196,572 research outputs found
Studio delle relazioni tra i composti volatili emessi dall'uomo e le patologie
No full textL’obiettivo di questa tesi è lo studio dei composti volatili che caratterizzano l’odore della pelle. E’ noto come alcune patologie modificano i processi metabolici e conseguentemente la composizione chimica dello spazio di testa di prodotti del metabolismo come urine, espirato, sudore etc. In questo lavoro un sistema olfattivo artificiale basato su sensori di gas a variazione di massa è stato utilizzato per lo studio di patologie della pelle attraverso i composti volatili prodotti nella traspirazione della pelle stessa. In particolare sono state studiate due patologie: il melanoma direttamente coinvolto nella traspirazione della pelle e il tumore del seno. Quest’ultimo non si può propriamente definire una patologia della pelle ma attraverso la traspirazione potrebbe essere rilevato. Per meglio comprendere questi meccanismi nell’ultima parte del lavoro è stata monitorata la crescita di alcune linee cellulari, relative a malattie della pelle. Tali linee cellulari sono state studiate dapprima in vitro e successivamente in vivo inoculandole in cavie da laboratorio. Questi esperimenti sono stati eseguiti
utilizzando un naso elettronico e un Gas Cromatografo con Spettrometro di Massa
(GC/MS). I risultati ottenuti incoraggiano a studiare maggiormente la correlazione tra
gli odori e altre patologie come una nuova metodologia per la diagnosi precoce e
non-invasiva.In this thesis, the volatile compounds surrounding the body have been
analysed. It is known that some pathologies modify a number of metabolic
processes and this results in a modification of the chemical composition of
headspace of some products as urine, breath, sweat. In particular the aim of this
work is to apply an artificial olfactory system based on gas sensor array to study
some pathologies affecting the skin and potentially revealed by volatile
compounds during the patient transpiration . In this study two pathologies have
been investigated, the melanoma obviously directly involved in skin transpiration,
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and breast cancer which is not properly a skin disease, but from skin transpiration
could be revealed. To better clarify these mechanisms in the last part of this work
it has been described an experiment in which the growth of some cell lines,
related to skin diseases has been monitored; this experiment has been conducted
with an electronic nose and a GC/MS firstly in cell coltures, and then in vivo on
mice inoculated with the measured cells.
The results of these experiments encourage to better investigate the role of
odour in the human pathologies as a possible methodology of ‘non-invasive’ early
diagnosis
Binding to DPF-motif by the POB1 EH domain is responsible for POB1-Eps15 interaction
No full textBackground. Eps15 homology (EH) domains are protein interaction modules binding to peptides containing Asn-Pro-Phe (NPF) motifs and mediating critical events during endocytosis and signal transduction. The EH domain of POB1 associates with Eps15, a protein characterized by a striking string of DPF triplets, 15 in human and 13 in mouse Eps15, at the C-terminus and lacking the typical EH-binding NPF motif. Results. By screening a multivalent nonapeptide phage display library we have demonstrated that the EH domain of POB1 has a different recognition specificity since it binds to both NPF and DPF motifs. The region of mouse Eps15 responsible for the interaction with the EH domain of POB1 maps within a 18 amino acid peptide (residues 623-640) that includes three DPF repeats. Finally, mutational analysis in the EH domain of POB1, revealed that several solvent exposed residues, while distal to the binding pocket, mediate specific recognition of binding partners through both hydrophobic and electrostatic contacts. Conclusion. In the present study we have analysed the binding specificity of the POB1 EH domain. We show that it differs from other EH domains since it interacts with both NPF- and DPF-containing sequences. These unusual binding properties could be attributed to a different conformation of the binding pocket that allows to accommodate negative charges; moreover, we identified a cluster of solvent exposed Lys residues, which are only found in the EH domain of POB1, and influence binding to both NPF and DPF motifs. The characterization of structures of the DPF ligands described in this study and the POB1 EH domain will clearly determine the involvement of the positive patch and the rationalization of our findings. © 2007 Santonico et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd
An Innovative Liquid Biosensor for the Detection of Lipid Molecules Involved in Diseases of the Nervous System
No full textA Method Allowing Long Emulsion Exposures To High-energy Neutrinos Also In The Presence Of Intense Time Uncorrelated Background
No full textMNP-based sensor development to evaluate food quality and safety
No full textAmong them all, sensor systems are new
analysis methods that present environmental and economic sustainability
features. These devices contribute significantly to simplifying measurement
processes and to the reliability and precision of measurement results.22 In
the manufacturing and agro-food sectors, this instrumentation is widely
used in monitoring production processes, in food safety and quality control
and to simplify the operator’s work.23 However, the use of magnetic
nanoparticle-based sensors, in this manufacturing field, are not yet widespread.
This chapter highlights the recent applications of these devices in
the agri-food field and their applications in food quality and safety along the
entire supply chain
How and when auditory action effects impair motor performance
No full textMusic performance is characterized by complex cross-modal interactions, offering a remarkable window into training-induced long-term plasticity and multimodal integration processes. Previous research with pianists has shown that playing a musical score is affected by the concurrent presentation of musical tones. We investigated the nature of this audio-motor coupling by evaluating how congruent and incongruent cross-modal auditory cues affect motor performance at different time intervals. We found facilitation if a congruent sound preceded motor planning with a large Stimulus Onset Asynchrony (SOA −300 and −200 ms), whereas we observed interference when an incongruent sound was presented with shorter SOAs (−200, −100 and 0 ms). Interference and facilitation, instead of developing through time as opposite effects of the same mechanism, showed dissociable time-courses suggesting their derivation from distinct processes. It seems that the motor preparation induced by the auditory cue has different consequences on motor performance according to the congruency with the future motor state the system is planning and the degree of asynchrony between the motor act and the sound presentation. The temporal dissociation we found contributes to the understanding of how perception meets action in the context of audio-motor integration
Innovative IAQ Organic Sensor
No full textAbstractAn innovative organic sensor for the monitoring of indoor air quality is described. For office buildings and schools the main requirements are: temperature, RH %, O2 and CO2 concentrations. Moreover low O2 and high CO2 concentrations can be hazardous. There are a lot of sensors based on different principal transducers that are able to detect very low concentrations of CO2, O2, and RH%.The system is based on a resistive interdigital sensor based on an organic sensing material, anthocyanin. Anthocyanins are natural pigments widely distributed in nature: they are produced by plants as secondary metabolites responsible for the pigmentation of many flowers, fruits and vegetables. In this work authors show the possibility to use this innovative organic sensor to monitor indoor air quality by measuring O2 concentration shifts with respect to a standard of 20% (20.000ppm) and the critical CO2 concentration value of about 5% (5000ppm) which is comparable with OSHA (Occupational Safety & Health Administration) standard in an eight-hour time-weighted average (TWA)
Dr. Duane M. Jackson, Morehouse College, July 2011
No full textThis video is a conversation with Dr. Duane M. Jackson. Dr. Jackson talks about his paper, "Recall and the Serial Position Effect: The Role of Primacy and Recency on Accounting Students' Performance." Jackie Daniel, AUC Woodruff Library, is the interviewer
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