91,899 research outputs found
SAP NetWeaver Portal
No full textDieses Buch aus der Reihe SAP NetWeaver ESSENTIALS f?hrt IT-Manager, Portaladministratoren und Berater strukturiert in den Aufbau und die Anwendung des SAP NetWeaver Portals, Release 7.0 (2004s), ein. Den Schwerpunkt des Buches bildet die Darstellung der Portalfunktionen aus technischer Sicht sowie die darunter liegende Architektur: Rollenverwaltung, Authentifizierungsmechanismen, Knowledge- und Content-Management, Entwicklung und Administration von Applikationen, Anwendungs- und Systemintegration u. v. m. Die M?glichkeiten zur Entwicklung neuer Funktionen werden Ihnen anhand des Visual Composers und des Developer Studios vorgestellt. Sie erhalten so einen technisch fundierten Einstieg in alle relevanten Aspekte des SAP NetWeaver Portals und k?nnen sie anschlie?end in der Praxis umsetzen. Aus dem Inhalt: * Funktionen: Knowledge Management, Collaboration, Unification, Portal Content Studio * Architektur: Portalszenarien, Portal Framework, Konnektoren * Installation und Konfiguration: Komponenten, grundlegende Einstellungen, Besonderheiten * Administration: Berechtigungsund Benutzerverwaltung, Monitoring und Reporting, Sicherheit, Single Sign-On, Transportwesen * Entwicklung: Web Dynpro ABAP/Java, SAP NetWeaver Developer Studio, Composite Application Framework, SAP NetWeaver Visual Composer, PDK f?r .NE
SAP - Systemadministration - 100 Tipps & Tricks
No full textDas Buch liefert 100 Tipp und Tricks für die Administration des SAP-WebApplication-Server-ABAP. Es enthält Informationen und genaue Schritt-f?r-Schritt-Anleitungen f?r relevante Administrationsaufgaben
Raw sap consumption habits and its association with knowledge of nipah virus in two endemic districts in Bangladesh
No full textHuman Nipah virus (NiV) infection in Bangladesh is a fatal disease that can be transmitted from bats to humans who drink contaminated raw date palm sap collected overnight during the cold season. Our study aimed to understand date palm sap consumption habits of rural residents and factors associated with consumption. In November-December 2012 the field team interviewed adult respondents from randomly selected villages from Rajbari and Kushtia Districts in Bangladesh. We calculated the proportion of people who consumed raw sap and had heard about a disease from raw sap consumption. We assessed the factors associated with raw sap consumption by calculating prevalence ratios (PR) adjusted for village level clustering effects. Among the 1,777 respondents interviewed, half (50%) reported drinking raw sap during the previous sap collection season and 37% consumed raw sap at least once per month. Few respondents (5%) heard about NiV. Thirty-seven percent of respondents reported hearing about a disease transmitted through raw sap consumption, inclusive of a 10% who related it with milder illness like diarrhea, vomiting or indigestion rather than NiV. Respondents who harvested date palm trees in their household were more likely to drink sap than those who did not own date palm trees (79% vs. 65% PR 1.2, 95% CI 1.1-1.3, p<0.001). When sap was available, respondents who heard about a disease from raw sap consumption were just as likely to drink it as those who did not hear about a disease (69% vs. 67%, PR 1.0, 95% CI 0.9-1.1, p = 0.512). Respondents' knowledge of NiV was low. They might not have properly understood the risk of NiV, and were likely to drink sap when it was available. Implementing strategies to increase awareness about the risks of NiV and protect sap from bats might reduce the risk of NiV transmission
Accounting for sap flow from different parts of the root system improves the prediction of xylem ABA concentration in plants grown with heterogeneous soil moisture.
No full textWhen soil moisture is heterogeneous, sap flow from, and ABA status of, different parts of the root system impact on leaf xylem ABA concentration ([X-ABA]leaf). The robustness of a model for predicting [X-ABA]leaf was assessed. ‘Two root-one shoot’ grafted sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) plants received either deficit irrigation (DI, each root system received the same irrigation volumes) or partial rootzone drying (PRD, only one root system was watered and the other dried the soil). Irrespective of whether relative sap flow was assessed using sap flow sensors in vivo or by pressurization of de-topped roots, each root system contributed similarly to total sap flow during DI, while sap flow from roots in drying soil declined linearly with soil water potential (soil) during PRD. Although soil of the irrigated pot determined the threshold soil at which sap flow from roots in drying soil decreased, the slope of this decrease was independent of the wet pot soil. Irrespective of whether sap was collected from the wet or dry root system of PRD plants, or a DI plant, root xylem ABA concentration increased as soil declined. The model, which weighted ABA contributions of each root system according to the sap flow from each, almost perfectly explained [X-ABA] immediately above the graft union. That the model overestimated measured [X-ABA]leaf may result from changes in [X-ABA] along the transport pathway or an artefact of collecting xylem sap from detached leaves. The implications of declining sap flow through partially dry roots during PRD for the control of stomatal behaviour and irrigation scheduling are discussed
Entwicklung mobiler Anwendungen für SAP
No full textSie m?chten SAP-Gesch?ftsanwendungen f?r mobile Endger?te programmieren? Die Sybase Unwired Platform kennenlernen aber auch ?ber den Tellerrand hinausschauen? Dann werden Sie dieses Buch lieben! Die Autoren erl?utern Ihnen, welche M?glichkeiten die Sybase Unwired Platform bietet und wie Sie die Einstiegsh?rden bew?ltigen, die vor der Entwicklung mobiler Anwendungen stehen. Sie erlernen mithilfe vieler Programmierbeispiele, wie die Technologie funktioniert und wie Sie eigene Anwendungen programmieren bzw. f?r den jeweiligen Einsatzzweck optimieren. Dabei erfahren Sie auch, wie Sie alternative Entwicklungsans?tze verfolgen. Ob Sie einen umfassenden Einstieg oder ein Nachschlagewerk f?r die t?gliche Praxis suchen: In diesem Buch werden Sie f?ndig
Xcelsius: Dashboarding mit SAP BusinessObjects
No full textOft sagt eine Grafik mehr als tausend Zahlenkolonnen: In diesem Buch lernen Sie, wie Sie mit Xcelsius aussagekr?ftige Dashboards und Visualisierungen erstellen, die Ihnen dabei helfen, bessere Unternehmensentscheidungen zu treffen. Gleich im ersten Kapitel erstellen Sie eine komplette, lauff?hige Dashboard-Anwendung. Anschlie?end werden alle wichtigen Komponenten und Techniken f?r die Entwicklung von Dashboards im Detail behandelt. Sie erfahren au?erdem, wie Sie Xcelsius in Ihre BI-Landschaft integrieren: von der Anbindung verschiedener Datenquellen ?ber die Integration mit anderen Werkzeugen bis zu M?glichkeiten f?r die Einbindung von Dashboards in bestehende analytische Applikationen. Das Buch richtet sich vor allem an Leser, die SAP NetWeaver BW nutzen und k?nftig mit Xcelsius arbeiten werden
Monitoring of water from the underground to the tree: first results with a new sap extractor on a riparian woodland
No full textRiparian woodlands are characterized by variable hydrological conditions. Following the mapping of the complex underground water circulation of the wetlands, we studied the water uptake by trees. Although there are numerous analytical techniques available to monitor the water origin and water fluxes, no rapid technique for the extraction of xylem sap exists on the market. For this reason we designed and built a unique machine able to extract sap directly in the field from wood cores in a few minutes. A short description of the machine and its performance is given, prior to reporting the first experimental results obtained in a young riparian woodland along the Garonne River. The results compare the vertical water profile of the soil and the corresponding xylem sap at different roots horizons and in the trunk
MICROMETEOROLOGICAL AND SAP FLOW MEASUREMENT OF WATER VAPOUR EXCHANGES IN OLIVE: SCALING UP FROM CANOPY TO ORCHARD
No full textA comparison of water consumption evaluated at tree and orchard level was carried out in a commercial olive orchard located in Sicily using up-scaled sap-flow evapotranspiration estimations and eddy covariance measurements. Sap flow probes were installed on olive trees placed in one of the four plots characterizing a heterogeneous orchard. Trees were chosen, from a preliminary footprint analysis, in correspondence to the peak of the “relative normalized contribution” to flux for the prevailing wind conditions measured by an eddy covariance station localized in the central part of the orchard. Tree-age and planting density as well as main tree and orchard characteristics (Leaf Area per tree, within plot distribution of Trunk Cross Sectional Area TCSA, height and canopy diameter), were used to characterize the plot-to-plot differences. Both TCSA and LAI adopted as scaling parameters showed a high performance. A good agreement between ETec (daily integral of EC-estimated evapotranspiration) and ETsf (up-scale sap flow ET estimate) was found in correspondence of limited canopy or soil evaporation conditions (absence of rain, dew, irrigation supply). Eddy covariance can be considered a reliable reference for up-scaled sap flow estimations of ET, and sap flow can be used as a replacement (proxy) of eddy covariance when atmospheric conditions invalidate the application of this technique to assess ET
Inverse Dynamics based Energy Assessment and Simulation : IDEAS
No full textThe Standard Assessment Procedure (SAP) is the UK Government’s approved methodology for assessing the energy ratings of dwellings. SAP is a calculation method based upon empirical relations from measured data. A yearly calculation was used in SAP until the release of SAP 2009, which employs monthly calculations. SAP has moved from using a large time step with a coarse time resolution to a smaller time step with a medium time resolution. Rising CO2 emissions from dwellings advocate that properties designed in a sustainable method will become commonplace in the future. In tandem with enhanced sustainability, dwellings will increasingly be designed with implementations of renewable energy generation. The modelling of renewables in SAP has been highlighted as an area where SAP could benefit from additional research. Modelling future complex dwellings and systems will require an advanced calculation method which is capable of more detailed modelling and simulation; with a smaller time step which is measured in minutes and not months, producing results allowing more detailed analysis of energy performance. Dynamic Simulation Methods (DSMs) already exist which can operate at a very small time step. However with DSMs it is very difficult to make a comparison with SAP as the temperatures used in SAP are not well understood. To calculate energy consumption the SAP methodology guarantees that a standard occupancy temperature profile is met perfectly. A dynamic method which also guarantees the SAP standard occupancy temperature profile is required. This is difficult in complex DSMs as their control algorithms are often inadequate to optimise the heating system to guarantee that a temperature is met perfectly. The contribution to knowledge detailed in this thesis is the development of a novel SAP compliant advanced dynamic calculation method (IDEAS) which guarantees that the SAP standard occupancy temperature profile is perfectly tracked and is also calibrated with SAP. The Inverse Dynamics based Energy Assessment and Simulation (IDEAS) method employs the perfect inverse control law RIDE to guarantee that the SAP standard occupancy temperature profile is met. IDEAS produces SAP compliant results and allows confident (i.e. calibrated in SAP) predictions to be made regarding the impact of novel heating and renewable energy systems. Researched in depth are the temperatures used in SAP, leading to analysis of the implications of tracking air temperature and various comfort temperatures. A focused evaluation of the treatment of renewables in SAP and DSMs is also presented, leading to suggestions which were implemented into the SAP framework. The role of real life monitoring in the energy assessment process is highlighted with monitored studies conducted. Also in this thesis case studies applying IDEAS to buildings with renewable heating systems are described. The IDEAS method employs SAP as an exemplar steady state calculation to highlight the successful use and calibration of a new advanced Inverse Dynamics based symbolic method. The philosophy, research and equations derived in IDEAS are presented in this thesis demonstrating their use in Microsoft Excel and Matlab / Simulink environments. The IDEAS methodology is transparent and portable. IDEAS can be applied to other methodologies, such as those employed by PHPP and SBEM (by carrying out a calibration process), and also to different simulation environments such as ESP-r and ESL (by adopting the IDEAS equations in those methods). The contribution to knowledge of IDEAS is demonstrated in this thesis by the development of the method and the use of SAP as a comparator. The IDEAS method has many uses outwith SAP which are highlighted in the cases studies and future work sections of this body of work
Branch sap flow in a mature olive tree: dynamics and relation to architectural traits
No full textThis study examined how sap flow in shoots and branches of a mature olive tree (Olea europaea ‘Coratina’) related to morphological traits which are linked to tree hydraulic architecture. Spatial and temporal variations of sap flow within the tree canopy were investigated; they were analyzed with respect to the ratio between sapwood area and leaf area (SA/LA), and in relation to evaporation demand. The work was carried out on distinct sets of sap flow data, collected using different thermal methods (Heat Field Deformation - HFD and Stem Heat Balance with external heating – SHB). Sap flow density (q) appeared to be governed largely by the ratio SA/LA, irrespective of the strength and heterogeneity of the evaporation demand that affected the tree water loss. The relationship between q and SA/LA suggested a higher efficiency of the water supply pathway when SA/LA was lower, i.e. in smaller (and more distal) branches
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