1,271 research outputs found
Teenage Pregnancies in Nepal – The Problem Status and Socio-Legal Concerns
No full textIntroduction: Teenage pregnancy is an issue that needs to be addressed for a better health of the women and the society. The present analysis is undertaken to find out the incidence of teenage mothers who have had hospital delivery and focuses upon the various reasons for teenage pregnancy with a brief discussion upon the associated medicolegal and social aspects.
Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out in a tertiary hospital in western region of Nepal. The delivery case register were reviewed for teenage pregnancies and the relevant data was captured in a data sheet and analysed.
Results: During the study period, a total of sixty-nine teenage pregnancies culminated into delivery/ childbirth. The mean age of teenage mother was 18.16±0.99 years. Majority of the teenage mothers had not completed their secondary education and were of low socioeconomic strata. Mode of delivery was caesarean section in thirty four cases, whereas vaginal delivery was conducted in thirty five cases. Live births accounted for 67 deliveries, a still birth case was of anencephalic foetus while the other one was a preterm which was spontaneously delivered at the 23rd weeks of gestation.
Conclusions: Education and awareness in the form of campaign, advertisements, road shows, television or radio programmes are suggested for a decline in the rate of teenage marriages and teenage pregnancies in Nepal in the days to come
COVID-19 And Nepal: A Gender Perspective
No full textThe ongoing Corona Virus Disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic is in its height, the measures taken to control the spread of this pandemic is acute and harsh. With the increasing new cases every hour it has caused a panic among every individual. Economy of the countries are equally affected. However, the direct and indirect impactof this pandemic on gender related needs are least prioritized and discussed. Evidences so far reveal the mortality being proportionately higher in males.This fact may not remain the same in Nepalese context becausewomen are more vulnerable in this low-income country where limited resources are allotted to women’s health. Majority of the workforce at frontline health care are women in the form of nurses, midwives and female community health volunteers (FCHV). Government of Nepal has decided to mobilize FCHVs for COVID-19 response in the community and these FCHVs who provide services at ground levels are at occupational risk of acquiring the infection
Evaluation and analysis of impact of subsidies on small scale renewable energy technologies dissemination: a case study of Nepal
No full textThe report has analysed the status of rural electrification using renewable energy technologies (RETs) and the current subsidy delivery modality of RETs in Nepal. As the Government of Nepal is subsidizing small scale renewable energy projects, it is important to evaluate and analyse the programme to make sure that a programme is running in an effective and efficient way while reaching the target group.
During the course of the research, primary information collected from the field has been compiled using appropriate tools/software (such as MS Office) and analyzed. Different sets of questionnaires were prepared, targeting different personnel ranging from the users’ level to the government policy level. The field survey methods include field observations of RETs installations and operations along with interviews with selected users on a random sampling basis to identify barriers to subsidy delivery and possible measures to overcome these barriers; to determine user satisfaction level and time period for subsidy delivery mechanisms.
The report started with the country background information and the rationale behind the study. This is followed by the literature review and information on the current status of small scale RETs in the country. Next it deals with the organizational structure and current subsidy delivery modality of RETs in the country. The evaluation of the effectiveness of the subsidy with the current subsidy delivery modality has been analyzed based on six parameters; Targets and Achievements, Impact of RETs, Subsidy Delivery System Efficiency, Transparency, Sustainability and Effectiveness.
The research shows that the subsidized government program has been successful in achieving its goal to provide basic energy services in rural areas through RETs in terms of its quantitative target. Although the subsidized program is successful in electrifying the rural communities via RETs, the poorest of the poor families are still excluded from the subsidy. The program seems to benefit more the rich and upper middle class families rather than the poor families for which the subsidy was intended. The high capital cost and long subsidy delivery process are the main important reasons for this failure. The author has proposed a new modality which might overcome the time barriers and bureaucratic process in the subsidy delivery mechanism and will decrease the lead time. This will in turn help to reduce the operational cost of the private companies and will encourage more players to enter the market, increase competition and result in lower system costs.
After identifying gaps in the current subsidy delivery modality, the project report ends with the recommendation of a new modality improving the current modality and filling the gaps identified. As this study has some limitations, as described in chapter one, the scope of further works has been listed at the end
Antenatal to Postnatal: Assessing the Continuum of Maternal Health Service Utilization in Palpa, Nepal.
No full textIntroduction: One of the most prioritized programs of Government of Nepal is maternal health. Optimum utilization of maternal health services during pregnancy, delivery and post-natal period is an effective approache to reduce the maternal morbidity and mortality that helps us achieve the sustainable development goals target. This study aimed to assess the utilization of maternal health services including antenatal, intranatal and postnatal services among women in the Palpa district of Nepal. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 168 mothers in their reproductive age using a convenient sampling method. The study included those mothers who had a delivered a child in the past two years, in Palpa district. The data collection commenced from March to September 2023. The data analysis was conducted using Statistical Package for Social Sciences software (v 21.0). Results: A remarkable finding in the present study was 88.1% of mothers had utilized a minimum of four antenatal check-ups, as recommended by the Government of Nepal. Out of 168 mothers included in the present study 89.9% had institutional delivery while the remainder had home delivery. Post-natal check-ups following delivery was surprisingly uncommon as it was observed that only 28% mothers sought such care. Adequate utilization of maternal health services is influenced by factors such as proximity of health facilities, education level, and knowledge of maternal incentives. Conclusion: While service utilization for pregnancy and delivery in Palpa district aligns with national standard, further research is needed to identify factors contributing to underutilization of postnatal services
Trade Liberalization and Poverty in Nepal: an Applied General Equilibrium Analysis
No full textNepal aggressively liberalized its foreign trade during the 1990s. This paper attempts to estimate the impact of trade liberalization on household welfare and poverty in Nepal through the construction of a regional CGE model. The model disaggregates factors of production - capital, land, and labor - by region (urban, Terai and hills/mountains) in order to establish direct links between sector of activity, factor remuneration, and household income. In particular, certain activities are more intensive in factors from a given region (e.g. the manufacturing sector is more intensive in urban factors of production and the agriculture sector is more intensive in Terai factor of production). Regional factor remuneration in turn maps into regional household income. We find that trade liberalization reduces the nominal returns to urban factors of production in comparison with rural factors of production, resulting in a reduction in the relative income of urban households. Rural and urban households consume roughly the same share of industrial goods, but rural households consume relatively more agricultural goods and fewer services. As the fall in consumer prices in the latter two sectors are similar, there is little rural-urban difference in the variation in consumer price indices. Consumer prices generally fall in roughly the same proportion as nominal incomes such that there are negligible welfare changes. However, poverty falls substantially, with the greatest impact in rural Terai, followed by the rural hills and the mountain region, and least in urban areas.Computable general equilibrium modeling, international trade, poverty, Nepal
Nepal Medical Association Supplement
No full textContents
1. Journal Commitee Report
2. Constitution of the Nepal Medical Associatio
Control of Footrot in Small Ruminants of Nepal
No full textFootrot, a bacterial disease which attacks the feet of sheep and goats causing lameness and high levels of flock mortality, was endemic in the western districts of Nepal. As a result of the collaborative efforts between Nepalese, Australian and British scientists within ACIAR projects AS2/1991/017 and AS2/1996/021, the virulent form of this disease has been eradicated from the livestock industries of the country. The economic benefits stemming from this achievement are described and quantified in this report. Over the 1993–2022 period, ACIAR invested A2.8 million. A benefit–cost ratio of 2.9:1 was estimated for the projects, which indicates that for each dollar invested, 2.9 dollars of project benefits will be generated. Several other countries, such as Bhutan and possibly Australia, could benefit from the footrot vaccination practices developed in these projects. Sensitivity analysis outlined in the concluding section of the report indicates that these benefits could be substantial and their inclusion would increase the value of ACIAR-supported research.Footrot, ruminants, bacterial disease, Nepal, Australia, livestock, economic benefits, net present value, benefit-cost ratio, disease eradication, Farm Management, International Development, Livestock Production/Industries, Production Economics,
Clinico-epidemiology of Hymenoptera Stings in and around Kaski District, Nepal.
No full textIntroduction: In Nepal, morbidity and mortality from Hymenoptera stings is mainly from three commonly encountered insects: hornets (local: aringal), wasps (local: barulo) and honey bees (local: mahuri). The present study documents the incidence of hymenoptera sting in Western Region of Nepal and explores the cause behind such unprovoked attack upon human subjects. Methods: This hospital-based study included all the patients with history of insect sting attending the Emergency Department of Manipal Teaching Hospital, Pokhara from May 2015 till November 2015. Results: Of total 16 cases during the study period three were brought dead cases. The alleged insect happened to be bee in two cases, hornet in two cases, and wasp in eight cases with a case of unidentified insect sting. Severe burning pain with swelling, redness and itching were the common presenting symptom in all the admitted patients (n=13). Conclusion: Agricultural activity during the day was the cause of most unprovoked stings followed by deliberate destruction of the insect hive. Immediate medical attention in the nearby health care facility to the victims will save mortality. The health care facility also needs to have surplus lifesaving medication to counteract the life-threatening anaphylaxis reactions from such stings
Exploring the Impact of Startup Businesses on Entrepreneurship and Economic Development in Nepal
No full textThe purpose of this article is to discuss the impact of startups on entrepreneurial and economic development in Nepal. In order to investigate the state of entrepreneurship and economic development in Nepal, the study looks into reports and studies and analyzes data from different sources, including academic research and industry statistics. With the use of this technique, the author was able to recognize trends, obstacles, and possibilities in the startup ecosystem. The author investigates the challenges that Nepalese entrepreneurs face, as well as the role that startups can play in addressing these challenges. In order to improve Nepal's startup ecosystem, the article emphasizes the significance of government support, infrastructure development, human capital development etc. The author contends that by addressing these issues, Nepal may realize its enormous potential and establish itself as a center for innovation and entrepreneurship. In order to promote economic growth and open up new prospects for young people, the article emphasizes the efforts being made by the government and other organizations to foster an atmosphere that is more welcoming to entrepreneurs. The article mainly focused on suggestions for building a thriving startup ecosystem in Nepal by making supportive policies, developing infrastructure and resources, skills development, funding etc .The government may play a huge role in supporting entrepreneurship by providing financial aid, tax advantages, and a supportive regulatory environment. However, the startups have a positive impact on the growth of entrepreneurship and economic development in Nepal and emphasize the need for ongoing support and investment in the nation's entrepreneurial ecosystem
Re: Teenage Pregnancies in Nepal - The Problem Status and Socio-Legal Concerns: Letter to The Editor
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