140 research outputs found
Virtuelle Bewegung aus natürlichem Sprachtext
No full textIt is a challenging task for machines to follow a textual instruction. Properly understanding and using the meaning of the textual instruction in some application areas, such as robotics, animation, etc. is very difficult for machines. The interpretation of textual instructions for the automatic generation of the corresponding motions (e.g. exercises) and the validation of these movements are difficult tasks. To achieve our initial goal of having machines properly understand textual instructions and generate some motions accordingly, we recorded five different exercises in random order with the help of seven amateur performers using a Microsoft Kinect device. During the recording, we found that the same exercise was interpreted differently by each human performer even though they were given identical textual instructions. We performed a quality assessment study based on the derived data using a crowdsourcing approach. Later, we tested the inter-rater agreement for different types of visualization, and found the RGB-based visualization showed the best agreement among the annotatorsa animation with a virtual character standing in second position. In the next phase we worked with physical exercise instructions. Physical exercise is an everyday activity domain in which textual exercise descriptions are usually focused on body movements. Body movements are considered to be a common element across a broad range of activities that are of interest for robotic automation. Our main goal is to develop a text-to-animation system which we can use in different application areas and which we can also use to develop multiple-purpose robots whose operations are based on textual instructions. This system could be also used in different text to scene and text to animation systems. To generate a text-based animation system for physical exercises the process requires the robot to have natural language understanding (NLU) including understanding non-declarative sentences. It also requires the extraction of semantic information from complex syntactic structures with a large number of potential interpretations. Despite a comparatively high density of semantic references to body movements, exercise instructions still contain large amounts of underspecified information. Detecting, and bridging and/or filling such underspecified elements is extremely challenging when relying on methods from NLU alone. However, humans can often add such implicit information with ease due to its embodied nature. We present a process that contains the combination of a semantic parser and a Bayesian network. In the semantic parser, the system extracts all the information present in the instruction to generate the animation. The Bayesian network adds some brain to the system to extract the information that is implicit in the instruction. This information is very important for correctly generating the animation and is very easy for a human to extract but very difficult for machines. Using crowdsourcing, with the help of human brains, we updated the Bayesian network. The combination of the semantic parser and the Bayesian network explicates the information that is contained in textual movement instructions so that an animation execution of the motion sequences performed by a virtual humanoid character can be rendered. To generate the animation from the information we basically used two different types of Markup languages. Behaviour Markup Language is used for 2D animation. Humanoid Animation uses Virtual Reality Markup Language for 3D animation
R16. Formulation and Evaluation of Doxorubicin HCl Nanoliposomes by Ethanol Injection Method
No full textCorresponding author (Pharmaceutics and Drug delivery): Arun Kumar Kotha, [email protected]://egrove.olemiss.edu/pharm_annual_posters/1015/thumbnail.jp
Komal Chaul – A Potential Candidate for Geographical Indication
No full text214-219
It is essential to
protect bio-cultural products from being unduly patented and from biopiracy.
Identification of a Geographical Indication (GI) itself is not a measure
to stop bio-cultural biopiracy and is not an automatic protection to any
bio-cultural product; it must be tested against the characteristics of GI.
Identified GI must be seen through the bio-cultural protocol that makes it a
ready candidate for GI application. This paper presents a step-by-step
procedure for identifying and testing of a GI candidate and a walk-through GI
candidature, application and registration steps. The case study taken for the
purpose of identification is for ‘Komal Chaul’, a suitable candidate for GI
from Assam, located in North-Eastern part of India, yet to be registered for
GI. The case-study testing proves that this bio-cultural product, i.e. ‘Komal
Chaul’ may be registered for GI successfully
Porcine model of xenobiotic metabolism
No full textA xenobiotic is a foreign chemical substance found in the environment. The body removes xenobiotics by xenobiotic metabolism. Drug metabolizing enzymes (DMEs) play central roles in the metabolism, elimination, and detoxification of xenobiotics introduced into the body. Orphan nuclear receptors play crucial role in regulation of the expression of DMEs. The pig has quickly grown into an important biomedical research tool over the past few decades. The pig is an appropriate animal model for the investigation of xenobiotic disposition, as the transporters and CYP enzymes are very similar to those in humans. The characterization of porcine drug metabolism genes and the genes involved in regulating drug metabolism can provide insights into human drug metabolic diseases and individual variability of responses toward a drug. The tissue- and stage-specific expression of the nuclear receptors in pigs and their comparison to humans will be of great interest. Consequently, the goal of the proposal is to validate pig as a model of xenobiotic metabolism in order to get a better understanding of the pharmacokinetic properties of the xenobiotics. Expression of orphan nuclear receptors were screened across various porcine organs (liver, kidney, lung, small intestine, spleen, pancreas, heart, brain and skeletal muscle). Analysis of the mRNA expression levels of porcine orphan nuclear receptors in total RNA from various porcine organs was also performed by real time reverse transcriptase PCR. Expression of all the porcine nuclear receptors studied except (PPARγ) was detected in the liver and kidney. Most of the nuclear receptors showed higher expression in the liver. The tissue distribution and the expression profiles of the porcine nuclear receptors were consistent with those of human. To evaluate the effect of xenobiotic exposure on the expression pattern of the nuclear receptors, expression pattern of nuclear receptors were evaluated in three different developmental stages i.e; three month old fetus, one month old piglet and one year old adult pig. The expression levels of the nuclear receptors in adult tissues were higher than that of one month old piglets which in turn were higher than those of a three month old fetal piglet. Porcine orphan nuclear receptors liver X receptor alpha (LXRα), liver X receptor beta (LXRβ) and constitutive androstane receptor (CAR) were cloned and the sequence analysis revealed eight novel transcript variants for LXRα and LXRβ each and five novel transcript variants for CAR. The expression profiles and the physiochemical properties of the novel identified transcript variants were analyzed. Further, we developed and characterized a porcine hepatocyte cell line representative of human primary hepatocytes to support drug toxicity and metabolism assessments. Three independent hepatocyte cell lines were developed from three different Oncopigs and all of them expressed hepatocyte specific and most important drug metabolism and regulation genes comparable to those porcine primary hepatocytes. We evaluated the effect of selective CYP modulators on three porcine hepatocyte cell lines. All the three independent porcine hepatocyte cell lines behaved the same way and the gene regulation pattern in hepatocyte cell lines was similar to that of primary hepatocytes and human models. These findings indicate that this porcine hepatocyte cell line represents a useful and predictive model for high throughput screening of new drugs as well as studies on metabolism and hepatotoxicity of chemicals.Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'U of I Access', the embargo will last until 2018-08-01The student, Arun De, accepted the attached license on 2016-07-12 at 13:18.The student, Arun De, submitted this Dissertation for approval on 2016-07-12 at 13:23.This Dissertation was approved for publication on 2016-07-12 at 15:10.DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #9889 on 2016-11-10 at 12:25:16Made available in DSpace on 2016-11-10T18:42:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 3
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Soft biometrics for surveillance: an overview
No full textBiometrics is the science of automatically recognizing people based on physical or behavioral characteristics such as face, fingerprint, iris, hand, voice, gait and signature. More recently, the use of soft biometric traits has been proposed to improve the performance of traditional biometric systems and allow identification based on human descriptions. Soft biometric traits include characteristics such as height, weight, body geometry, scars, marks and tattoos (SMT), gender, etc. These traits offer several advantages over traditional biometric techniques. Soft biometric traits can be typically described using human understandable labels and measurements, allowing for retrieval and recognition solely based on verbal descriptions. Unlike many primary biometric traits, soft biometrics can be obtained at a distance without subject cooperation and from low quality video footage, making them ideal for use in surveillance applications. This chapter will introduce the current state-of-the-art in the emerging field of soft biometric
Dynamic toll pricing using Dynamic Traffic Assignment system with online calibration
No full textThe paper presents a toll pricing methodology using a dynamic traffic assignment (DTA) system. This methodology relies on the DTA system’s capability to understand and predict traffic conditions, thus enhanced online calibration methodologies are applied to the DTA system, featuring a heuristic technique to calibrate supply parameters online. Improved offline calibration techniques are developed to apply toll pricing in a real network consisting of managed lanes and general purpose lanes. The online calibration methodologies are tested using real data from this network, and the results find the DTA system able to estimate and predict traffic flow and speed with satisfactory accuracy under congestion. Toll pricing is formulated as an optimization problem to maximize toll revenue, subject to network conditions and tolling regulations. Travelers are assumed to make route choice based on offline calibrated discrete choice models. Toll optimization is applied in a closed-loop evaluation framework where a microscopic simulator is used to mimic the real network. Online calibration of the DTA system is enabled to ensure good optimization performance. Toll optimization is tested under multiple experimental scenarios, and the methodology is found able to increase toll revenue compared with the condition when online calibration is not available. It should be noted that the toll rates and revenues presented in this paper are obtained in a simulation environment based on the calibration and optimization algorithms, and as the work is ongoing these results are far from being a recommendation to operators of managed lanes.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository 'You share, we take care!' - Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Transport Engineering and Logistic
Peak Expiratory Flow rate (PEFR), Tolerability Correspondence to Author:
No full textand long acting β-2 agonist bronchodilator and is distinguishable from the racemic (R, R/S,S)- diasteriomer of formoterol, which is most commonly used. Some in vitro data show significant bronchodilatation, inhibition of inflammation and marked baseline airway reversibility with arformoterol. Yet, there is a dearth of study literature demonstrating its role as immediate reliever medication, in patients with exacerbation of non-severe asthma. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of arformoterol with salbutamol nebulisation therapy, as a rescue medication, in acute nonsevere asthma, not requiring hospitalisation, at a tertiary care centre. Methods: 40 patients, with exacerbation of non-severe asthma, were randomly allotted to Group A=20 and Group B=20. After every 30 minutes, 3 doses of salbutamol or arformoterol nebulization were given, respectively. Peak expiratory flow rates (PEFR) were measured at the baseline and 6 min, after each dose. Results: In the demographic profile, there were comparable results, with n
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