56 research outputs found
Multilingual dataset of COVID tweets for relation-level metaphor analysis TCMeta 1.0
No full textTCMeta is a dataset of noun phrase constructions from COVID-related tweets, annotated for relation-level metaphor.
It contains 2,138 Slovene and 2,221 English instances in tab-separated tabular format .tsv, where each line presents a unique phrase under consideration, extracted from a COVID-related tweet. The primary annotations include the COVID metaphor label (whether the phrase expresses a metaphor relating to COVID), but also additional ones for idioms, metaphors not relating to COVID, or metaphors not evident on the relation-level.
The complete user tweet could not be published due to the ToS of the then Twitter platform. We recommend retrieving the text of the tweets via their IDs using the Hydrator tool [https://github.com/docnow/hydrator] or similar.
The dataset is further described in:
Brglez, M., Zayed, O. & Buitelaar, P. TCMeta: a multilingual dataset of COVID tweets for relation-level metaphor analysis. Lang Resources & Evaluation 59, 437–475 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10579-024-09725-z.
@article{brglez2025tcmeta,
title={{TCMeta}: a multilingual dataset of {COVID} tweets for relation-level metaphor analysis},
author={Brglez, Mojca and Zayed, Omnia and Buitelaar, Paul},
journal={Language Resources and Evaluation},
pages={437--475},
volume={59},
year={2025},
publisher={Springer},
doi = {10.1007/s10579-024-09725-z}
Cooperation without consensus: national discussions and local implementation in general education reform, 1930–1960
No full textThis study explores the general education movement of 1930-1960—a movement devoted to revising the content, and methods, of reforming the first two years of postsecondary study for undergraduates. It begins by noting that much of the extant literature focuses on the curricular statements produced by Harvard, Columbia, and the University of Chicago as well as their assumed influence upon other institutions of higher learning—including historically black colleges and universities, women’s colleges, religiously affiliated colleges, land grants, and community colleges—during this time period. This study complicates this reading of the movement by arguing that the curricular statements of Harvard, Columbia, and the University of Chicago were unable to achieve curricular reform on their respective campuses and were deemed to be unacceptable by institutions across the nation. The study asks, then, if the curricular theories of these prestigious universities were unable to create and/or sustain a fixed body of curricular content on their own campuses, is it likely that they influenced the curriculums of other institutions across the country? And more important, if the curricular structures in place at these institutions were constantly evolving—driven by faculty and student concerns, local context, the politics of curricular compromise, and not representing a linear, top-down method of reform—what method of reform did these universities and other institutions of higher learning look to, for achieving tangible and sustainable mechanisms of reform?
This study then offers a new way of seeing curricular reform in the general education movement by relying on the lenses provided by an exploration of three cooperative studies of general education—or studies funded by philanthropic groups in which a number of institutions and their representatives cooperate with each other and educational researchers to spur reform of their own curricular measures. The three cooperative studies of general education focused on are the Eight-Year Study (1930-1942); the Cooperative Study in General Education (1938-1947), and the California Study of General Education in the Junior College (1948-1952).
Using insights from an extensive exploration of the cooperative studies, this study argues that reform in the general education movement operated in a “matrix of influence” that involved educational research, philanthropy, and (both inter- and intra-) institutional “cooperation without consensus,” rather than a top-down channeling of reform from prestigious institutions. Further, this led to a cyclical and iterative interplay between national discussions and local implementation that changed both the content of general education and the methods of its constant reform. These processes shaped the way people talked about, implemented, and executed general education measures on their campuses. Through these processes, words became ideas, and ideas eventually became curricular structures implemented at the most basic levels. These reforms were almost always sensitive to local context and were often advertised to the public as being politically, economically, socially, and culturally expedient and relevant.Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'Closed Access', the embargo will last until 2018-12-01The student, Kevin Zayed, accepted the attached license on 2016-11-29 at 11:18.The student, Kevin Zayed, submitted this Dissertation for approval on 2016-11-29 at 11:24.This Dissertation was approved for publication on 2016-11-30 at 13:30.DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #10348 on 2017-02-28 at 14:42:27Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-01T17:01:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 3
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Breathable Cities: Dynamic Machine Learning Modelling Approaches for Advanced Air Pollution Control
No full textData Availability Statement: The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author, M.A., upon reasonable request.first_pageDownload PDFsettingsOrder Article Reprints
Open AccessArticle
Breathable Cities: Dynamic Machine Learning Modelling Approaches for Advanced Air Pollution Control
by Roba Zayed andMaysam Abbod *ORCID
Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Brunel University London, London UB8 3PH, UK
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(13), 5581; https://doi.org/10.3390/app14135581
Submission received: 20 May 2024 / Revised: 19 June 2024 / Accepted: 24 June 2024 / Published: 27 June 2024
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Air Quality Prediction Based on Machine Learning Algorithms II)
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Abstract
This paper discusses air quality index (AQI) representation using a fuzzy logic framework to cover the blurry areas of AQI where indices are in between ranges of values. After studying several standards for air quality prediction (AQP), this research suggested the use of fuzzy logic as an extended method to cover some limitations found in several standards, in which the fuzzy logic represents a more dynamic way to support cross-country comparisons as well. This research expanded upon the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) standards to address their acknowledged limitations by constructing a fuzzy air quality levels prediction (FAQLP) model, which categorizes air quality into corresponding ranges (actual levels) and classifies new fuzzy levels (predicted levels), using a fuzzy logic model (to enforce more realistic predictions). This model can solve the issue of values at or near boundaries when there is uncertainty about air quality levels. The study aims to incorporate a comparative study of two urban settings providing dynamic machine-learning modeling approaches for advanced air pollution control. The DNN–Markov model is presented in this paper as the selected hybrid model for AQI prediction, and the adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) was used to represent AQI. This work presents a novel air quality index framework that consists of a DNN–Markov model for accurate hourly predictions and air quality level representations using ANFIS.This research received no external funding. The APC was funded by Brunel University London
The sustainability potential of traditional architecture in the Arab world - with reference to domestic buildings in the UAE
No full textDuring the last two or three decades, when so much publicity was given to our doubtful future on this planet, thinking of nature and concern about environment became an important issue all over the world. Rapid developments in different fields: industry, transportation, communication, and construction, caused radical environmental changes. This affected atmosphere components and the vegetation cover, which may change the balance of environment causing natural resources depletion. Architecture plays an important role in this earth environmental crisis due to the great amount of consumed resources and waste and emissions released.
Sustainable development, based on the definition of the World Commission on Environment and Development (WCED), is to meet the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs (WCED, 1987, P.9). This definition refers to the significance of changing the way we live and build to respect environment through efficient use of natural and renewable resources without damaging the nature or affecting the environment.
In the past, when the building envelope was the main element man used to protect himself from a harsh climate, he had to depend on passive energy and natural resources, such as sun, wind and earth. Passive energy involves the use of natural energy sources for environmental, healthy, and economical reasons in our buildings. Traditional architecture, in the Arab world, represents a living witness for the suitability of this architecture to the local environment, which incorporated the essence of sustainable architecture.
This research is concerned on identifying the sustainability potential inherent within one type of traditional architecture: the house, where the family spends most of its time for living and doing private activities. The house was the oasis of the family in the middle of the hot desert climate that characterizes most of the Arab world region. The accommodation of the house with the ambient environment was achieved using natural resources in sustainable approaches. There was an efficient interaction between architecture and natural resources as sun, wind, high seasonal & daily temperature fluctuation, site topography, available building materials and cultural values
Air Quality Index Prediction Using DNN-Markov Modeling
No full textData Availability Statement: The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author, M.A., upon reasonable request.Air quality measurements contribute to diverse socio-economic sectors, including the environment and healthcare. Many methods are commonly applied to present air-quality levels, reflecting differing national standards. This study presents an air quality index prediction model, to measure air pollution levels for healthcare applications in congested areas. DNN-Markov modeling techniques are used to predict air quality, based on environmental conditions at peak hours. The developed model presents different approaches for highly accurate prediction of the air quality index for the next hour at a given location, under specific environmental conditions. This system could be used to support planning decisions related to the consequences of air quality. The study was conducted in selected locations in Jordan and England as a comparative model prediction accuracy study using different big-data sets of multivariate time series in traffic-heavy locations. The air quality index was represented using Neuro Fuzzy Logic as a method to contribute in air quality index predictions within blurry (boundary) values. The selected DNN-Markov hybrid model could predict air quality with accuracy of around (RMSE 7.86) for the location in England, and around (RMSE 15.27) for the one in Jordan.The work was supported by the Brunel University London
Mountain vipers in central-eastern turkey: Huge range extensions for four taxa reshape decades of misleading perspectives
No full text—Turkey harbors a high diversity of viperid snakes, many with a high threat level on the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List, yet perception about even basic topics, such as distributions and conservation statuses, remain poor. We initiated a multi-year project 7 y ago to compensate these shortcomings and present herein dramatically improved information on the status of mountain vipers of central-eastern Anatolia (Asian Turkey): Bolkar Viper (Montivipera b. bulgardaghica), Albizona Viper (M. b. albizona), Wagner’s Viper (M. wagneri), and partly Ottoman Viper (M. xanthina). The data originate from our fieldwork and a comprehensive search of all records available, including information from literature, online resources, locals, and herpetological experts. This resulted in 51 new localities, complemented by 36 published records, which were refined with new information, including four corrected/removed records and two records that were combined with new records due to their proximity. We summarized all records with precise information in a supplemented list of 85 localities, which is compared to current literature and the range maps available on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, the global standard reference for consultation on range maps and conservation status of species. Consequently, we report on large range extension of > 100 km in all four mountain viper taxa, increase the extent of occurrence for each viper taxon 4–8 times, reduce the distribution gaps between all pairs of parapatric, related, and ecologically similar mountain vipers, and discuss taxa delimitation, putative contact zones and conservation aspects. © 2020. Konrad Mebert.Mohamed bin Zayed Species Conservation Fund: 13057971, 150510677, 160513040, 170516395, 2017/18Acknowledgments.—We dedicate this article to our beloved and esteemed co-author, contributor and collaborator, Dr. Bayram Göçmen, who passed away during the final steps of this study. Field work permits focusing on vipers (permission numbers 20210, 183897 and 101792) were issued by the Republic of Turkey Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, General Directorate of Nature Conservation and National Parks. This work was partly supported by the Wilhelm Peters Fund 2013 administered by the main body of the German Herpetological Society, respectively, Deutsche Gesellschaft für Herpetologie und Terrarienkunde (DGHT), and also DGHT-Zürich, Switzerland, the JCE private funding, and in particular the Mohamed bin Zayed Species Conservation Fund, project nos. 13057971 (2014), 150510677 (2015), 160513040 (2016), 170516395 (2017/18). The authors thank Şevket Gültekin, Adem Adakul, Mücahit Çakmak, Çağatay Altin, Mehmet Akif Bozkurt, Burhan Sarikaya, Thomas Ott, Murat Özel, Mert Elverici, Mahmut Aydoğdu, Özer Camci, and Osman Özkan for their assistance during our field surveys. We also thank all the persons providing valuable material, such as photos and locality information, which are explicitly named for their respective provisions in the locality list and figures.We dedicate this article to our beloved and esteemed co-author, contributor and collaborator, Dr. Bayram G??men, who passed away during the final steps of this study. Field work permits focusing on vipers (permission numbers 20210, 183897 and 101792) were issued by the Republic of Turkey Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, General Directorate of Nature Conservation and National Parks. This work was partly supported by the Wilhelm Peters Fund 2013 administered by the main body of the German Herpetological Society, respectively, Deutsche Gesellschaft f?r Herpetologie und Terrarienkunde (DGHT), and also DGHT-Z?rich, Switzerland, the JCE private funding, and in particular the Mohamed bin Zayed Species Conservation Fund, project nos. 13057971 (2014), 150510677 (2015), 160513040 (2016), 170516395 (2017/18). The authors thank ?evket G?ltekin, Adem Adakul, M?cahit ?akmak, ?a?atay Altin, Mehmet Akif Bozkurt, Burhan Sarikaya, Thomas Ott, Murat ?zel, Mert Elverici, Mahmut Aydo?du, ?zer Camci, and Osman ?zkan for their assistance during our field surveys. We also thank all the persons providing valuable material, such as photos and locality information, which are explicitly named for their respective provisions in the locality list and figures
Authorship Attribution With Few Training Samples
No full textThis chapter discusses authorship attribution through a training sample. The focus on authorship attribution discussed in this chapter differs in two ways from the traditional authorship identification problem discussed in the earlier chapters of this book. Firstly, the traditional authorship attribution studies [63, 65] only work in the presence of large training samples from each candidate author, which are typically enough to build a classification model. With authorship attribution, the emphasis is on using a few training samples for each suspect. In some scenarios, no training samples may exist, and the suspects may be asked (usually through court orders) to produce a writing sample for investigation purposes. Secondly, in traditional authorship studies, the goal is to attribute a single anonymous document to its true author. In this chapter, we look at cases where we have more than one anonymous message that needs to be attributed to the true author(s). It is likely that the perpetrator may either create a ghost e-mail account or hack an existing account, and then use it for sending illegitimate messages in order to remain anonymous. To address the aforementioned shortfalls, the authorship attribution problem has been redefined as follows: given a collection of anonymous messages potentially written by a set of suspects {S1, ···, Sn}, a cybercrime investigator first wants to identify the major groups of messages based on stylometric features; intuitively, each message group is written by one suspect. Then s/he wants to identify the author of each anonymous message collection from the given candidate suspects. To address the newly defined authorship attribution problem, the stylometric pattern-based approach of AuthorMinerl (described previously in Sect. 5.4.1) is extended and called AuthorMinerSmall. When applying this approach, the stylometric features are first extracted from the given anonymous message collection Ω
Learner Autonomy and Groups
No full text© The Author(s) 2018. Working in groups is a popular teaching strategy associated with communicative, task-based and other approaches in ELT. Learner autonomy has also become an influential concept and has been linked to groupwork. However, ideas about how learner autonomy (often seen as a set of skills in an individual) might develop through groupwork have tended to develop by practice and intuition more than through research. This chapter will consider some relevant questions about learner autonomy and groupwork, for example, individual autonomy in a group, learner support, autonomy development, group autonomy and conditions for group and individual autonomy. It will also discuss research approaches which have proved useful in other fields and how these might be applied in language learning and teaching contexts
Game development with Game Maker, Flash and Unity
No full textThis tutorial will present and compare three software platforms for developing video games: Game Maker, Flash and Unity Pro. Game Maker is suited for developing quick prototypes. Flash is a natural choice for production of web-based software and Unity is a good choice for gamers who wish to develop and deploy their products to a multitude of platforms. The first part will involve modifying and creating games with game maker. The second part will involve modifying and creating games with flash. The third part will focus on unity. Finally, a discussion on the pros and cons of each platform is presented. © 2011 Author
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