122,545 research outputs found
Modeling of Threonine Requirement in Fast-Growing Chickens, Depending on Age, Sex, Protein Deposition, and Dietary Threonine Efficiency
No full textIn addition to dose-response studies, modeling of N utilization, depending on intake of the first limiting amino acid in the diet, is one of the tools for assessing amino acid requirements in growing animals. Based on a verified nonlinear N-utilization model and following the principles of the diet dilution technique, N-balance experiments were conducted to estimate the Thr requirement of fast-growing chickens (genotype Cobb), depending on age, sex, CP deposition. and efficiency of dietary Thr utilization. Different predictions were made for the feed intake to conclude the optimal Thr concentration in the feed. The results are based on N-balance experiments with a total of 144 male and 144 female growing chickens within 4 age periods (1: 10 to 25 d; 11: 30 to 45 d; 111: 50 to 65 d; TV: 70 to 85 d), using diets with graded protein supply (6.6, 13, 19.6, 25.1, 31.8, and 37.6% CP in DM) from high-protein soybean meal with a constant amino acid ratio and Thr as the first limiting amino acid (3.87 g of Thr/100 g of CP; dietary Lys:Thr=1:0.54). The observed optimal Thr concentration (% of feed) was influenced by age, sex, level of CP deposition, dietary efficiency of Thr utilization, and predicted feed intake. For male chickens, assuming an average CP deposition (60% of the potential) and average efficiency of Thr utilization, 0.78% (10 to 25 d), 0.73% (30 to 45 d), 0.65% (50 to 65 d), and 0.55% (70 to 85 d) total dietary Thr were observed as optimal total Thr concentration in the diet (corresponding to 60, 135, 160, and 180 g of daily feed intake, respectively). Data are discussed in context with the main factors of influence like age, sex, level of daily CP deposition, efficiency of dietary Thr utilization, and predicted feed intake
Pilates Exercise and Physical Performance, Body Composition, and Serum Myokines
No full textThe aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of 8 weeks Pilates exercise on body composition, physical performance and serum myokines of overweight and obese women. Twenty six middle-age, sedentary overweight and obese women volunteered to participate in this study. They were allocated to either the experimental (n = 13) or control group (n = 13). The experimental group participated in an 8-week Pilates exercise program (3 days per week). Body height and weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC); muscular strength and endurance; static and dynamic balance; serum levels of Follistatin, Decorin and Myostatin were assessed at baseline and at the end of the study. Analyses of covariance (ANCOVA) test were used for data analysis (p 0.05)
Estimation of Nitrogen Maintenance Requirements and Potential for Nitrogen Deposition in Fast-Growing Chickens Depending on Age and Sex
No full textExperiments were conducted to estimate daily N maintenance requirements (NMR) and the genetic potential for daily N deposition (NDmaxT) in fast-growing chickens depending on age and sex. In N-balance studies, 144 male and 144 female chickens (Cobb 500) were utilized in 4 consecutive age periods (1:10 to 25 d; II: 30 to 45 d; III: 50 to 65 d; and IV: 70 to 85 d). The experimental diets contained high-protein soybean meal and crystalline amino acids as protein sources and 6 graded levels of protein supply (NI = 6.6%; N2 = 13.0%; N3 = 19.6%; N4 = 25.1%; N5 = 31.8%; and N6 = 37.6% CP in DM). The connection between N intake and total N excretion was fitted for NMR determination by an exponential function. The average NMR value (252 mg of N/BWkg0.67 per d) was applied for further calculation of NDmaxT as the threshold value of the function between N intake and daily N balance. For estimating the threshold value, the principle of the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm within the SPSS program (Version 11.5) was applied. As a theoretical maximum for NDmaxT 3,592, 2,723, 1,702, and 1,386 mg of N/BWkg0.67 per d for male and 3,452, 2,604, 1,501, and 1,286 mg of N/BWkg0.67 per d for female fast-growing chickens (corresponding to age periods I to IV) were obtained. The determined model parameters were the precondition for modeling of the amino acid requirement based on an exponential N-utilization model and depended on performance and dietary amino acid efficiency. This procedure will be further developed and applied in the subsequent paper
Threonine Requirement of Slow-Growing Male Chickens Depends on Age and Dietary Efficiency of Threonine Utilization
No full textNitrogen-balance experiments were conducted with a total of 288 male chickens to assess Thr requirement data on 2 commercial slow-growing genotypes (I 657 and Red JA from Hubbard ISA) by use of a modeling procedure described previously. Six graded levels of dietary protein supply from high-protein soy-beanmeal were used within 4 age periods (period I: 10 to 25 d; period II: 30 to 45 d; period III: 5 to 65 d; and period IV: 70 to 85 d). The provided dietary amino acid ratio (Lys: Met + Cys: Thr = 1:0.85:0.54), with 3.87% Thr in the feed protein, identified Thr as the first limiting dietary amino acid. The nitrogen maintenance requirement (NMR) was established by exponential approximation of N excretion depending on N intake (on average, NMR = 173 mg of N/BWkg0.67 per d). The theoretical maximum for daily N deposition was estimated by the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm (SPSS program, version 11.5) and by exponential fitting of N balance data depending on N intake. The observed dietary Thr efficiency was used to model Thr requirements for a given protein deposition depending on age. The optimal dietary Thr concentration (percentage of feed) was established by different predictions for daily feed intake. Daily CP deposition of approximately 60% of the potential required 0.83 and 0.87% (10 to 25 d), 0.73 and 0.75% (30 to 45 d), 0.66 and 0.69% (50 to 65 d), and 0.51 and 0.53% (70 to 85 d) of Thr in feed for genotype I 657 and genotype Red JA, respectively (average daily feed intakes of 30, 75, 100, and 100 g in age periods I to IV). Results of model calculations need verification in comparative growth studies with assessment of nutrient deposition and varying dietary Thr efficiencies
A Multi-Language Comparison of Influences on Author Verification using Character N-Grams
No full textWe create a new multi-language corpus for author verification based on Wikipedia talkpages, and evaluate the influence that differences in topic and time have on character n-gram author profiles. Topic alignment between two texts is found to increase author verification precision, and an authors writing style is found to change over time, but not more significantly after 3 years than after 1 year.Information ArchitectureWISElectrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Scienc
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
The vanishing author in computer-generated works: a critical analysis of recent Australian case law
No full textAbstract
The use of software is ubiquitous in the creation of many copyright works, yet the requirement in copyright law that every work have a human author who engages in independent intellectual effort means that its use may prevent copyright subsistence. Several recent Australian cases have refocused attention on authorship as an essential criterion of copyright subsistence, and these cases suggest that much computer-produced output may be authorless and thus lack copyright protection. This article, the first in a two-part series, analyses how each case deals with the question of authorship of computer-produced works and why the use of software diminishes copyright protection for a significant number of computer-generated works. The article critiques the application of conventional notions of human authorship developed in the pre-computer age to modern productions and suggests alternative approaches to authorship that satisfy both the major objectives of copyright policy and the need to adapt to the computer age. The article argues that, without a broader judicial approach to authorship of computer-generated works, Parliament must remedy the lacuna in protection for these ‘authorless’ works. Possible solutions for reform are suggested. In a forthcoming article, the author comprehensively examines those reform proposals
The bioactive molecules with primary target of large ribosomal subunit inhibition predicted by the minimum structure in (1R)-propanol group
No full textReference: Forouzesh A, Samadi Foroushani S, Forouzesh F and Zand E (2019) Reliable target prediction of bioactive molecules based on chemical similarity without employing statistical methods. Front. Pharmacol. 10:835. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00835Azidamfenicol: CAS Reg. No.13838-08-9, InChIKey SGRUZFCHLOFYHZ-MWLCHTKSSA-N; Bromamphenicol (bromoamphenicol): CAS Reg. No.40027-72-3, InChIKey DCFUCPPWRWFUFZ-MWLCHTKSSA-N; Cetofenicol (cetophenicol): CAS Reg. No.735-52-4, InChIKey PKUBDVAOXLEWBF-GHMZBOCLSA-N; Chloramphenicol: CAS Reg. No.56-75-7, InChIKey WIIZWVCIJKGZOK-RKDXNWHRSA-N; Florfenicol: CAS Reg. No.73231-34-2, InChIKey AYIRNRDRBQJXIF-NXEZZACHSA-N; Monoiodoamphenicol: CAS Reg. No.40027-73-4, InChIKey YRWBLCUITDTYCT-MWLCHTKSSA-N; Racefenicol (racephenicol): CAS Reg. No.847-25-6, InChIKey JNKVGZRTMPMVAG-KSBPLQDLSA-N; Tevenel: CAS Reg. No.4302-95-8, InChIKey HODRFAVLXIFVTR-RKDXNWHRSA-N; Thiamphenicol: CAS Reg. No.15318-45-3, InChIKey OTVAEFIXJLOWRX-NXEZZACHSA-N; WIN 5094-2: InChIKey HYMCEAYSFJCEJN-NXEZZACHSA-N</div
N-methyl-N-((1-methyl-5-(3-(1-(2-methylbenzyl)piperidin-4-yl)propoxy)-1H-indol-2-yl)methyl)prop-2-yn-1-amine, a new cholinesterase and monoamine oxidase dual inhibitor
No full textOn the basis of N-((5-(3-(1-benzylpiperidin-4-yl)propoxy)-1-methyl-1H-indol-2-yl)methyl)-N-methylprop-2-yn-1-amine (II, ASS234) and QSAR predictions, in this work we have designed, synthesized, and evaluated a number of new indole derivatives from which we have identified N-methyl-N-((1-methyl-5-(3-(1-(2-methylbenzyl)piperidin-4-yl)propoxy)-1H-indol-2-yl)methyl)prop-2-yn-1-amine (2, MBA236) as a new cholinesterase and monoamine oxidase dual inhibitor.Peer reviewe
Diffusive author(s), cohesive author: Analysis of S/N (1994)
No full textThis study indicates the ways in which various aspects of the author(s) are brought forth in Dumb type’s performance art, the S/N production. Previous research has suggested a non-hierarchical organization of Dumb type and the absence of a “privileged author” in Dumb type’s collaborative work, S/N. However, the results that I have investigated from member’s interviews on the creative process of S/N along with my analysis of the recorded images of S/N, indicate a different aspect of the author(s). First, S/N was created through, so to speak, the collective ideas of the members of Dumb type. Further, S/N has at least nine quotations from previous performances, installations, and printed writings, besides the work-in-progress technique. Explicating one of the “author functions” as given by Michel Foucault, each text has plural subjects of the author. However, it has been revealed from members’ interviews that Teiji Furuhashi had a decision-making role in selecting the members’ ideas within the performance. Since then, S/N has had plural subjects of creation; however, Furuhashi is one of the subjects of creation along with the “privileged author.” S/N has plural authors (diffusive authors) yet at the same time, it has a “privileged author,” Teiji Furuhashi (cohesive author)
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