42 research outputs found
Development of an efficient protein recovery system using liquid biphasic flotation
No full textAbstract\ud
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Extensive development of biotechnology over the past several decades has induced a great impact in the production of biological products in various industries. To date, major challenges in the biotechnology industry includes the production process of biomolecules with high purity and low cost, whilst retaining functionality. The conventional downstream processing of valuable bioproducts which are widely employed usually involves multi-processing steps, high energy and chemical consumption and often has a large influence on the cost of the finishing product. Therefore, the demand for cost-efficient and simple downstream processes has directed towards an intensive research for exploiting novel separation tool that can achieve high level of product purity with minimum number of processing stages and greener approach. The aim of this thesis is to develop a new separation method that has minimum number of steps, environmentally friendly and with the ability to achieve maximum level of product purity. Liquid biphasic flotation system is a novel technique which incorporates the principles of aqueous two-phase systems and mass transfer mode of solvent sublation. This system has been proposed as an ideal purification technique for separation, purification and concentration of biomolecules. Liquid biphasic flotation have been utilised previously to purify several biomolecules whilst maintaining their functionality. This thesis emphasised on extending the applications, improvising and to diversify liquid biphasic flotation technique as an efficient tool for downstream processing. This thesis has four objectives, in which all the objectives highlight on the usage of liquid biphasic flotation system for maximum biomolecules extraction. The initial part of liquid biphasic flotation application study is to investigate the effect of full and continuous recycling of alcohol and salt phase components in large scale liquid biphasic flotation system for lipase extraction. In this section, main focus was to optimize operating conditions for the recycling of both phase component and to investigate the competence of recycling phase components using liquid biphasic flotation system on a large scale. The liquid biphasic flotation system investigated is composed of 1-propanol and ammonium sulphate whereby both phase components went through complete recycling process. From the results obtained, it is exhibited that by reusing the bottom phase, separation efficiency of lipase was sustained beyond 77.33 % and yield with 80%. This study showed that the recovered phase components could be recycled effectively up to four cycles and able to produce a significantly high yield of lipase. Next study was on a novel approach of liquid biphasic flotation system for lipase recovery utilizing recycling phase components comprising surfactant and sorbitol. This novel method utilized Triton X-100 and xylitol for lipase extraction from Burkholderia cepacia. The scope of this study focuses on eliminating pollution and environmentally friendly process for enzyme extraction via liquid biphasic flotation. This scope is achieved by utilising phase forming components that have recovery and recycling abilities to minimize the use of chemicals for enzyme extraction. A set of optimum conditions were identified which provides a high yield of lipase with 87.49 % and separation efficiency of 86.46%. From the recycling study, it is revealed 97.20% and 98.67% of Triton X-100 and xylitol respectively were recovered after five times of recycling and 75.87% lipase separation efficiency was obtained. Third objective is on the study of the integration process of fermentation and separation of lipase from Burkholderia cepacia using liquid biphasic flotation. Integration process exhibited high lipase separation efficiency reaching 92.29% and a yield of 95.73%. This study has proven the diversification of liquid biphasic flotation system in integration of upstream and downstream processes. Since liquid biphasic flotation system can be utilised for various type of biomolecules, the final study was done to examine the integration process of sonication and protein extraction from microalgae using sugaring-out effect. Various operating conditions were assessed for high separation efficiency and yield of protein. Maximum protein separation efficiency of 86.38% and yield with 93.33% were attained from this integration process. This study demonstrated that liquid biphasic flotation system could be integrated with ultrasound for protein separation. This thesis demonstrates the importance and diverse applications of liquid biphasic flotation for biomolecules extraction. This study has led to several novel discoveries of liquid biphasic flotation applications with economic downstream processes on an industrial scale. \ud
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Keywords: Downstream processing, liquid biphasic flotation, aqueous two-phase systems, solvent sublation, biomolecule
Development of an efficient protein recovery system using liquid biphasic flotation
No full textExtensive development of biotechnology over the past several decades has induced a great impact in the production of biological products in various industries. To date, major challenges in the biotechnology industry includes the production process of biomolecules with high purity and low cost, whilst retaining functionality. The conventional downstream processing of valuable bioproducts which are widely employed usually involves multi-processing steps, high energy and chemical consumption and often has a large influence on the cost of the finishing product. Therefore, the demand for cost-efficient and simple downstream processes has directed towards an intensive research for exploiting novel separation tool that can achieve high level of product purity with minimum number of processing stages and greener approach. The aim of this thesis is to develop a new separation method that has minimum number of steps, environmentally friendly and with the ability to achieve maximum level of product purity. Liquid biphasic flotation system is a novel technique which incorporates the principles of aqueous two-phase systems and mass transfer mode of solvent sublation. This system has been proposed as an ideal purification technique for separation, purification and concentration of biomolecules. Liquid biphasic flotation have been utilised previously to purify several biomolecules whilst maintaining their functionality. This thesis emphasised on extending the applications, improvising and to diversify liquid biphasic flotation technique as an efficient tool for downstream processing. This thesis has four objectives, in which all the objectives highlight on the usage of liquid biphasic flotation system for maximum biomolecules extraction. The initial part of liquid biphasic flotation application study is to investigate the effect of full and continuous recycling of alcohol and salt phase components in large scale liquid biphasic flotation system for lipase extraction. In this section, main focus was to optimize operating conditions for the recycling of both phase component and to investigate the competence of recycling phase components using liquid biphasic flotation system on a large scale. The liquid biphasic flotation system investigated is composed of 1-propanol and ammonium sulphate whereby both phase components went through complete recycling process. From the results obtained, it is exhibited that by reusing the bottom phase, separation efficiency of lipase was sustained beyond 77.33 % and yield with 80%. This study showed that the recovered phase components could be recycled effectively up to four cycles and able to produce a significantly high yield of lipase. Next study was on a novel approach of liquid biphasic flotation system for lipase recovery utilizing recycling phase components comprising surfactant and sorbitol. This novel method utilized Triton X-100 and xylitol for lipase extraction from Burkholderia cepacia. The scope of this study focuses on eliminating pollution and environmentally friendly process for enzyme extraction via liquid biphasic flotation. This scope is achieved by utilising phase forming components that have recovery and recycling abilities to minimize the use of chemicals for enzyme extraction. A set of optimum conditions were identified which provides a high yield of lipase with 87.49 % and separation efficiency of 86.46%. From the recycling study, it is revealed 97.20% and 98.67% of Triton X-100 and xylitol respectively were recovered after five times of recycling and 75.87% lipase separation efficiency was obtained. Third objective is on the study of the integration process of fermentation and separation of lipase from Burkholderia cepacia using liquid biphasic flotation. Integration process exhibited high lipase separation efficiency reaching 92.29% and a yield of 95.73%. This study has proven the diversification of liquid biphasic flotation system in integration of upstream and downstream processes. Since liquid biphasic flotation system can be utilised for various type of biomolecules, the final study was done to examine the integration process of sonication and protein extraction from microalgae using sugaring-out effect. Various operating conditions were assessed for high separation efficiency and yield of protein. Maximum protein separation efficiency of 86.38% and yield with 93.33% were attained from this integration process. This study demonstrated that liquid biphasic flotation system could be integrated with ultrasound for protein separation. This thesis demonstrates the importance and diverse applications of liquid biphasic flotation for biomolecules extraction. This study has led to several novel discoveries of liquid biphasic flotation applications with economic downstream processes on an industrial scale.
Keywords: Downstream processing, liquid biphasic flotation, aqueous two-phase systems, solvent sublation, biomolecule
Biochemical identification of an alkalophilic lactic acid bacterium and testing its fermentative capacity
No full textA newly isolated lactic acid bacteria (LAB) from laboratory of Biofuel R&D (UNIMAS) that has the
capability to produce lactic acid (LA) using hydrolysed sago starch as the only carbon source by fermentation
process was identified biochemically and it’s fermentative capacity was studied by using batch fermentation.
The strain was tested to ferment for some carbohydrates contained biochemical kit test API 20E. The isolated
LAB was used for LA fermentation production. The production biomass and LA production of the LAB
strain were studied with two conditions which were at pH7 and pH8 at temperature of 37°C. From this study,
the strain was identified as Enterococcus faecalis that is able to produce high concentration of LA at pH 8
which is very useful for industrial application. Fermentation at pH 8 produced a maximum dry cell weight of
about 8.48g/L and 130.03g/L of LA, while less production was shown at pH 7 with 5.83g/L and 69g/L. It has
been found that the growth of biomass and LA production for Enterococcus faecalis are influenced by the pH
and the optimum pH for this strain is found to be at pH8
Formulation of Edible Coating for Tomato using Aloe vera with functional ingredients
No full textThis Dissertation / Report is the outcome of investigation carried out by the creator(s) / author(s) at the department/division of Central Food Technological Research Institute (CFTRI), Mysore mentioned below in this page
Biochemical Changes during Ripening in Wood Apple Fruits with reference to Pectic Polysaccharides
No full textThis Dissertation / Report is the outcome of investigation carried out by the creator(s) / author(s) at the department/division of Central Food Technological Research Institute (CFTRI), Mysore mentioned below in this page
Biochemical and Microbiological quality attributes of Cauliflower (Brassica oleraceae cv botrytis) during Storage
No full textThis Dissertation / Report is the outcome of investigation carried out by the creator(s) / author(s) at the department/division of Central Food Technological Research Institute (CFTRI), Mysore mentioned below in this page
Modelling Phenol Degradation Under Saline Conditions by AnMBR Biomass
No full textThis study is part of a project titled: “Phenolic compounds degradation in AnMBR under mesophilic and thermophilic operation: BioXtreme-following up”. Phenol is a toxic contaminant found widely in industrial effluents. It is toxic to humans and animals even at very low concentrations. Anaerobic digestion uses phenol as a carbon source and then to degrade it to non-toxic products for lower costs. Industrial effluents are also likely to have high concentrations of salinity which causes inhibition at high concentrations. Anaerobic membrane bioreactors are an attractive method as it enables biomass retention for biomass. The aim of this study is to understand the effect of Na+ concentration in a batch phenol degradation by phenol adapted mesophilic AnMBR biomass. NaCl concentration ranging from 0-90 g/L were tested on adapted AnMBR biomass. COD, phenol degradation, particle size distribution and methane production of adapted AnMBR biomass were analysed. The results from the batch test were used to model kinetic parameters. The biomass was acclimatized to 30 g/L of NaCl in AnMBR. Phenol removal of 98% was observed at 30 g/LNaCl and it decreased further with elevated salinity. Similarly, biogas production was also highest for 30g/L NaCl and decreased further with higher NaCl concentration. The highest value for SMA of 0.10 ± 0 gCOD-CH4.gVSS-1 d -1 was observed for 30g/L. However, the data did not indicate a specific trend with increasing salinity and showed high variability. The data showed poor fit to both Haldane and Monod growth model as these models were used for substrate inhibition. Modelling with modified Gompertz equation also failed to yield any conclusive results.Bioxtrem
Cascade Anaerobic Digestion to enhance Waste Activated Sludge Degradation
No full textLarge amounts of residual waste activated sludge are produced as by-products during biological wastewater treatment processes. Anaerobic digestion is a widely accepted stabilisation method for waste activated sludge (WAS) treatment. However, the application of anaerobic digestion is limited by the long retention time and low degradation efficiency of compounds. Structural extra cellular polymeric substances (EPS) are metabolic products released by microorganisms that play an important role in the disintegration of sludge structure. The limitations in anaerobic digestion mentioned above pertain to the hydrolysis step in anaerobic digestion. The cascade reactor (cascade AD) system i.e. continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) in series, is a robust reactor system that is expected to enhance the hydrolysis step and to show a superior performance at low solid retention time compared to a conventional CSTR. This research is aimed at observing the difference in performance of cascade AD and a conventional CSTR at shortened retention time. Various indicators were used to understand the performance enhancement of a cascade AD in comparison to a conventional CSTR. Moreover, the degradation of structural EPS by selected enzyme groups such as protease, cellulase and polygalacturonase were also studied. The cascade AD showed better performance than a conventional CSTR at a retention time of 22 and 15 days. This improved performance was enabled by the smaller reactors in cascade AD that provided higher hydrolysis rate. Higher removal efficiency of protein, carbohydrate and structural EPS was observed in cascade AD. Improved ammonium and phosphate release were also indications of better performance of cascade AD. Although the mass balance in nitrogen was maintained in the reactor system, phosphorous mass balance indicated possibilities of precipitation. The batch tests performed with the enzyme protease, cellulase and polygalacturonase were aimed at understanding the degradation of SEPS. It was inferred from the test that volatile suspended solids proved to be a better indicator for solubilisation compared to COD and ammonium concentration. Protease showed higher solubilisation compared to cellulase and polygalacturonase. Particle size distribution did not indicate a significant difference upon the addition of all three enzyme groups; indicating that a significant change in structure was not caused by the enzymes. Hydrolysis kinetics and SEPS degradation could not be derived from the test because of the variations in results based on the substrates used. Nevertheless, the tests proved to be useful in improving methodology for deriving hydrolysis kinetics of WAS. In conclusion, the novel cascade AD showed better performance at shortened retention time. The system also showed stable performance despite the shortened retention time compared to a conventional CSTR. Thus, the stable performance suggests the opportunities to further lower the retention time in cascade AD.Civil Engineering | Environmental Engineerin
