1,721,060 research outputs found
The oxidation effect of palm oil based lubricant using four - ball tribotester
No full textLubrications industry is widely expand throughout the years. Well established mineral oil based promised the highest demand all over the world. But as the environmental concern is debated at most of world conferences, people are thinking to find the alternative for mineral oil replacement due to its non-biodegradable behaviour. The best suited source that having quite a par characteristic with mineral oil is vegetable oil. Vegetable oil is well known with its super bio-degradable characteristic. The source is renewable and does not require huge cost as compared to mineral and synthetic oil in term of exploration, development, production and transportation. Palm oil based is best suited among the vegetable oil series because of its stability and sources around the world. The major issue of palm oil based lubricant is low oxidative stability as the lubricant is commonly used at very high temperature and long shelf life application. Therefore some modification of molecule structure is needed by adding selected anti-oxidant at certain ratios. Tertier-butyl-hydroquinone (TBHQ) is used as anti-oxidantin this study. The results showing that a sufficient concentration of anti-oxidantprovides better solution for the low oxidative stability issues raised in palm oil based lubricants. The TBHQ also showed good characteristic in protecting two mating surfaces in wear scar analysis
Experimental study on the effect of different speed using pin on disc tribotester
No full textProblems during interaction between two metal contact surfaces when friction, wear and excessive heat occurred. This interaction between two surfaces of moving parts of the metal have to be controlled by lubrication flow whose function to reduce friction and wear, prevent oxidation and also corrosion on the metal surface contact. The effect through this problem, it will decrease life of each component and economic wasted. The purpose of this paper is to investigate wear rates and friction force on sliding surfaces, wear scar diameter with different lubricating oil. This paper evaluates using a pin on disc tribotester according to the ASTM G99-95a.The results show RBD palm olein is lower than hydraulic oil for coefficient friction and wear scar diameter lubricated with RBD palm olein lower at low and high speed compared to the hydraulic oil. As a conclusion, RBD palm olein has better performance properties in terms of friction reduction (coefficient of friction) and wear resistance (anti-wear properties) at low and high speed. Therefore, RBD palm olein has possibility to use as a lubricant of mating components
Experimental study of spherical pins under varying load condition using pin-on-disk tribotester.
No full textThis meeting would provide a platform to foster discussion and exchange ideas, experiences, challenges, solutions, new methods and techniques and exploration of future research avenues in the fields of Fluid Mechanics, Heat Transfer, Thermody-namic, and Thermal Engineering. The idea of having IMAT was originally mooted by the Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia (UI), with the full support of the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM) and the Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore (NUS
Friction condition of aluminum alloy AA6061 lubricated with bio-lubricant in cold forging test
No full textPurpose: Cold forging operation is one of the widely used techniques in industry production. This paper aims to present a case study in highlighting and modelling the use of different type of palm oil-based [palm stearin (PS), palm kernel oil (PKO) and palm mid olein (PMO)] as a bio-lubricant in cold forging process using experimental and finite element method. Design/methodology/approach: Ring compression test plays a fundamental role in the understanding of materials science and engineering because of the deformation, friction and wear behaviour. Aluminium (A6061) was used in this test to observe the deformation of the ring with different palm oil and its derivatives by comparing with commercial metal forming oil. Findings: The presence of certain type of palm oil-based lubricant has a good performance compared to mineral-based oil in terms of surface roughness but when observed in terms of friction the result shows that palm oil-based lubricant has poor friction performance compared to mineral oil-based lubricant (m = 0.25), where PS has the lowest friction at m = 0.3 compared to PKO (m = 0.35) and PMO (m = 0.38). Research limitations/implications: This research is using palm oil in cold forging test to study the friction, formation and stress at certain levels of stroke. The detail of the test is explained in the manuscript as attached. Social implications: This research is trying to promote the use of biodegradable material to reduce pollution to the surrounding. Originality/value: The originality of this paper has been checked using Turnitin and the result is 13%
Tribological behaviour of zinc dialkyl-dithiophosphate (zddp) as a lubricant additive in rbd palm stearin
No full textThe effects of ZDDP additive concentrations in refined, bleached and deodorized (RBD) palm stearin on the tribological behaviour were tested. Pure RBD palm stearin and additive added with concentration of 0%, 1%, 3% and 5% (in weightage) were used in pin-on-disk triboteter (ASTM G99). Tests were performed under 3.5 m/s sliding speed and 9.81 N force applied on the pin. Each test was run in an hour at room temperature. Friction and wear performance of pure RBD palm stearin and ZDDP-added were compared. The results show that the presence of ZDDP additive in RBD palm stearin improved both friction and wear performance. ZDDP additive also can effectively act as antioxidant agent in RBD palm steari
Wear behaviour of palm olein at different operating temperature
No full textOne of the main disadvantages of vegetable oil as an industrial lubricant is its poor performance at high temperature. In this experimental work, the performance of refined, bleached and deodorized (RBD) palm olein was tested at different operating temperatures using four-ball tribometer, following the procedure of ASTM D 4172. The result produced by RBD palm olein was compared with the result by additive free paraffinic mineral oil. The result showed that the RBD palm olein had lower coefficient of friction compared to the paraffinic mineral oil. However, the wear scars on the ball bearings surface lubricated with RBD palm olein were larger compared to those lubricated with paraffinic mineral oil
Improvement of the lubrication performance of RBD palm stearin as an alternative lubricant under different sliding speeds
No full textVegetable oils have gained global att-ention to be used as an alternative lubricant to reduce the dependency on natural resources of petroleum-based lubricants due to concern over environmental problems. In this study, a refined, bleached and deodorized (RBD) palm stearin was chosen as the base lubricant, and its lubrication performance was investigated using a pin-on-disk tribotester. A zinc dialkyl-dithiophosphate (ZDDP) additive in concentrations of 1 wt%, 3 wt% and 5 wt% was blended with RBD palm stearin to improve the lubrication performance of the base lubricant. Commercial semi-synthetic oil (SAE15W50) was used for comparison purposes. The experiments were conducted under various sliding speeds (1.5 ms(-1), 2.5 ms(-1) and 3.5 ms(-1)) under normal force of 9.81 N for an hour. The lubrication performance of the tested lubricants was presented by the coefficient of friction, wear scar diameter, wear rate, surface roughness and wear worn surface of the pin specimen. The results show that an increase in ZDDP concentrations has improved the lubrication performance of the RBD palm stearin. RBD palm stearin with 5 wt% ZDDP additive shows a smaller coefficient of friction than that of SAE15W50, but creates a slightly larger wear scar diameter and wear rate
A new method to maintain lubricant layer in extrusion process
No full textThe present research concerns on the study of the effects of micro-pits arrays formed on the taper die surface. The micro-pits are diamond in shape. The evaluation of micro-pits was carried out by cold forward plane strain extrusion experiments. The experimental results were compared with the results obtained from the plane strain extrusion experimental works with taper die without micro-pits. The lubricant used in this experimental works is additive free paraffinic mineral oil. The experimental results are focusing on the extrusion load, billet surface roughness and grid pattern observation. From the result, the existence of the micro-pits influenced the extrusion load. At the same time, the micro-pits array affected the work piece surface roughness after the extrusion process. The lubricant viscosity also manipulates the quality of work piece after the experiments. From this works, we could conclude that the micro-pits formed on the taper die would create different frictional constraint compared to those without the micro-pits
- …
