1,721,378 research outputs found
Preparation and in vitro characterization of microspheres containing a macrolide drug: rokitamicin
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Current Status of Polysaccharides-Based Drug Delivery Systems for Nervous Tissue Injuries Repair
No full textNeurological disorders affecting both CNS and PNS still represent one of the most critical and challenging pathologies, therefore many researchers have been focusing on this field in recent decades. Spinal cord injury (SCI) and peripheral nerve injury (PNI) are severely disabling diseases leading to dramatic and, in most cases, irreversible sensory, motor, and autonomic impairments. The challenging pathophysiologic consequences involved in SCI and PNI are demanding the development of more effective therapeutic strategies since, as yet, a therapeutic strategy that can effectively lead to a complete recovery from such pathologies is not available. Drug delivery systems (DDSs) based on polysaccharides have been receiving more and more attention for a wide range of applications, due to their outstanding physical-chemical properties. This review aims at providing an overview of the most studied polysaccharides used for the development of DDSs intended for the repair and regeneration of a damaged nervous system, with particular attention to spinal cord and peripheral nerve injury treatments. In particular, DDSs based on chitosan and their association with alginate, dextran, agarose, cellulose, and gellan were thoroughly revised
Chitosan/Albumin Coating Factorial Optimization of Alginate/Dextran Sulfate Cores for Oral Delivery of Insulin
No full textThe design of nanoparticle formulations composed of biopolymers, that govern the physicochemical properties of orally delivered insulin, relies on improving insulin stability and absorption through the intestinal mucosa while protecting it from harsh conditions in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Chitosan/polyethylene glycol (PEG) and albumin coating of alginate/dextran sulfate hydrogel cores are presented as a multilayer complex protecting insulin within the nanoparticle. This study aims to optimize a nanoparticle formulation by assessing the relationship between design parameters and experimental data using response surface methodology through a 3-factor 3-level optimization Box–Behnken design. While the selected independent variables were the concentrations of PEG, chitosan and albumin, the dependent variables were particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), zeta potential, and insulin release. Experimental results showed a nanoparticle size ranging from 313 to 585 nm, with PDI from 0.17 to 0.39 and zeta potential ranging from −29 to −44 mV. Insulin bioactivity was maintained in simulated GI media with over 45% cumulative release after 180 min in a simulated intestinal medium. Based on the experimental responses and according to the criteria of desirability on the experimental region’s constraints, solutions of 0.03% PEG, 0.047% chitosan and 1.20% albumin provide an optimum nanoparticle formulation for insulin oral delivery
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