kebidanan Komprehensif pada Ny. N
umur 29 tahun P2A0AH2 dengan kehamilan pre hipertensi dapat disimpulkan
bahwa tidak ditemukan adanya komplikasi
Kata Kunci: Asuhan Kebidanan, Continuity Of Care, Hipertensi
1
Mahasiswa Prodi DIII Kebidanan Universitas Alma Ata Yogyakarta
2
Dosen Prodi DIII Kebidanan Universitas Alma Ata Yogyakarta
3
Dosen Prodi DIII Kebidanan Universitas Alma Ata Yogyakart
[[alternative]]In vitro Study on the Regulation og Human Immunoglobulin Production by Dehydroepiandrosterone(DHEA)
No full text[[abstract]]Dehydroepiandrosterone ( DHEA ) is a predominant androgen secreted by the adrenal cortex. Physiologically, DHEA appears as an intermediate of the androgen biosynthesis pathway. However, DHEA has been shown to play a multifunctional role in human and animal body. In addition, DHEA is a potential immunomodulator. DHEA regulates a variety of humoral and cellular immune response. Our previous report suggested that DHEA enhanced immunoglobulin secretion by murine B lymphocytes under in vitro condition. The same study also observed an antagonist effect of DHEA on the dexamethasone ( a glucocorticoid derivative )-mediated immunosuppression. The present study further extended the DHEA study from murine system to human immune cells. Data suggested that DHEA and DHEAS had no significant effect on the growth and viability of non-adherent peripheral blood mononuclear cells ( PMNC ). However, both drugs significantly augmented IgA and IgM secretion. Dexamethasone also enhanced IgA and IgM secretion by PMNC. Under our in vitro experimental condition, costimulating the cells with DHEA/DHEAS and dexmethasone shown a synergistic dffect on IgA and IgM secretion. To further investigate whether DHEA/DHEAS enhanced immunoglobulin secretion by direct stimulating the B lymphocytes, the growth and function of Dakiki ( an IgA secreting cells ) and SKW6.4 ( an IgM secreting cells ) in the presence of DHEA/DHEAS were studied. DHEA and DHEAS had no significant effect on the growth and viability of both Dakiki and SKW6.4. DHEA/DHEAS enhanced IgA and IgM secretion by Dakiki adb SKW6.4 cells, respectively dexamethasone suppressed the IgA secretion by IgA secretion by Dakiki. However, the dexamethasone- mediated suppressive effect could be overcome by both DHEA and DHEAS. In contrast, dexamethsaone enhanced IgM secretion by SKW6.4. Cosimulating the SKW6.4 with DHEA/DHEAS and dexamethasone has synergistic effect on IgM secretion. The IgM gene expression was studied by RT-PCR analysis. Result shown that the mRNA level of IgM in SKW6.4 cells were elevated after the cells were treated with DHEA, DHEAS or dexamethasone, suggesting that IgM production was stimulated at the transcription level.
High-fat diets exaggerate endocrine and metabolic phenotypes in a rat model of DHEA-induced PCOS
No full textPolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex endocrine and metabolic disorder with unclear etiology and unsatisfactory management. Effects of diets on the phenotype of PCOS were not fully understood. In the present study, we applied 45 and 60% high-fat diets (HFDs) on a rat model of PCOS induced by postnatal DHEA injection. We found that both DHEA and DHEA + HFDs rats exhibited reproductive abnormalities, including hyperandrogenism, irregular cycles and polycystic ovaries. The addition of HFDs, especially 60% HFDs, exaggerated morphological changes of ovaries and a number of metabolic changes, including increased body weight and body fat content, impaired glucose tolerance and increased serum insulin levels. Results from qPCR showed that DHEA-induced increased expression of hypothalamic androgen receptor and LH receptor were reversed by the addition of 60% HFDs. In contrast, the ovarian expression of LH receptor and insulin receptor mRNA was upregulated only with the addition of 60% HFDs. These findings indicated that DHEA and DHEA + HFDs might influence PCOS phenotypes through distinct mechanisms: DHEA affects the normal function of hypothalamus-pituitary-ovarian axis through LH, whereas the addition of HFDs exaggerated endocrine and metabolic dysfunction through ovarian responses to insulin-related mechanisms. We concluded that the addition of HFDs yielded distinct phenotypes of DHEA-induced PCOS and could be used for studies on both reproductive and metabolic features of the syndrome.National Natural Science Foundation of China [81170538, 81471427]; National Key Technology R&D Program in the Twelve Five-Year Plan [2012BAI32B01]; China Postdoctoral Foundation [2015M570905]SCI(E)[email protected]
The effect of dehydroepiandrosterone combined with a low-fat diet in spontaneously obese dogs: a clinical trial
No full textDehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) has been shown to have antiobesity activity in rodents and spontaneously obese dogs. This study evaluated the effect of DHEA or placebo combined with a low-fat/high-fiber diet in spontaneously obese dogs in a clinical trial. Spontaneously obese, euthyroid dogs, referred to the University of Wisconsin School of Veterinary Medicine for treatment of their obesity, were evaluated for percent overweight, rate of weight loss, serum cholesterol, plasma lipoprotein and serum biochemistry profiles, complete blood count, and endocrine profiles (T4, T3, cortisol, insulin, and DHEA-sulfate). DHEA-treated dogs had a significantly increased rate of actual and percent excess weight loss compared with placebo-treated dogs. Serum cholesterol decreased in both treatment groups; however, DHEA-treated dogs had a significantly greater reduction than placebo-treated dogs. DHEA-treated dogs had a significant 32% reduction in total plasma cholesterol, which was due to a 27% reduction in the lipoprotein fraction containing the high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and a 50% reduction in the lipoprotein fraction containing the low-density lipoprotein (LDL). Placebo-treated dogs did not have a significant reduction in total plasma cholesterol or in the fraction containing LDL; however, they did have a significant 11% reduction in the fraction containing HDL. Significant decreases in serum T4 and T3 observed in dogs receiving DHEA were not noted in dogs receiving placebo. DHEA in combination with caloric restriction results in a faster rate of weight loss than does caloric restriction alone. In addition, DHEA has hypocholesterolemic activity, particularly affecting the lipoprotein fraction containing the LDL cholesterol.ID: 1593; LR: 20061115; JID: 9305691; 0 (Cholesterol, HDL); 0 (Cholesterol, LDL); 0 (Placebos); 50-23-7 (Hydrocortisone); 53-43-0 (Dehydroepiandrosterone); 57-88-5 (Cholesterol); 6893-02-3 (Triiodothyronine); 7488-70-2 (Thyroxine); ppublishSource type: Electronic(1
[[alternative]]Study on the role of dehydroepiandrosterone in regulation of specific antibody response
No full text[[abstract]]Abstract
Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) is one of the major androgens secreted by adrenal cortex and play a multifunctional role in regulating physiological system in mammals. DHEA is predominantly converted to DHEA-sulfate (DHEAS) in serum . Recent reports demonstrated that DHEA is a potent immunomodulator. In addition, recent data showed that DHEA might act as an effective vaccine adjuvant in aged human and mice. However, the immunostimulatory effect on the children and young animal upon immunization remain to be studied. Furthermore, the profile of cytokine associated with DHEA-mediated regulatory effect remained to be defined. The major purpose of this study is to investigate the possible immunostimulatory effect of DHEA on the young mice immunized with Escherichia coli (E.coli O78:H11), combined diphtheria, tetanus, acellular pertussis vaccine (DPT vaccine) or pertussis toxin (PT), and to investigate the profile of cytokine associated with DHEA administration. Results indicated that DHEA has an augmented effect on the young mice immunized with Escherichia coli (E.coli O78:H11) or pertussis toxin (PT). However, DHEA did not show adjuvant effect on DPT vaccine immunized mice. In the subsequent study, the mice were infected with E. coli or challenged with PT, followed by subcutaneous injection with DHEA. Result indicated that DHEA synergistically enhanced E. coli or PT induced IFN-g, IL-2 and IL-4, IL-10 cytokine productions. Therefore, the immunoregulatory effect of DHEA might closely relate with its ability to modulate cytokine production. This study not only confirmed the ability of DHEA to regulate specific antibody response, but also demonstrated the role of DHEA in regulation of cytokine production.
[[alternative]]Regulatory role of dehydroepiandrosterone on B cell immuno-
No full text[[abstract]]Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) 是腎上腺皮質分泌雄性激素時之前
驅物。前人報告提出DHEA對Ｔ淋巴球、巨噬細胞之功能及白血球新生具有
顯著之調節功能。本實驗證明 DHEA 對Ｂ淋巴球分泌Ig之功能也有影響。
DHEA與脂多醣體同時刺激Ｂ淋巴球時，對IgA有促進的作用，IgG及IgM 的
分泌則無影響。DHEA在Ｂ淋巴球受脂多醣體活化24小時後加入，則對 IgA
及IgG 的分泌有促進作用，對IgM分泌卻有明顯的抑制情形。DHEA 對Ｂ淋
巴球功能的調節不受 Anti IL-2 之影響，但受 Anti TGF-.beta.影響。
顯示 TGF-.beta. 參與DHEA對Ｂ淋巴球功能之調節作用。當DHEA與脂多醣
體同時加入時，Anti TGF-.beta. 抑制了DHEA所誘導之IgA分泌 ，但反而
促進IgG與IgM之分泌，顯示DHEA在Ｂ淋巴球活化初期可促進 IgG與 IgM分
泌，但是受TGF-.beta.所抑制，不過DHEA間接利用TGF-.beta.促進了IgA
之分泌。當 DHEA 在Ｂ淋巴球以脂多醣體活化24小時之後加入，則 Anti
TGF-.beta.抑制了DHEA對三種 Ig分泌的調節效應，顯示DHEA對活化後之
Ｂ細胞只藉TGF-.beta.之協助，才能調節Ｂ細胞之功能。 DHEAS為DHEA在
血清中存在的主要形式，但是DHEAS 對Ｂ淋巴球的功能無顯著影響。Dexa
-methasone為 glucocorticoid 之衍生物，對Ｂ淋巴球的增生、存活率及
IgA 分泌皆有顯著抑制作用，而DHEA可以拮抗Dexamethasone 的抑制作用
。DHEA直接或間接對免疫球蛋白分泌之調節作用，為內分泌與免疫系統之
關係提供了重要佐證，而 DHEA 與 glucocorticoid 之間之拮抗作用也顯
示體內，這兩種類固醇荷爾蒙平衡的重要性。
Dehydroepiandrostone(DHEA), a precusor androgen biosynthesis
in adrenal cortex, has been show to regulate the functions of T
lymphocytes and macrophages,and to suppress the lymphopoisis and
myelopoisis. Theresults of this study indicate that DHEA also
has ability to modulateB cell immunoglobulin secretion. DHEA did
enchance IgA secretion buthad no effect on IgG and IgM secretion
when B cells were stimulated by DHEA and lipopolysaccharide(LPS)
at the same time. However, if DHEA was added 24 hours after LPS
induced B cell activation, both the IgA and IgG secretion were
enhanced but IgM secration was suppressed by DHEA.The modulatory
function of DHEA on B cells was not affected by anti-inteleukin2
(IL-2) antibodies but it was significant affected by anti trans-
forming growth factor .beta.( TGF-.beta. ), suggesting that TGF-
.beta.was involved in DHEA-mediated immunoregulation. Anti TGF-
.beta. inhibited DHEA induced IgA secretion but significantly
enhanced IgG and IgMsecretion when B cells were stimulated by
DHEA and LPS at the same time. It implied that DHEA could enhance
IgG and IgM secreation during theearly stage of B cell activation
.However, both IgG and IgM secretionwere suppressed by TGF-.beta.
. On the contrary, TGF-.beta. together with DHEA induced IgA
secretion. Anti-TGF-.beta. completely abrogated the immunoregu-
latory function of DHEA when B cells were stimulated by DHEA 24
hoursafter LPS-induced activiation, suggesting that the presence
of TGF-.beta. is essential for DHEA to regulate the function of
activated B cells, DHEAS , the specific form of DHEA in serum,
showed no effect on immunogloublin secretion. Dexamethasone, a
derivative of glucocorticoid, suppressed B cell growth, reduced
B cell viability and IgA secretion. Results in this study showed
that DHEA significantly antagonized immunosuppresive effect of
dexamethasone. The observation that DHEA directlyor indirectly
regulated immunoglobulin secretion provided an additional evi-
dence to demonstrate the close relationship between endocrine
andimmune system. Furthermere, the counter reaction between DHEA
and glucocorticoid suggested that it is essential to maintance
the properratio between these two important steroid hormone in
body fluid.
Dehydroepiandrostone(DHEA), a precusor androgen biosynthesis
Hubungan Kepatuhan Dengan Perilaku Penggunaan Alat Perlindungan Diri (Apd) : Masker Upaya Pencegahan Covid-19 Di Kelurahan Air Hitam Kecamatan Samarinda Ulu
No full textTujuan Studi: Untuk mengetahui hubungan kepatuhan dengan perilaku penggunaan alat perlindungan diri (APD) : masker upaya pencegahan Covid-19 di Kelurahan Air Hitam Samarinda Ulu.
Metode : Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode Cross Sectional. Sampel diambil berdasarkan kriteria inklusi yaitu 100 responden. Analisis data meliputi analisis univariat dan bivariat menggunakan uji chi-square.
Hasil : Hasil uji statistik nilai P adalah 0.072 yaitu tidak adanya hubungan yang bermakna antara kepatuhan dengan perilaku penggunaan alat perlindungan diri (APD) : masker upaya pencegahan Covid-19 di Kelurahan Air Hitam Samarinda Ulu.
Manfaaat : Kepatuhan dan perilaku menggunakan masker merupakan faktor yang sangat berperan penting dalam memutus mata rantai penyebaran covid-19. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan agar masyarakat patuh atas aturan pemerintah dalam menggunakan masker dengan benar yang dituangkan dalam perilaku sehari-hari untuk mencegah penularan penyakit covid-19
PENGARUH PRENATAL YOGA TERHADAP KETIDAKNYAMANAN NYERI PUNGGUNG PADA IBU HAMIL TRIMESTER III DI KLINIK PRATAMA ANUGRAH SURABAYA
No full textKetidaknyamanan fisik pada masa kehamilan sudah sejak awal dirasakan oleh
ibu, salah satunya adalah masalah nyeri punggung yang dialami pada trimester III
yaitu pada usia kehamilan 28-40 minggu. Ketidaknyammanan nyeri punggung pada
ibu hamil dapat diatasi dengan prenatal yoga. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk
mengetahui pengaruh prenatal yoga dengan ketidaknyamanan nyeri punggung ibu
hamil trimester III di Klinik Pratama Anugrah Surabaya.
Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pre-eksperimen dengan pendekatan one
group pra-post test. Sampel dalam penelitian ini yaitu ibu hamil trimester III yang
mengalami nyeri punggung. Pengambilan sampel ini menggunakan teknik non
probability sampling dengan sistem purposive sampling dan alat ukur yang
digunakan adalah Numeric Rating Scale (NRS).
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nyeri punggung pada ibu hamil trimester
III sebelum dilakukan prenatal yoga yang mengalami nyeri punggung pada skala
nyeri sedang sebanyak 65.7% responden. Sedangkan sesudah dilakukan prenatal
yoga menunjukkan bahwa mengalami penurunan nyeri punggung pada skala nyeri
tidak ada nyeri sebanyak 80.0% responden. Uji statistic yang digunakan pada
penelitian ini adalah uji Wilcoxon dan diperoleh nilai significancy p value 0,00
(p0,05) yang artinya ada perbedaan antara hasil pre-test dan post-test pada
penurunan skala nyeri punggung pada ibu hamil trimester III sebelum dan sesudah
dilakukannya prenatal yoga.
Semakin rutin ibu hamil melakukan gerakan yoga untuk mengatasi nyeri
punggung yang dialami maka semakin menurun juga keluhan yang dialami oleh ibu
hamil trimester III
PENGARUH ELECTRONIC WORD OF MOUTH DAN IMPLEMENTASI PRINSIP GOOD CORPORATE GOVERNANCE TERHADAP MINAT MENJADI NASABAH DI BANK JAGO SYARIAH
No full textABSTRAK
Era perkembangan teknologi yang kian pesat mampu menjadikan
semua kegiatan serba digital tidak terkecuali dunia perbankan.
Transformasi perbankan digital menjadi isu yang penting saat ini.
Efektivitas yang dirasakan pengguna bank digital, rekomendasi orang
lain dan implementasi prinsip tata kelola perusahaan yang baik
menyebabkan minat pengguna bank digital meningkat setiap tahunnya.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengaruh
Electronic Word of Mouth dan implementasi prinsip Good Corporate
Governance terhadap minat seseorang untuk menjadi nasabah di Bank
Jago Syariah.
Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu kuantitatif dengan
analisis regresi linear berganda. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah
pengguna Bank Jago Syariah yang berdomisili di Bandar Lampung.
Sampel penelitian ini berjumlah 100 orang yang memenuhi kriteria.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variabel Electronic Word of
Mouth (e-WOM) berpengaruh negatif terhadap minat menjadi nasabah
di Bank Jago Syariah. Sedangkan variabel implementasi prinsip Good
Corporate Governance berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap
minat menjadi nasabah di Bank Jago Syariah. Dapat disimpulkan
bahwa rekomendasi orang lain tidak mempengaruhi seseorang untuk
menggunakan Bank Jago Syariah, sedangkan implementasi prinsip
GCG mempengaruhinya.
Kata Kunci : Bank digital, Electronic Word of Mouth, Good Corporate
Governance
iv
ABSTRACT
The era of rapid technological development is able to make all
activities completely digital, including the banking world. Digital
banking transformation is an important issue today. The perceived
effectiveness of digital bank users, recommendations from others and
the implementation of good corporate governance principles increase
the interest of digital bank users every year. This study aims to
determine how the influence of Electronic Word of Mouth and the
implementation of Good Corporate Governance principles on
someone’s interest in becoming a customer at Bank Jago Syariah.
The research method used is quantitative with multiple linear
regression analysis. The population in this study were users of Bank
Jago Syariah who live in Bandar Lampung. The sample of this study
are 100 people who met the criteria.
The results showed that the Electronic Word of Mouth (e-WOM)
variable has a negative effect on interest in becoming a customer at
Bank Jago Syariah. Meanwhile, implementation of the principles of
Good Corporate Governance variable has a positive and significant
effect on interest in becoming a customer at Bank Jago Syariah. The
conclusions of this research are other people's recommendations do not
influence a person to use Bank Jago Syariah, while the implementation
of GCG principles does.
Keywords : Digital banking, Electronic Word of Mouth, Good
Corporate Governanc
- …
