87 research outputs found
Genomic prediction for growth using a low-density SNP panel in dromedary camels
No full textFor thousands of years, camels have produced meat, milk, and fber in harsh desert conditions. For
a sustainable development to provide protein resources from desert areas, it is necessary to pay
attention to genetic improvement in camel breeding. By using genotyping‐by‐sequencing (GBS)
method we produced over 14,500 genome wide markers to conduct a genome‐ wide association
study (GWAS) for investigating the birth weight, daily gain, and body weight of 96 dromedaries in
the Iranian central desert. A total of 99 SNPs were associated with birth weight, daily gain, and body
weight (p‐value < 0.002). Genomic breeding values (GEBVs) were estimated with the BGLR package
using (i) all 14,522 SNPs and (ii) the 99 SNPs by GWAS. Twenty‐eight SNPs were associated with
birth weight, daily gain, and body weight (p‐value < 0.001). Annotation of the genomic region (s)
within ± 100 kb of the associated SNPs facilitated prediction of 36 candidate genes. The accuracy of
GEBVs was more than 0.65 based on all 14,522 SNPs, but the regression coefcients for birth weight,
daily gain, and body weight were 0.39, 0.20, and 0.23, respectively. Because of low sample size, the
GEBVs were predicted using the associated SNPs from GWAS. The accuracy of GEBVs based on the 99
associated SNPs was 0.62, 0.82, and 0.57 for birth weight, daily gain, and body weight. This report is
the frst GWAS using GBS on dromedary camels and identifes markers associated with growth traits
that could help to plan breeding program to genetic improvement. Further researches using larger
sample size and collaboration of the camel farmers and more profound understanding will permit
verifcation of the associated SNPs identifed in this project. The preliminary results of study show that
genomic selection could be the appropriate way to genetic improvement of body weight in dromedary
camels, which is challenging due to a long generation interval, seasonal reproduction, and lack of
records and pedigrees
A Comparison between the Ability of Revised Trauma Score and Kampala Trauma Score in Predicting Mortality; a Meta-Analysis
No full textIntroduction: Describing injury severity in trauma patients is vital. In some recent articles the Revised Trauma Score (RTS) and Kampala Trauma Score (KTS) have been suggested as easily performed and feasible triage tools which can be used in resource-limited settings. The present meta-analysis was performed to evaluate and compare the accuracy of the RTS and KTS in predicting mortality in low-and middle income countries (LMICs).
Methods: Two investigators searched the Web of Science, Embase, and Medline databases and the articles which their exact number of true-positive, true-negative, false-positive, and false-negative results could be extracted were selected. Sensitivity and subgroup analysis were performed using Stata software version 14 to determine the factor(s) affecting the accuracy of the RTS and KTS in predicting mortality and source(s) of heterogeneity.
Results: The heterogeneity was high (I2 > 80%) among 11 relevant studies (total n = 20,631). While the sensitivity of the KTS (0.88) was slightly higher than RTS (0.82), the specificity, diagnostic odds ratio, negative likelihood ratio, and positive likelihood ratio of the KTS (0.73, 20, 0.16, 3.30, respectively) were lower than those of the RTS (0.91, 45, 0.20, 8.90, respectively). The area under the summary-receiver operator characteristic curve for KTS and RTS was 0.88 and 0.93, respectively.
Conclusion: However, regarding accuracy and performance, RTS was better than KTS for distinguishing between mortality and survival; both of them are beneficial trauma scoring tools which can be used in LMICs. Further studies are required to specify the appropriate choice of the RTS or KTS regarding the type of injury and different conditions of the patient
Sleep duration and Framingham´s cardiovascular risk score: results from the Hoveyzeh Cohort Study (HCS)
No full textAbstract Background Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading causes of global deaths. So, it is necessary to know the possible risk factors for each region. We aimed to assess the relationship between the risk of CVDs and sleep duration in the Iranian Arab population. Methods In this cross-sectional study, data from 8362 participants aged between 35 and 70 from the Hoveyzeh Cohort Study enrollment phase between 2016 and 2018 was analyzed. This study evaluated the association between ten-year CVD risk using the Framingham risk score and sleep duration. Self-reported sleep duration was categorized as short duration (equal to or less than 5 h), standard duration (6–8 h), or prolonged duration (equal to or greater than 9 h). Multivariable logistic regression to adjust for conventional CVD risks was used. Results Among the assessed participants, 4892 (58.50%) were female, and the mean age was 47.93 (9.01). The average sleep duration was 7.59 (1.56) hours. The low, intermediate-to-high, and high CVD risk individuals were 6461 (77.27%), 1185 (14.17%), and 716 (8.56%), respectively. There was a significant relationship between prolonged sleep duration and lower odds of intermediate-to-high CVD risk in males (OR 0.66, 95% CI: 0.49–0.87, P-value: 0.004). Conclusion The results of our study showed that longer sleep duration has a protective association with the intermediate to high risk of cardiovascular diseases in males. However, long and short sleep durations have no significant relationship with females’ risk of cardiovascular disease
The Association of Nasal and Blood Eosinophils with Serum IgE Level in Allergic Rhinitis and Asthma: A Case‐Control Study
No full textABSTRACT Background and Aims Allergic rhinitis and asthma are two common respiratory diseases with allergic etiology in the world's population. Eosinophils and serum IgE levels have been known as inflammatory allergy markers for many years. This study aimed to evaluate the correlation of nasal and blood eosinophils with serum IgE levels in allergic rhinitis and asthma patients. Methods This prospective study was done on patients (n = 78) diagnosed with asthma (n = 20), allergic rhinitis (n = 49), and chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis (CRSwNP) (n = 9) at our hospital in Ahvaz City, Iran. The age of participants in our study ranged from 3 to 73 years, and all of them were subjected to a complete blood count (CBC) test, nasal smear, and determination of serum IgE levels after their consent. Results There was no correlation between serum IgE level and nasal eosinophil count (p = 0.728) or between serum IgE level and blood eosinophil count (p = 0.657); however, a positive correlation was detected between blood and nasal eosinophil levels (p = 0.003). Conclusion There is no significant relationship between serum IgE level and eosinophil count in the blood and nasal secretions. Serum IgE level and blood or nasal eosinophil count are both useful biomarkers for monitoring allergic rhinitis and asthma individually, but no diagnostic conclusion can be drawn from their correlation
Prevalence of Alpha and Beta-Thalassemia Mutations Among Carriers of Thalassemia in Shadegan City, Southwest of Iran
No full textGenome-Wide Diversity, Population Structure and Demographic History of Dromedaries in the Central Desert of Iran
No full textThe development of camel husbandry for good production in a desert climate is very important, thus we need to understand the genetic basis of camels and give attention to genomic analysis. We assessed genome-wide diversity, linkage disequilibrium (LD), effective population size (Ne) and relatedness in 96 dromedaries originating from five different regions of the central desert of Iran using genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS). A total of 14,522 Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) with an average minor allele frequency (MAF) of 0.19 passed quality control and filtering steps. The average observed heterozygosity in the population was estimated at 0.25 ± 0.03. The mean of LD at distances shorter than 40 kb was low (r2 = 0.089 ± 0.234). The camels sampled from the central desert of Iran exhibited higher relatedness than Sudanese and lower than Arabian Peninsula dromedaries. Recent Ne of Iran’s camels was estimated to be 89. Predicted Tajima’s D (1.28) suggested a bottleneck or balancing selection in dromedary camels in the central desert of Iran. A general decrease in effective and census population size poses a threat for Iran’s dromedaries. This report is the first SNP calling report on nearly the chromosome level and a first step towards understanding genomic diversity, population structure and demography in Iranian dromedaries
Association of KCNJ11 (rs5219) gene polymorphism with susceptibility to gestational diabetes mellitus: a review and meta-analysis
No full textIntroduction: Changes in the activity of the gene encoding internal rectifier potassium inwardly rectifying channel, subfamily J, member 11 (KCNJ11), due to some polymorphisms of this gene have far-reaching effects on the metabolic processes of people with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). This systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted with aim to further evaluate the association between the KCNJ11 (rs5219) polymorphism and GDM. Methods: In this systematic review and meta-analysis, a literature search was performed to identify the relevant articles in electronic databases such as PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane, EMBASE, and some Persian-language databases. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to evaluate the association between KCNJ11 (rs5219) polymorphisms and susceptibility to GDM in four genetic models.
Results: A total of 5578 participants from six articles were included in the meta-analysis. A significant relationship was identified between the KCNJ11 (rs5219) gene polymorphism and GDM in the study population through an additive genetic model (OR = 1.14; 95%CI: 1.00–1.30; P = 0.049) and a recessive genetic model (OR = 0.86; 95% CI: 0.75–0.98; P = 0.033). On the contrary, there was no significant association between the KCNJ11 (rs5219) gene polymorphism and GDM in an allelic genetic model (OR = 1.25; 95%CI: 0.93–1.69; P = 0.136) and the dominant genetic model (OR = 1.15; 95% CI: 0.94–1.41; P = 0.157).
Conclusion: The KCNJ11 gene polymorphism (rs5219) is associated with susceptibility to GDM in women. However, more studies on different ethnicities are required to confirm our results
Decoding the Factors behind Rising Fatal Roadway Crashes in Iran: an In-Depth Analysis and Predictive Modelling Study
No full textIsfahan Province, situated at the heart of Iran, is known for its bustling roadway systems, largely due to its popular tourist sites and strategic location. Tragically, this province has witnessed a consistent rise in death rates attributed to traffic crashes from 2012 to 2017. This study's central objective was to delve into the underlying factors precipitating such fatal traffic incidents in Isfahan Province during this time frame. This rigorous, cross-sectional analytical research was executed in 2022 and encompassed an evaluation of 9,683 fatality incidents related to traffic accidents in Isfahan Province from 2012 to 2017. The dataset for our analysis comprised all death reports collated during this period by the Forensic Medicine Department of Isfahan Province. We leveraged ArcGIS software to elucidate the geographical distribution of road crashes, and a Chi-square test was employed to identify the associated risk factors. To predict these risk factors leading to death, we constructed a random parameter binary logit model incorporating heterogeneity in means and variances. The model was thoroughly analyzed using Nlogit 6 software. The logistic regression results highlighted significant correlations between seasonality, the deceased's role in the crash, type of vehicle, and city location with crash-related mortality. The provincial capital registered a higher count of fatal crashes compared to other cities. We recommend enhanced public education to foster adherence to road safety measures, curtailment of irresponsible and dangerous behaviors, and elevation in vehicle safety standards as key steps toward enforcing driving regulations
Amlodipine Therapy in β-Thalassemia Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on Ferritin Levels and Liver MRI T2*
No full textBackground and aim: We conducted a review to determine the efficacy of amlodipine alongside iron chelators on serum ferritin levels and liver T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI T2*) in β-thalassemia patients. Methods: Systematic search was conducted in multiple databases, including Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Cochrane Library, ClinicalTrials.gov, the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT), ProQuest, OpenGrey, and Web of Science Conference Proceedings Citation Index. The search was closed in January 2023. Primary outcomes were comprised of liver MRI T2* (millisecond (msec)) and serum ferritin levels (ng/mL). Results: Seven studies (n = 227) were included in the study. The pooled Cohen’s d for serum ferritin was estimated at −0.46, 95% confidence interval (CI) −1.11 to 0.19 and p = 0.16 (I2 86.23%, p < 0.0001). The pooled mean difference for serum ferritin was −366.44 ng/mL, 95% CI −844.94 to 112.05, and p = 0.13 (I2 81.63%, p < 0.0001). After a meta-regression based on the length of using amlodipine, a coefficient for the mean difference was also −23.23 ng/mL and 95% CI −155.21 to 108.75. The coefficient obtained from a meta-regression as per the amlodipine dose at 5 mg/day than 2.5 to 5 mg/day anchored at −323.49 ng/mL and 95% CI −826.14 to 1473.12. A meta-regression according to the baseline values of serum ferritin discovered a coefficient of 1.25 ng/mL and 95% CI 0.15 to 2.35. Based on two included studies (n = 96), the overall Cohen’s d for liver MRI T2* was 2.069, 95% CI −0.896 to 5.035, and p = 0.17 (I2 96.31%, p< 0.0001). The synthesized mean difference for liver MRI T2* was 8.76 msec, 95% CI −4.16 to 21.67, and p = 0.18 (I2 98.38%, p < 0.000). Conclusion: At a very low level of evidence, probably using amlodipine at a dose of 2.5 to 5 mg a day, up to a year, alongside iron chelators slightly decreases serum ferritin levels in iron-overloaded thalassemia cases by nearly 366 ng/mL (23 ng/mL per month). The liver MRI T2* might also rise to 8.76 msec upon co-therapy with amlodipine
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