54 research outputs found
Reducing the cognitive complexity in reading the Arabic script of written Malay via diacritics
No full textMalay, the national language of Malaysia, is written in two distinct scripts: the Arabic script and the Romanised script. The Arabic script of written Malay is relatively more cognitively complex (Salehuddin, 2012); making it today the less preferred script of written Malay in comparison to Romanised script. Salehuddin (2013) proposed the introduction of the Arabic vowel diacritics into the Arabic script of written Malay to reduce its cognitive complexity. Hence, this paper presents results of an experiment using DMDX as a tool to investigate the accuracy of reading Malay words written in Arabic script with and without diacritics
Equating CONTROL with ‘containment’: justifying the equation via animal Farm
No full textUnless they are expressed in more concrete manners, concepts, which are abstract in nature, are rather difficult to be appreciated. Thus, concepts such as CONTROL, are normally expressed using more concrete means, such as through the hierarchical and the front-back image schemas (Khazriyati 2002a & 2002b). Apart from the use of the word ‘control’ per se to manifest the concept, other metaphorical expressions such as in front of, behind and towards, are widely employed to realise the concept (ibid. & 2003). Though in terms of forms, those expressions are in no way similar to that of the word ‘control’, careful analysis via the cognitive semantics approach would enable one to be aware of the fact that the use of such expressions are not at all arbitrary in describing CONTROL. This paper looks at how the container image schema – one of the theoretical frameworks in cognitive semantics – is utilised to interpret the concept of CONTROL in Animal Farm
Developmental patterns in Malay shape-based numeral classifier comprehension
No full textNumeral classifier system is an instance of linguistic device for categorisation, a cognitive process that is indispensable in human cognition and language development. The current study investigated the acquisition of eight Malay shape-based numeral classifiers through a matching comprehension task in 140 6 to 9 year old children. The aim is to examine the developmental patterns observed in the comprehension of Malay shape-based numeral classifiers. Specifically, the study focused at examining if the complexity of the semantic features of individual numeral classifiers plays a role in numeral classifier comprehension order, and if the degree of typicality of numeral classifier exemplars has an effect on the comprehension order. Results indicated that semantic complexity and exemplar typicality play a significant role in Malay numeral classifier comprehension. This suggests that multiple factors interact with each other and contribute to the developmental pattern of numeral classifier
Experimenting different Jawi spelling conditions to gauge their cognitive complexity
No full textAlthough traditionally, Malay was predominantly written in the Arabic script (Jawi), the Roman script has become the standard script for the Malay language after the Second World War due to the relative complexity of Jawi in comparison to the Roman script. One factor that makes reading Jawi a cognitively complex process is the complex and confusing use of vowel letters in the spelling of Malay words in Jawihence, making the Jawi spelling system appear to be rather inconsistent. Currently, the vowel phonemes in Malay words in Jawi are represented differently in different syllables either using vowel letters or not represented at all. Two reading experiments on Malay bi-syllabic words written in Jawi were conducted with two groups of readers. In Experiment 1, 28 Malay native speakers and 13 Arabic native speakers read 200 Malay bi-syllabic words in Jawi as quickly and as accurately as possible to investigate the naming latencies of words written in Jawi with and without diacritics. In Experiment 2, 30 Malay 13- and 14-year-olds read 108 Malay bi-syllabic words in Jawi to investigate if adding vowel diacritics and/or vowel letters to represent Malay vowels facilitates reading Jawi. Both experiments were conducted using DMDX, a Win 32-based display system for psychological experiments that records reaction times to visual and auditory stimuli. Results are presented in terms of the subjects? reading accuracy (correct responses) and latency (reaction times). To a great extent, adding vowel diacritics to the Jawi spelling system does facilitate reading. This study also shows that two forms of permutations in the Jawi spelling system can help make reading Jawi a cognitively less complex process for readers
Pendekatan didikan dan asuhan dalam kalangan belia
No full textIbu bapa memainkan peranan yang penting dalam perkembangan anak-anak mereka. Kajian terdahulu menunjukkan amalan mendidik anak dilakukan oleh ibu bapa mengikut corak yang berbeza-beza mengikut nilai budaya masing-masing. Corak mendidik anak yang berlainan ini juga disebabkan oleh perbezaan dalam matlamat sosialisasi yang diturunkan daripada generasi terdahulu kepada generasi seterusnya. Makalah ini mengetengahkan dapatan dari satu kajian yang dijalankan ke atas belia Malaysia untuk melihat cara mereka mendidik anak-anak mereka. Seramai 520 orang belia daripada kaum Melayu, Cina, dan India terlibat dalam kajian ini. Di samping itu, seramai 10 orang belia dari 520 orang responden soal selidik telah mengambil bahagian dalam sesi temubual mendalam untuk meninjau dengan lebih dekat cara mereka mendidik anak. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa belia Malaysia mendidik anak-anak mereka mengikut corak autoritarian dan autoritatif. Corak mereka mendidik pula berbeza-beza bergantung kepada konteks. Faktor-faktor lain turut mempengaruhi corak mendidik anak, dan ini termasuklah tahap pendidikan belia Malaysia
Arabic script of written Malay: innovative transformations towards a less complex reading process
No full textUsing diacritics in the arabic script of malay to scaffold arab postgraduate students in reading malay word
No full text2) Arabic script with diacritic
Malay numeral classifier usage in caretaker-child talk
No full textTo the nativists and cognitivists, input plays a minor role in language acquisitio
Penilaian ke atas kerumitan kognitif dalam proses membaca Jawi
No full textPelbagai usaha telah dilakukan oleh kerajaan Malaysia untuk menangani masalah kurangnya penggunaan tulisan Jawi dalam kalangan masyarakat Malaysia dan seterusnya mempopularkan tulisan ini dalam kalangan pelbagai golongan masyarakat. Namun, di sebalik usaha yang bernilai berjuta-juta ringgit tersebut, tulisan Jawi terus dipinggirkan oleh penduduk Malaysia. Sungguhpun adalah penting untuk memastikan bahawa tulisan Jawi terus digunakan dengan meluasnya di negara ini, usaha yang dilakukan oleh pelbagai agensi di negara ini akan menjadi sia-sia jika masyarakat di negara ini terus menganggap tulisan Jawi sebagai satu warisan budaya yang hanya digunakan oleh
mereka yang lebih konservatif dalam wacana berbentuk keIslaman. Oleh yang demikian, adalah penting untuk kita memahami punca mengapa tulisan Jawi terus dipinggirkan oleh sebahagian besar masyarakat Malaysia. Tanpa memahaminya, usaha agensi-agensi yang terlibat untuk mempopularkan tulisan Jawi ini hanya akan menjadi sia-sia. Salah satu cara untuk memahami mengapa Jawi terus dipinggirkan oleh sebahagian besar masyarakat Malaysia ialah dengan menilai darjah kerumitan kognitif dalam proses membaca tulisan Jawi. Justeru itu, makalah ini membuat penilaian ke atas kerumitan kognitif yang berlaku dalam proses membaca tulisan Jawi dari perspektif psikolinguistik. Perbandingan secara sistematik antara tulisan Jawi dan tulisan Rumi dilakukan menggunakan pendekatan analisis perbandingan antara sistem bahasa Melayu dan sistem bahasa Arab untuk menjelaskan mengapa masyarakat Malaysia, khasnya yang berbangsa Melayu sendiri,
tidak berminat dan terus berdolak-dalik untuk menggunakan tulisan Jawi dalam kehidupan harian mereka
Object categorisation using Malay shape-based numeral classifiers
No full textCategorisation is fundamental in human cognition and language development. Crosslinguistic studies on categorisation propose numeral classifiers as a linguistic manifestation of human categorisation and conceptualisation. Thus, studies on numeral classifier acquisition enable researchers to examine how children learn to categorise objects in their environment using a constrained framework, and how this ability becomes more refined as children grow older. This study investigated the strategies children utilise in categorising objects into eight Malay shape-based numeral classifier categories using a paired discrimination task. One-hundred-and-forty-eight children ranging in age from 6 to 9 years and a comparison group of adults participated in this study. Results revealed that children categorised objects more readily when there was a strong (two-perceptual feature distinction) than weak (one-perceptual feature distinction) contrast, and when exemplars were typical rather than atypical. There appears to be a gradual transition from a perceptually biased to a broader, more rule-based system
- …
