12 research outputs found
Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist and interleukin-1β-511 gene polymorphisms among Egyptian children with febrile seizures
No full textFebrile seizures (FSs) are the most common form of childhood seizures. The higher levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in children may induce seizures, and alternatively, higher levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines may act as a defense mechanism against seizures. We aimed to investigate whether interleukin (IL)-1β-511 C/T (pro-inflammatory cytokine) (rs16944) and IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) (an anti-inflammatory cytokine) gene polymorphisms could be
used as markers for prediction of susceptibility to FSs. The current study included 22 patients with FSs and 22 normal control subjects. All patients were subjected to thorough history taking, full neurological examination, electroencephalography, and peripheral blood sampling for genotype analyses.
Detection of IL-1Ra gene polymorphisms was done using polymerase chain reaction (PCR), while a restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of the PCR products was used for the detection of IL-1β-511 C/T gene polymorphisms. The mean age of onset of first febrile seizures was 15.7 months.
Eighteen (81.8 %) cases had the criteria of complex FSs. Frequencies of alleles C and T for IL-1β-511 were 26/44 and 18/44, respectively, in FS patients and 22/44 for both in the control subjects. The CC genotype was significantly more common in the FS patients than in the control group. The IL-1Ra-I homozygote was more frequent in patients with FSs than in healthy controls. The IL-1Ra homozygous I/I and IL-1β-511 CC gene polymorphisms are associated with a higher susceptibility to febrile seizures, which may be useful markers for predicting the development of febrile seizures
Adaptive building envelopes of multistory buildings as an example of high performance building skins
No full textRecently developed generation of high-performance skins greatly leads to the emersion of innovative manufactures integrating real-time environmental response, enhanced materials, dynamic automation with built in microprocessors, wireless sensors and actuators, and design-for-manufacture techniques. This application has basically alter the thinking way of architects in the early design stages of the building with a shifting in importance from form to performance, from structure to envelope. In the field of high-performance buildings, the envelope begins to be the setting of research and development. The aim of the paper is to discuss the design of three strategies used in constructing adaptive building envelopes of multistory buildings, integrating improved energy performance and architectural innovation, in order to Control the physical environmental factors (heat, light, sounds), as well as improving occupants’ comfort. Finally, three case studies are analyzed to unveil the implementation of these strategies on constructing structures and study their effects on the building energy savings. Scope and objective: The objective of this paper is to illustrate and discuss new conceptual ways of designing adaptive building envelopes of multistory structures that respond to environmental changes in the surrounding climate of different places in the world, and how the usage of such adaptive envelopes can help reduce the energy consumption of the building. Methodology: The literature survey will first discuss the characteristics and properties of high performance facades. After that, the paper present and analyze existing examples and ideas of adaptive envelopes, gaining an overall understanding of the concept of three adaptive building envelopes. In addition, at the same time develop knowledge of the materials commonly used and how they perform. Finally, three case studies are presented to analyze the implementation of the three adaptive envelopes strategies and observe their effects on the building energy savings. Keywords: Adaptive envelopes, Adaptive architecture, Smart materials, Intelligent facades, Responsive facad
Effect of Educational Intervention on Pediatric Diabetes self Care Practices
No full textAbstract: Background: Diabetes mellitus is among the most common chronic illnesses in childhood, it is a chronic metabolic condition affecting the child’s physical and physiological growth and development. Aim of the study: Study the effect of educational intervention on pediatric diabetes self care practices. Research design: A quasi experimental design (one group pre/post test) was used in the study. Settings: The present study was carried out at pediatric outpatient unit affiliated to Suez Canal University Hospitals and Health Insurance Hospital at Ismailia city. Sample: A non probability purposive sample (30) of diabetic children at the previously mentioned settings. Tools for data collection: The data were collected using two tools namely structured interview questionnaire and observational checklists to assess diabetes self care practices. Results: There was statistically significant difference in the total mean scores of satisfactory knowledge and self care practice pre/immediate post educational intervention. The total satisfactory knowledge was 100% immediate post educational intervention compared with 6.7% pre intervention. The total satisfactory level of self care practice was 100% immediate post educational intervention compared with 63.3% pre educational intervention. Conclusion: The educational intervention had a positive effect on children's diabetes self care practices. Recommendations: Periodic educational interventions are required to achieve positive change on diabetic children's self care practices.
Keywords: Diabetic children, educational intervention, Knowledge, Nursing, Practice.
Title: Effect of Educational Intervention on Pediatric Diabetes self Care Practices
Author: Hadeer Hussien Soliman, Wafaa El- Sayed Ouda, Manal Farouk Mohamed, Rehab Hassan Kafl
International Journal of Novel Research in Healthcare and Nursing
ISSN 2394-7330
Vol. 9, Issue 3, September 2022 - December 2022
Page No: 55-64
Novelty Journals
Website: www.noveltyjournals.com
Published Date: 27-September-2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7115915
Paper Download Link (Source)
https://www.noveltyjournals.com/upload/paper/Effect%20of%20Educational%20Intervention-27092022-1.pdfInternational Journal of Novel Research in Healthcare and Nursing, ISSN 2394-7330, Novelty Journals, Website: www.noveltyjournals.co
Seizures and intellectual outcome: Clinico-radiological study of 30 Egyptian cases of tuberous sclerosis complex
No full textEarly detection and diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in asymptomatic male smokers and ex-smokers using spirometry
No full textBackground: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has a great role for causing long-lasting morbidity of the body, also early death in addition to great cost for healthcare system. Tobacco smoking represents the most predominant risk factor for causing this disease. The early symptoms like cough and wheeze are commonly overlooked by the patients without good screening and then they will have dyspnea after doing mild to moderate exertion and when they reach this time, about half of the ventilatory reserve can be lost. The use of Spirometry represents the best standard to diagnose and follow up of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Aim of study: The study aimed to early detect and diagnose chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in asymptomatic male smokers and ex-smokers by spirometry. Patients and methods: Consecutive asymptomatic male current smokers (n=100) and ex-smokers (n=100) were participated in screening. All Participants have no history of (COPD), asthma, chronic pulmonary illness or active pulmonary symptoms. Also, all of them not on bronchodilators, inhaled corticosteroids, montelukast, or theophylline. Results: A total of 100 asymptomatic male current smokers and 100 asymptomatic male ex-smokers were screened by using spirometer, the procedure of using spirometer was done according to the guidelines of American Thoracic Society and European Respiratory Society. Overall, airway obstruction was seen in 49% current smokers, 22% of patients had mild obstruction and 27% subjects. Thirteen patients (13%) had mild obstruction while 39% cases had moderate obstruction. Conclusions: The early detection of COPD is very important for cessation of smoking in addition to prevent the exacerbation of COPD, improve pulmonary function, life quality and reduce mortality
Physical model tests of the notional permeability on breakwaters
No full textBreakwaters are important objects to protect coastal- and harbour areas. To minimalize the probability of failure of breakwaters, a lot of research has been conducted concerning the stability of breakwaters. After Iribarren and Hudson, an influential research is conducted by Van der Meer. The literature research of this report will provide more background information concerning their researches on the stability of breakwaters. Van der Meer tested three sorts of breakwater constructions. The first breakwater structure contained a homogeneous construction (P=0.6) The second and third structure consisted of respectively a construction with impermeable core (P=0.1) and a structure with a filter layer and a permeable core (P=0.5). These variants of breakwaters were constructed with different slopes angles to require as much information possible concerning the stability of breakwaters. Van der Meer discovered two formulas for the stability of breakwaters. The first formula is used for plunging waves while the second formula is used for surging waves.Within these formulas, important factors as damage, wave height and notional permeability are included. The most important parameter of the formulas of Van der Meer is the notional permeability factor P. Van der Meer conducted his research on three different constructions and has designed a fourth construction based on the stability curves. This fourth construction has a value of permeability of 0.4. This value is estimated based on curve fitting. Following the research done by Van der Meer, Kik has subsequently researched the notional permeability of three breakwater constructions. Firstly, Kik repeated the test with a construction of impermeable core (model 1/P=0.08) and the test with the construction of filter layer and permeable core (model 2/ P=0.05) of Van der Meer. Lastly, Kik did a third test existing of a variant of the design of the fourth construction of Van der Meer (model 3 / P=0.35). Concluding from his research, Kik stated that the ‘Root mean square equation’ is a reliable method to determine the notional permeability P. During this research the influence of the thickness of the filter layer on the notional permeability P is studied. This research will also try to answer the question whether other relevant aspects might influence the notional permeability as well. The elaboration of this research is performed in a practical way in a wave flume in the water laboratory of the faculty of civil engineering of the TU Delft. Scale models of the breakwaters were constructed to test the notional permeability of the breakwaters. In the water laboratory three models were tested. Firstly, model 3 of Kik is repeated as model 3A, with a calculated value of notional permeability P 0.38. The construction of model 3A is build with a top layer, filter layer 1, filter layer 2 and a impermeable core. Second, another variant of model 3 of Kik is designed and tested (model 4). However, the measured damage figures were too low and therefore they could not be used to calculate a value for the notional permeability P. The construction of model four is build with a top layer, filter layer 1, filter layer 2 which is thicker as model 3A and an impermeable core. Finally, model 5 is tested with a calculated value of notional permeability of P 0.45. This model is designed from the fourth construction of Van der Meer. The construction of model 5 is build with a top layer, filter layer 1 and a permeable core with the same material of filter layer 2 of model 3A and model 4. The results of this research show that the influences of the notional permeability P exists of the ratio of the armour layer thickness and the thickness of the second filter layer. If the layer thicknesses are equal the value for notional permeability P is 0.38, which follows from model 3A. If the second layer has an infinite thickness (permeable core), the value for notional permeability P is 0.45, which follows from model 5. The value of the notional permeability P of model 5 corresponds to the design calculations of the computer model HADEER. Van der Meer discovered using this computer model that the ratio of dn50a/ dn50f = 5 has a value on the notional permeability P of 0.43 –0.44. During this research, while using two different methods, a value of the notional permeability P of 0.45 was calculated.coastal engineeringHydraulic EngineeringCivil Engineering and Geoscience
Prenatal genotyping of Gaucher disease in Egypt
No full textAbstractObjectiveTo use chorionic villi sampling (CVS) and amniocentesis to determine the genotyping of Gaucher Disease (GD) of fetuses of pregnant mothers who had a previous child affected by GD.MethodsThe study was conducted between January 2009 and December 2012. It included 42 pregnant women that gave informed written consent. Thirty mothers presented early so they underwent CVS at 10–12weeks of pregnancy while 12 mothers presented later and underwent amniocentesis at 14–16weeks. Strip assay for the identification of Glucocerebrosidase (GBA) gene mutations in the samples of chrorionic villi and amniotic fluid was based on polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and reverse hybridization.ResultsThe age of the studied pregnant women ranged from 19 to 26years. Consanguinity was present in 38 cases. Eighteen women were pregnant in affected fetuses. The results of genotyping revealed 15 cases were homozygous L444P/L444P and one case homozygous (N370s/N370s) while two cases were heterogeneous (L444P/D409H). Twenty-four pregnant women had carrier fetuses which were all heterozygous L444P.ConclusionThis study highlights the findings of an extended gene mutation examination for prenatal diagnosis of Guacher Disease. The study found out that the most common mutation was L444P/L444P
Essential Oils Extracted from Boswellia sacra Oleo Gum Resin Loaded into PLGA–PCL Nanoparticles: Enhanced Cytotoxic and Apoptotic Effects against Breast Cancer Cells
No full textThis work aims to develop and optimize blended polylactide-co-glycolide (PLGA) and poly(ε-caprolactone, PCL)
loaded with Boswellia sacra oil (BO)
to improve BO’s physicochemical properties and anti-breast
cancer effects via enhancing apoptosis. In this context,
BO was extracted from B. sacra oleo
gum resins (BO) via hydrodistillation and chemically
characterized by evaluating its essential oil’s composition
using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Then, BO/PLGA–PCL
NPs were formulated using the emulsion (O/W) solvent evaporation technique
using a PLGA–PCL mixture at five different ratios (1:1, 2:1,
3:1, 1:2, and 1:3, respectively). The optimized NPs had a spherical
morphology with no agglomerations and the lowest hydrodynamic size
(230.3 ± 3.7 nm) and polydispersity index (0.13 ± 0.03)
and the highest ζ potential (−20.36 ± 4.89 mV),
as compared to the rest of the formulas. PLGA–PCL NPs could
entrap 80.59 ± 3.37% of the BO and exhibited a controlled, sustained
release of BO (83.74 ± 3.34%) over 72 h. Encapsulating BO in
the form of BO/PLGA–PCL NPs resulted in a lower IC50 value as assessed by the MTT assay. Furthermore and upon assessing
the apoptotic effect of both BO and BO/PLGA–PCL NPs, there
was an increase in the percentage of apoptotic and necrotic cell percentages
compared to the control and free BO. Encapsulation of BO in PLGA–PCL
NPs doubled the percentage of apoptotic and necrotic cells exerted
by free BO. These findings support the potential use of BO/PLGA–PCL
NPs in treating breast cancer
Effects of hospital facilities on patient outcomes after cancer surgery: an international, prospective, observational study
No full text© 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 licenseBackground: Early death after cancer surgery is higher in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) compared with in high-income countries, yet the impact of facility characteristics on early postoperative outcomes is unknown. The aim of this study was to examine the association between hospital infrastructure, resource availability, and processes on early outcomes after cancer surgery worldwide. Methods: A multimethods analysis was performed as part of the GlobalSurg 3 study—a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study of patients who had surgery for breast, colorectal, or gastric cancer. The primary outcomes were 30-day mortality and 30-day major complication rates. Potentially beneficial hospital facilities were identified by variable selection to select those associated with 30-day mortality. Adjusted outcomes were determined using generalised estimating equations to account for patient characteristics and country-income group, with population stratification by hospital. Findings: Between April 1, 2018, and April 23, 2019, facility-level data were collected for 9685 patients across 238 hospitals in 66 countries (91 hospitals in 20 high-income countries; 57 hospitals in 19 upper-middle-income countries; and 90 hospitals in 27 low-income to lower-middle-income countries). The availability of five hospital facilities was inversely associated with mortality: ultrasound, CT scanner, critical care unit, opioid analgesia, and oncologist. After adjustment for case-mix and country income group, hospitals with three or fewer of these facilities (62 hospitals, 1294 patients) had higher mortality compared with those with four or five (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 3·85 [95% CI 2·58–5·75]; p<0·0001), with excess mortality predominantly explained by a limited capacity to rescue following the development of major complications (63·0% vs 82·7%; OR 0·35 [0·23–0·53]; p<0·0001). Across LMICs, improvements in hospital facilities would prevent one to three deaths for every 100 patients undergoing surgery for cancer. Interpretation: Hospitals with higher levels of infrastructure and resources have better outcomes after cancer surgery, independent of country income. Without urgent strengthening of hospital infrastructure and resources, the reductions in cancer-associated mortality associated with improved access will not be realised. Funding: National Institute for Health and Care Research
Global variation in postoperative mortality and complications after cancer surgery: a multicentre, prospective cohort study in 82 countries
No full text© 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 licenseBackground: 80% of individuals with cancer will require a surgical procedure, yet little comparative data exist on early outcomes in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We compared postoperative outcomes in breast, colorectal, and gastric cancer surgery in hospitals worldwide, focusing on the effect of disease stage and complications on postoperative mortality. Methods: This was a multicentre, international prospective cohort study of consecutive adult patients undergoing surgery for primary breast, colorectal, or gastric cancer requiring a skin incision done under general or neuraxial anaesthesia. The primary outcome was death or major complication within 30 days of surgery. Multilevel logistic regression determined relationships within three-level nested models of patients within hospitals and countries. Hospital-level infrastructure effects were explored with three-way mediation analyses. This study was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03471494. Findings: Between April 1, 2018, and Jan 31, 2019, we enrolled 15 958 patients from 428 hospitals in 82 countries (high income 9106 patients, 31 countries; upper-middle income 2721 patients, 23 countries; or lower-middle income 4131 patients, 28 countries). Patients in LMICs presented with more advanced disease compared with patients in high-income countries. 30-day mortality was higher for gastric cancer in low-income or lower-middle-income countries (adjusted odds ratio 3·72, 95% CI 1·70–8·16) and for colorectal cancer in low-income or lower-middle-income countries (4·59, 2·39–8·80) and upper-middle-income countries (2·06, 1·11–3·83). No difference in 30-day mortality was seen in breast cancer. The proportion of patients who died after a major complication was greatest in low-income or lower-middle-income countries (6·15, 3·26–11·59) and upper-middle-income countries (3·89, 2·08–7·29). Postoperative death after complications was partly explained by patient factors (60%) and partly by hospital or country (40%). The absence of consistently available postoperative care facilities was associated with seven to 10 more deaths per 100 major complications in LMICs. Cancer stage alone explained little of the early variation in mortality or postoperative complications. Interpretation: Higher levels of mortality after cancer surgery in LMICs was not fully explained by later presentation of disease. The capacity to rescue patients from surgical complications is a tangible opportunity for meaningful intervention. Early death after cancer surgery might be reduced by policies focusing on strengthening perioperative care systems to detect and intervene in common complications. Funding: National Institute for Health Research Global Health Research Unit
