710 research outputs found
The Effects of Wal-Mart on Local Labor Markets
No full textWe estimate the effects of Wal-Mart stores on county-level retail employment and earnings, accounting for endogeneity of the location and timing of Wal-Mart openings that most likely biases the evidence against finding adverse effects of Wal-Mart stores. We address the endogeneity problem using a natural instrumental variables approach that arises from the geographic and time pattern of the opening of Wal-Mart stores, which slowly spread out from the first stores in Arkansas. The employment results indicate that a Wal-Mart store opening reduces county-level retail employment by about 150 workers, implying that each Wal-Mart worker replaces approximately 1.4 retail workers. This represents a 2.7 percent reduction in average retail employment. The payroll results indicate that Wal-Mart store openings lead to declines in county-level retail earnings of about $1.2 million, or 1.3 percent. Of course, these effects occurred against a backdrop of rising retail employment, and only imply lower retail employment growth than would have occurred absent the effects of Wal-Mart.Wal-Mart; Employment
[Design and synthesis of inhibitors of biologically relevent enzymes]
No full textThis dissertation describes two different studies having the goal of the design and synthesis of inhibitors of biologically relevant enzymes. In the first study, the synthesis of a heavy-atom-containing analogue of the potent adenosine deaminase inhibitor 2\u27- deoxycoformycin was accomplished as a potential probe to further define the catalytic mechanism by which adenosine deaminase catalyzes the deamination of adenosine, as well as to further understand the interactions between adenosine deaminase and the coformycin series of enzyme inhibitors.
The second study describes the development of a recently isolated natural product, (+)-calanolide A, as well as its analogues as non-nucleoside inhibitors of the reverse transcriptase enzyme of the human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1). (+)-Calanolide A is a dipyranocoumarin recently isolated from the extracts of the leaves and twigs of the Malaysian rainforest tree Calophyllum lanigerum. It was found to be a potent and specific inhibitor of the HIV-1 reverse transcriptase enzyme. More significantly, it was identified to be an excellent inhibitor of the pyridinone-resistant A17 strain of HIV, which is cross resistant to most other non-nucleoside inhibitors.
This study first investigated the design and synthesis of structurally simplified analogues of (+)-calanolide A in their racemic form as possible compounds for drug development. Next, the racemic syntheses of compounds possessing the full dipyranocoumarin ring system of the calanolides were carried out. This was followed by attempts to separate (±)-calanolide A into its separate enantiomers using several strategies in an effort to obtain (+)-calanolide A in its optically pure form. Finally, molecular modeling studies of the calanolides and their analogues were carried out in an effort to develop a pharmacophore model of the calanolides. Development of this model was useful for designing further analogues of the calanolides
Book Review: The Origins of Victory: How Disruptive Military Innovation Determines the Fates of Great Powers
No full textAuthor: Andrew F. Krepinevich Jr.
Reviewed by Zachery Tyson Brown, defense analyst, Office of the Secretary of Defense
Andrew F. Krepinevich has questions for policymakers when it comes to emerging technologies and warfare. In The Origins of Victory: How Disruptive Military Innovation Determines the Fates of Great Powers, Krepinevich asks: How do states gain advantages in military competition during periods of disruptive change? How are developmental technologies best incorporated into legacy military structures? Or are entirely new structures necessary?https://press.armywarcollege.edu/parameters_bookshelf/1029/thumbnail.jp
Dr Uncle Sam - is now in charge of our industrial troubles
No full textPoster showing Uncle Sam administering a dose of "Co-operation" to patients "Wage earner" and "Wage payer" as the quack doctor of "Agitation" leaves, and nurse "The Public" sweeps up. A tiny bird comments, "A real doctor on the job now!"Title continues: He has prescribed a Victory Tonic, called Co-operation. It will bring better feeling among our wage-earners and wage-payers and will cure strife. Quack remedies, known as legislative ether, spirits of discontent and agitator's acid, almost killed the patients. They are poisons, not remedies. Co-operation will win the war!Issued by the National Industrial Conservation Movement, 30 Church Street, New York City. Copies supplied on request.No. F-8
Special and Differential Treatment in the GATT: A Pyrrhic Victory for Developing Countries
No full textPreferential measures for developing countries implemented within the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade failed to achieve their purported goal of facilitating economic development; this failure was due to their weak theoretical underpinnings and poor policy design. Not only were the demands developing countries made for discriminatory preferences largely ineffectual, their demands for preferential treatment, together with their forgoing full participation in the multilateral trading system, fundamentally reduced the obligation of developed countries to consider the interests of developing countries in future negotiation rounds. Thus the winning of preferences was rendered a pyrrhic victory for developing countries.Economic development, trade liberalization, GATT, special and differential treatment, Institutional and Behavioral Economics, International Development, International Relations/Trade, Political Economy,
The shot that will win the war
No full textPoster showing Uncle Sam, a man "Wage Payer," and a man "Wage Earner" astride a missile "Industrial Co-operation," with an eagle carrying a "Victory" banner above. A tiny bird comments, "This shot will win the war!"Title continues: United action by America's industrial partners will shorten and win this struggle for human freedom. It is the heaviest shot our Democracy can fire at wage-earners' and wage-payers' common foe - Autocracy. Every loyal worker and employer can ride to victory under the eagle's wings with Uncle Sam.Issued by the National Industrial Conservation Movement, 30 Church Street, New York City. Copies supplied on request.No. F-10
Uncle Sam sick with la grippe
No full textA satire attributing the dire fiscal straits of the nation to Andrew Jackson's banking policies, with specific reference to recent bank failures in New Orleans, New York, and Philadelphia. The artist blames the 1837 panic on Jackson's and later Van Buren's efforts to limit currency and emphasize specie (or coinage) as the circulating medium in the American economy. Missouri senator Thomas Hart Benton's role as an ally of the administration and champion of coinage (in the cartoonist's parlance "mint drops") is also attacked. In an eighteenth-century sickroom scene Uncle Sam, wearing a liberty cap, a stars-and-stripes dressing gown, and moccasins, slumps in a chair. In his hand is a paper reading "Failures / New Orleans right Nicholas Biddle arrives, with a trunk of "Post Notes" and "Bonds," and is greeted by Brother Jonathan. Jonathan: "Oh Docr. Biddle I'm so glad you're come. Uncle Sam's in a darned bad way . . ." Biddle: "I'll try what I can do . . . & I've sent to Dr. John Bull for his assistance." The print is dated 1834 by Weitenkampf, but it must have appeared after Van Buren's victory in the 1836 presidential election, given Uncle Sam's remark, "You are to nurse me now Aunt Matty." Nancy Davison's date of 1837 is more credible. Most likely it was issued during the spring of that year, after the collapse of the cotton market and several banks in New Orleans and the subsequent failure of many New York banks in March. In April Nicholas Biddle's Pennsylvania state bank came to the aid of the ailing banking community by buying up considerable numbers of bonds and notes.Printed & published by H.R. Robinson 52, Cortlandt Street, New York.Signed with monogram: C (Edward Williams Clay).Title appears as it is written on the item.Davison, no. 102.Helfand, p. 11.Murrell, p. 132.Weitenkampf, p. 36.Forms part of: American cartoon print filing series (Library of Congress)Published in: American political prints, 1766-1876 / Bernard F. Reilly. Boston : G.K. Hall, 1991, entry 1837-6
Past Commodore Will Hamilton’s Victory class, Alerte c. 1932
No full textNamed Victory class in tribute to the yachtsmen who participated in World War I, twenty of these boats were built, all on the East Coast. From the 1920’s until the beginning of World War II, the Houston Yacht Club fleet included four of these one design boats
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Conquering the World: The Countercultural Victory of 1 John in Greco-Roman Context
No full textMany scholars have interpreted the central issue in the First Letter of John to be a concern over budding heresies which created a sectarian divide among members of the Johannine community. While there is little doubt that there has been some intra-Johannine conflict, it is questionable as to whether the author of 1 John is simply addressing heresy when he repeatedly asserts that the young men of the community have “conquered the evil one” (2:13, 14), or even more prominently, that the Johannine believer “conquers the world” (5:4–5). This thesis reexamines the contention expressed through the conquering language in 1 John within the context of the Greco-Roman world. The approach to this study is both exegetical and contextual, with a philological analysis of the First Letter of John, and an attempt to understand possible cultural implications by drawing on classical sources, extant material culture, and secondary scholarly literature. This study demonstrates that the contention in 1 John extends beyond the Johannine community and that the writer is presenting a consistent countercultural narrative: he is identifying the Johannine community as separate and counter to the predominant customs and norms of the broader Greco-Roman culture. The analysis will show that the writer is concerned about the influences of the Greco-Roman world, and that he exhorts his audience to hold onto the countercultural victory of the Johannine pistis (belief/faith) over and against the prevailing polytheism of the Greco-Roman culture
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