177,044 research outputs found
Sistema politico e governance in cina: tra continuità e discontinuità
No full textLe trasformazioni del sistema politico e di governance nella Cina contemporane
Immediate, early (3 weeks) and conventional loading (4 months) of single implants: Preliminary data at 1 year after loading from a pragmatic multicenter randomised controlled trial
No full textPurpose: To compare the clinical outcome of single implants which underwent immediate nonocclusal loading with implants subjected to early non-occlusal loading at 3 weeks, and implants conventionally loaded at 4 months. Materials and methods: One hundred and five patients in five private practices requiring a single implant-supported crown were randomised to immediate loading (35 patients), early loading (35 patients) and conventional loading (35 patients) groups. To be immediately or early loaded, implants had to be inserted with a torque superior to 45 Ncm. Immediately and early loaded implants received non-occluding temporary crows, whereas conventionally loaded implants were directly restored with definitive crowns. Temporary crowns were replaced by definitive ones after 4 months. Outcome measures were crown and implant failures, complications and peri-implant marginal bone level changes recorded by a blinded assessor. Results: Two patients dropped out from the immediate loading group up to 1-year post-loading. Two implants failed, one in the immediately loaded and one in the early loaded group (P = 0.601). One immediately loaded implant and two early loaded implants were affected by one complication each (P = 0.162). Mean peri-implant marginal bone loss after 1 year was -0.120 ± 0.230 mm (95% CI -0.35, 0.10) for immediate, -0.390 ± 0.840 mm (95% CI -1.23, 0.45) for early and -0.201 ± 0.306 mm (95% CI -0.51; 0.11) for conventionally loaded implants. There were no statistically significant differences for any of the outcome measures between the three loading strategies up to 1-year post-loading. Conclusions: No major clinical differences were observed with regard to implant survival, complications and marginal bone level changes when loading single implants immediately, early or conventionally. Conflict-of-interest statement: This trial was partially funded by JDentalCare, the manufacturer of the implants evaluated in this investigation, however data belonged to the authors and by no means did the manufacturer interfere with the conduct of the trial or the publication of the results. Dr Tommaso Grandi, Paolo Guazzi, Rawad Samarani and Marco Esposito are consultants for JDentalCare
Radiographic marginal bone level evaluation around two different tissue-level implant systems: a one-year prospective study
No full textBACKGROUND: Marginal bone loss, is a frequently reported variable in the evaluation of dental implants. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate radiographic marginal bone level changes around the two different tissue-level implant systems placed adjacently in the posterior maxilla or mandible. The influence of implant macro-geometry and vertical soft tissue thickness on marginal bone loss were also evaluated. METHODS: Seven patients were included in the study and a total of 18 implants were analyzed. Each patient received two different implants placed adjacently in the maxilla or the mandible. The implants used in our study were either Straumann® SP cylindrical implants or JD Octa® tapered implants. During the surgery, vertical soft-tissue thickness was measured with a periodontal probe placed on the top of the bony crest and in the center of the future implant site. Healing abutments were then seated. Three months following implant placement, impressions were taken, and screw-retained metal ceramic prostheses were delivered. Standardized intraoral radiographs were taken immediately after implant placement and one year following implant loading in order to assess marginal bone level changes. RESULTS: Results showed a mean marginal bone loss of 0.55±0.5 mm for Straumann® SP implants and 0.39±0.49 mm for JD Octa® implants after one year of loading and the difference was not statistically significant between the two systems. A statistically significant correlation was found between soft tissue thickness and marginal bone loss; in sites with thin mucosal tissues (≤2 mm), there was significantly greater bone loss compared to sites with thick, soft tissues (> 2 mm) in both implants. CONCLUSIONS: Radiographic marginal bone loss was not statistically different between the two implant systems at the one-year examination period. Moreover, vertical soft tissue thickness influenced marginal bone loss regardless of the implant system used. (Cite this article as: Abi Rached S, Chakar C, Samarani R, Menassa G, Sembronio S, Pucci R, et al. Radiographic marginal bone level evaluation around two different tissue-level implant systems: a one-year prospective study
Kontribusi Kiai Ahmad Dahlan Al-Samarani Dalam Perkembangan Kajian Ilmu Falak Di Indonesia
No full textIlmu falak telah lama berkembang seiring dengan perkembangan Islam di Indonesia. Kajian ilmu falak di Indonesia ini dimulai dari berkembangnya hisab‘urfi hingga berkembang menjadi hisab ?aq?q? pada periode reformisme Islam di awal abad ke 20-an. Makalah ini membahas salah satu tokoh yang ikut meramaikan perkembangan kajian ilmu falak pada periode reformisme ini yaitu Kiai Ahmad Dahlan al-Samarani. Dalam keilmuan falaknya, Kiai Ahmad Dahlan al-Samarani mempunyai tiga buah karya, yaitu Ta?kirah al-Ikhw?n, Bul?g al-Wa??r dan Natijah al-M?q?t. Dari pembahasan terhadap pengaruh dari karya-karyanya ini, ditemukan bahwa Kiai Ahmad Dahlan al-Samarani mempunyai peran yang sangat strategis dalam perkembangan hisab ?aq?q? di Indonesia. Kiai Ahmad Dahlan ini bisa dikatakan sebagai pelopor berkembangnya hisab ?aq?q?, baik ?aq?q? taqr?b? maupun ?aq?q? ta?q?q?. Karyakaryanya menjadi awal mula munculnya kitab-kitab ilmu falak yang serupa sehingga kajian ilmu falak setelah masanya di dominasi oleh kitab-kitab yang mempunyai kemiripan dengan kitab-kitab yang disusunnya
Clinical outcome and bone healing of implants placed with high insertion torque: 12-month results from a multicenter controlled cohort study
No full textThis study evaluated the clinical outcome and the crestal bone resorption of implants placed with high insertion torque (up to 80 N cm). 102 patients were treated with 156 tapered implants. 42 implants (control group) presented insertion torque between 30 and 45 N cm (mean = 37.4 SD 8.2). 114 implants (experimental group) were placed with insertion torque between 50 and 80 N cm (mean = 74.8 SD 7.9). All implants were early loaded after 2 months. Peri-implant marginal bone levels were assessed immediately after surgery, and at 6- and 12-month follow up examinations. At the 12-month follow up all implants were clinically stable. After 12 months, patients in the experimental group lost an average of 0.41 mm (CI 95% 0.522; 0.263) of crestal bone compared with 0.45 mm (CI 95% 0.561; 0.286) for those in the control group. There were no significant differences between the two groups. No direct or inverse relationship was observed between the insertion torque values and crestal bone resorption. The results show that the use of high insertion torque (up to 80 N cm) did not prevent osseointegration and did not increase bone resorption around tapered implants early loaded up to 1 year after implant placement. © 2012 International Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
One abutment-one time versus a provisional abutment in immediately loaded post-extractive single implants: A 1-year follow-up of a multicentre randomised controlled trial
No full textPurpose: To compare immediately loaded post-extractive single implants using a definitive abutment versus provisional abutment later replaced by custom-made abutment. Materials and methods: In two private clinics, 28 patients in need of one single post-extractive implant in the maxilla or mandible from the left second premolar to the right second premolar area were randomised shortly before tooth extraction to provisional abutment (PA) and definitive abutment (DA) groups. Three patients had to be excluded for buccal wall fracture after tooth extraction. In the PA group, implants were immediately restored using a platform-switched provisional titanium abutment and definitive platform-switched titanium abutments were used in the DA group. In both groups, a non-occluding provisional single crown was provided. Implants were definitively restored after 4 months. In the PA group, the abutment was removed and the impression was made directly on the implant platform. In the DA group an impression of the abutment was made using a retraction cord. Outcome measures were: implant failures; complications; and marginal peri-implant bone level changes. Patients were followed up to 1 year after loading. Results: Twelve patients were randomised to the DA group and 13 patients to the PA group. At the 12-month follow-up, no implant failed. One biological complication occurred in the DA group and one mechanical complication occurred in the PA group. All complications were successfully treated. One year after loading, implants in the DA group lost an average of 0.11 mm (SD: 0.06) of periimplant bone and implants in PA group about 0.58 mm (SD: 0.11). At the 12-month follow-up, there was a statistically significant difference in bone level change between groups (mean difference: 0.48 mm, CI 95% 0.40; 0.55, P < 0.0001). Conclusions: Within the limits of this study, the non-removal of abutments placed at the time of surgery resulted in the maintenance of 0.5 mm more bone levels around immediately restored postextractive single implants than repeated abutment removal, although this amount of bone maintenance may not have a clinical impact Con?icts of interest noti?cation: Dr Tommaso Grandi and Dr Paolo Guazzi serve as consultants for JDentalCare. This study was completely self-?nanced and no funding was sought or obtained, not even in the form of free materials
Immediate loading of two unsplinted implants retaining the existing complete mandibular denture in elderly edentulous patients: 1-year results from a multicentre prospective cohort study
No full textPurpose: To evaluate the outcome of two freestanding implants immediately loaded retaining an existing mandibular complete denture in elderly edentulous patients up to 1 year after loading. Materials and methods: 42 patients with a mean age of 76.5 years (range 71 to 89) were selected for stabilising their mandibular complete denture with two implants placed mesial to the mandibular canine position bilaterally. Individual ball abutments were connected and torqued at 30 Ncm and the existing complete denture was immediately attached. No postoperative limitations to chewing function were given. The patients were evaluated clinically and radiographically at implant placement and at 6-and 12-month follow-up examinations. Results: At the 12-month follow-up no implant failed. Peri-implant bone resorption was 0.203 mm (CI 95% 0.322; 0.086) after 6 months and 0.298 mm (CI 95% 0.425; 0.173) after 12 months. Of the 42 cases, 3 had major prosthetic complications and 5 patients required minor extra maintenance appointments. Conclusions: Within the limits of this study, it can be suggested that the immediate loading of two unsplinted implants retaining the existing complete mandibular denture in elderly patients can result in favourable implant survival and peri-implant bone healing, however larger and longer follow-ups of 5 years or more are needed
Immediate loading of four (all-on-4) post-extractive implants supporting mandibular cross-arch fixed prostheses: 18-month follow-up from a multicentre prospective cohort study
No full textAim: To evaluate the outcome of immediately loaded mandibular cross-arch prostheses according to the 'all-on-4' concept supported by implants placed in fresh extraction sockets up to 18 months after loading. Materials and methods: In total, 47 patients with a mean age of 62.3 years (range 52 to 78) were rehabilitated with an immediately loaded fixed cross-arch prosthesis supported by four post-extractive implants. A total of 188 implants were inserted. Patients received a provisional fixed dental prosthesis with a metal framework within 48 hours after surgery and a permanent one 6 months later. The patients were evaluated clinically and radiographically at implant placement and at 6-, 12- and 18-month follow-up examinations. Results: At the 18-month follow-up, no implant failed and all restorations were stable. Peri-implant bone levels amounted to 0.31 ± 0.12 mm after 6 months, 0.58 ± 0.112 mm after 12 months and 0.7 ± 0.107 mm after 18 months. No significant differences in bone loss were found between axially placed and tilted implants at the 6-month (0.06 mm; P = 0.115), the 12-month (0.12 mm; P = 0.062) and the 18-month follow-up (0.08 mm; P = 0.146). Three patients had a fracture of the provisional restoration, but all of the definitive prostheses remained stable throughout the study period without any complications. Conclusions: Within the limits of this study, it can be suggested that immediately loaded mandibular cross-arch fixed dental prostheses can be supported by four post-extractive implants, however larger and longer follow-ups are needed. Conflict-of-interest statement: Dr Tommaso Grandi and Dr Paolo Guazzi serve as consultants for JDentalCare. This study was completely self-financed and no funding was sought or obtained, not even in the form of free materials
A 3-year report from a multicentre randomised controlled trial: Immediately versus early loaded implants in partially edentulous patients
No full textPurpose: To compare implant failure, prosthesis failure and radiographic bone level changes of immediate non-occlusal loading versus early loading in partially edentulous patients 3 years after implant placement. Materials and methods: A total of 80 patients with partial edentulism were selected for a two implant-supported immediate restoration and randomised to immediate loading (test group) or early loading (control group) after 2 months, 40 patients for each group. To be included in the study, implants had to be inserted with a torque =30 Ncm. In the test group, implants were provided with non-occluding temporary restorations. In the control group, healing abutments were attached and implants were left to heal nonsubmerged. Definitive prostheses were delivered 2 months after surgery with full occlusal contacts. The outcome variables were implant failure, prosthesis failure, complications and radiographic bone level changes at implants 3 years after loading. The assessor was blinded to group assignment. Results: Eighty-one implants were immediately loaded and 80 were early loaded. Two immediately loaded patients and 1 early loaded patient dropped out at 3 years. No implant failed. Two complications occurred in the immediate loading group and 1 in the early loading group. There were no significant differences in bone levels changes at 36 months between the two groups (P = 0.67; difference 0.2 mm; 95% CI -0.23, 0.63). Immediately loaded implants lost 0.90 mm (95% CI 0.63, 1.17) and early loaded implants 1.10 mm (95% CI 0.81, 1.39). Conclusion: If adequate primary stability was achieved, no statistically significant difference in failure rates, complications or bone level changes between implants loaded immediately or early were observed 3 years after placement in partially edentulous patients
Immediate provisionalisation of single postextractive implants versus implants placed in healed sites in the anterior maxilla: 1-year results from a multicentre controlled cohort study
No full textPurpose: The purpose of the study was to compare the clinical and aesthetic outcome of single postextractive implants versus implants placed in a preserved socket after 4 months of healing in the anterior maxilla. All of the implants were immediately non-occlusally loaded. Materials and methods: A total of 50 patients were treated in the two groups of study. The Delayed Group had a maxillary tooth (premolar, canine, lateral or central incisor) removed, with immediate socket grafting, followed by implant placement and provisionalisation 4 months later. The Immediate Group had immediate implant placement and provisionalisation. Outcome measures were implant failures, biological and biomechanical complications, peri-implant radiographic bone level changes, and gingival aesthetics. Results: At the 12-month follow-up, two implants failed in the Immediate Group (8%) versus one in the Delayed Group (4%), with a comparable rate of implant failure (P = 0.55). No complications occurred for either group. The 12-month peri-implant bone resorption was similar in both groups (P = 0.23): 0.71 mm (95% CI 0.45, 0.97) in the Immediate Group versus 0.60 mm (95% CI 0.38, 0.82) in the Delayed Group. The mean difference in bone resorption was 0.13 mm (95% CI -0.21, 0.47). An ideal gingival marginal level was reached most frequently in the Delayed Group (83.3% versus 52.1%, P = 0.04). Rates of full closure of the papilla were similar between the two groups (82.6% for the Immediate Group versus 62.5% for the Delayed Group, P = 0.12). Conclusions: Given the limitation that this was not a randomised controlled trial, there were no differences in complications or crestal bone response at immediate post-extractive implants when compared to delayed implants. A delayed protocol might be considered in the aesthetic zone due to the gingival recession that occurs after post-extractive implant placement
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