5 research outputs found
The Black Shoals Dossier
No full textThis dossier collects four reflections on The Black Shoals: Offshore Formations of Black and Native Studies (2019) with responses by its author Tiffany Lethabo King. This dossier is based on an American Studies Association 2021 roundtable organized by Beenash Jafri
A journey in <i>Megokgo ya lethabo</i> and “Tubatse”
No full textWhen Groenewald (1993a: 20) examined Northern Sotho novels, he realised that certain authors have written about a journey. They have used it in different ways to achieve different aims and objectives. Groenewald is the first to emphasise the importance of a journey when an author to reveal and display his intentions in writing such a work of literary art uses it. This will be examined in full so that the importance of the journey as used as a technique can be realised. In Megokgo ya lethabo, (1992) Lentsoane uses a journey technique to resolve problems brought about by Dikgoneng's marriage. On the other hand, Mahapa (1968) uses the journey technique to contrast modern and traditional ways of living. By so doing, he creates problems because a modern philosophy of life and a traditional attitude to life are two different things.
Ge Groenewald (1993a: 20) a sekaseka dipadi tša Sesotho sa Leboa o lemogile gore go na le bangwadi ba bangwe bao ba ngwadilego ka leeto. Ba diriša leeto ka ditsela tša go fapafapana go fihlelela maikemišetšo le dinepo tša go fapafapana. Groenewald ke wa mathomo wa go gatelela bohlokwa bja leeto ge mongwadi a le diriša go utolla le go tšweletša maikemišetšo a gagwe ka mešomo yeo ya bokgabo. Taba yeo e tla tsinkelwa ka botlalo gore bohlokwa bja leeto bjalo ka ge le dirišitšwe bokathekniki bo tsupollwe. Mo go Megokgo ya lethabo (1992), Lentsoane o diriša thekniki ya leeto go rarolla mathata a go hlagišwa ke lenyalo la Dikgoneng. Ka lehlakoreng le lengwe, Mahapa (1968) yena o diriša thekniki ya leeto go fapantšha bophelo bja sebjalebjale le bja setšo. Ka go dira bjalo, o hlola mathata ka gobane tsela ya selehono ya bophelo le mokgwa wa bogologolo wa bophelo ga di nwešane a mokgako.
Key words: Technique, journey technique, traditional attitude to life, modern philosophy of life
[Jnl for Language Teaching 37(2) 2003: 237-248
Phytohormone-Based Biostimulants as an Alternative Mitigating Strategy for Horticultural Plants Grown Under Adverse Multi-Stress Conditions: Common South African Stress Factors
No full textWorldwide, it has been recorded extensively that plants are subjected to severe abiotic and biotic stressors. The scientific research community has widely reported that multi-abiotic stressors cause horticultural crop losses, accounting for at least 50 to 70% of the crop yield and quality losses. Therefore, this review focused on the detrimental effects caused by abiotic stress factors occurring in single-, combined- and multi-cell stresses on horticultural plants worldwide, along with the best production systems practices for mitigation during and post-single and combined abiotic or multi-stress damages. A conclusion and recommendation could be reached using the pool of research material, which constituted research articles, reviews, book chapters, thesis, research short communications and industrial short communications from at least twenty-five years ago. Findings showed that some of the leading abiotic stresses are single- and combined abiotic stressors like water deficit, salinity, soil pH, phosphate deficiency, wounding, soil density and pot size. Established commercial and smallholder farmers are globally adapting to plant growth regulators and biostimulants as part of their production systems. However, as much as the effectiveness of biostimulants containing humic acids, algal extracts, plant growth-promoting microorganisms and phytohormones has been reported to promote plant development under multi-stress, only a few studies are focusing on organic phytohormone-based biostimulants on horticultural crops grown under adverse multi stress factoring. In conclusion, the review recommends alternative solutions for emerging South African farmers and growers who cannot afford agricultural insurance options and energy alternatives on the common single- and combined abiotic- or multi-stress-factors
Semi quantitative and fuzzy logic based approach for risk based inspection and maintenance of thermal power plant components
No full textAbstract: This thesis deals with the development of a Risk Based Inspection Programme for the Eskom Fossil Fired Power Stations. This study comes as a result of external and internal factors that affect Eskom from producing electricity to ensure security of supply. Eskom current supplies 95% of South Africa’s electricity needs. AS part of Eskom’s drive to remain financially sustainable Eskom has move to cost reflective tariff model. This model considers all the input costs required to generate electricity and this cost is then passed on the consumer. As part of Eskom’s multi-year price determination Eskom requested a 16% increase for the next five years (2014-2019). This was turned down by the National Energy Regulator (NERSA) and instead Eskom was awarded an 8% tariff increase. For Eskom this means that current funds must be spent wisely. With more than 50% of Eskom’s current running fleet being past the mid-life of their design it means that more maintenance activities need to be carried out on these plants. With a decrease in the tariff Eskom now has to decide on which plants take preference over maintenance activities. The Pressure Equipment Regulations (PER) came into effect in October 2009 and compliance to these regulations are mandatory. The PER requires that Eskom pressure test all equipment regarded as pressure equipment according to the PER on a 3 yearly basis. Currently these pressure tests are carried out on a 6 yearly basis. Should Eskom move to the 3 yearly frequencies it would mean that Eskom would experience some difficulties in ensuring security of supply of electricity to South Africa. The PER however allows the users of pressure equipment to apply a Risk Based Inspection approached to the pressure equipment as opposed to the fixed term pressure testing. This RBI would give the user the latitude to make fitness for service decisions and determine the frequency of test and inspection 3 activities. Eskom has opted to implement a risk based approached to all pressure equipment on within the generating fleet. This thesis looks at the development of the Risk Based Inspection programme. The objective of the thesis is to determine whether the CWA15740 process can be applied within the Eskom environment to ensure compliance to the OHSACT. The thesis also investigates the use of fuzzy logic to determine risk plots for boiler valves. This thesis consists of 9 chapters. Chapter one looks at the current situation that Eskom is faced with both from a funding and statutory point of view. Chapter two is a literature survey that looks the development of RBI and is applications in other industries. Chapter 3 discusses the research approach adopted by the author and it defines the research question and the research objectives. This research follows the case study approach. Chapter fours describes the CWA15740 approach looking at the possible advantages and disadvantages of the approach. Chapter five describes the data gathering process for the data required for the RBI assessment. Chapter six looks at the development of the RBI model and delves into the multi-level risk assessment approach. Chapter seven discusses the outcomes of the RBI pilot that was carried out at Lethabo Power Station. Chapter eight discusses the development of the Fuzzy C Mean (FCM) algorithm to predict valve risk based on the clustering concept. Finally chapter nine discusses the learnings from the research as well as the conclusions that can be drawn and finally, future work based on the findings of the research. The findings of the research indicate that the CWA15740 process is an effective process for the power generation industry given its non-prescriptive approach. This was proven by the successful certification of Lethabo Power Station by an independent Certification Body. Further the FCM algorithm proved that it is possible to predict boiler valve risk using the clustering approach. 4 Finally the research found that by implementing a risk based strategy saving of a minimum of 84% could be achieved. The contributions of this work are twofold. Firstly the development of a Risk Based Inspection process for the fossil Fired power generation industry. To the best of the author’s knowledge the process using the CWA15740 process has not been rolled out at any fossil power generating utility. Typical maintenance processes followed by fossil fired power generating utilities do not include the risk component. This statement is supported by the benchmarking exercise as well as the literature survey. Secondly the use of the FCM algorithm shows that the FCM clustering process can be effectively used to predict component risk. Keywords: Probability of Failure; Likelihood of Failure; Component Damage Mechanism; Fuzzy C Mean; Pressure Equipment Regulation; Conformity Assessment; Multi Level Risk Assessment.D.Ing. (Engineering Management
Deathly silence and apocalyptic noise: Observations on the soundscape of the Book of the Twelve
No full textThis paper proposes a reading of the Book of the Twelve (used interchangeably with �Twelve� and �Book� for convenience) that concentrates on the sound that is included in the description of the world of the text. Three onomatopoeic devices are singled out. First, the mourning cry h�y is considered. This interjection is used differently in several of the writings: in Amos (5:18; 6:1) the prophet cries out in compassion with the addressees. By contrast, in Nahum 3:1 and Habakkuk 2:6�19, h�y is uttered in a mood of mockery. In Zechariah 2:10 a third, joyful h�y is used. It appears that the different usages cohere nicely with the overall structure of the Book of the Twelve. Secondly, the interjection has likewise shows different usages. In Amos 6:10 and 8:3, it simulates the last breath of Israelites dying when the land is devastated. By contrast, in Habakkuk 2:20, Zephaniah 1:7 and Zechariah 2:17, the addressees are directed to be silent before YHWH. This command should be perceived as an act of reverence. Again, the sequence of the occurrences coheres with the overall structure of the Book of the Twelve. Of special relevance is that the last three instances build a frame around the Babylonian exile, which lies between Zephaniah and Haggai. The third example is the phrase ham�n�m, ham�n�m in Joel 4:14. The author employs an irregular double plural to construe this place as the loudest spot (�apocalyptic noise�) within the Twelve.Setu sa go tiba le modumo wa aphokhaliptiki: Ditemogo ka medumo ya Puku ya ba LesomepediPampiri ye e �i�inya go balwa ga Puku ya ba Lesomepedi (yeo e ka nogo bit�wa �Lesomepedi� goba �Puku� go bebofat�a ditaba) ka go gatelela modumo wo o lego ka gare ga tlhaloso ya lefase la go tswala dingwalo t�e. Ditsela t�e tharo t�a onomathopoiki di bewa pepeneng. La mathomo, go �et�wa sello sa mahloko sa h?y. Lelahlelwa le le �omi�wa ka go fapana mo dingwalong t�e mmalwa: go Amosi (5:18; 6:1) moprofeta o lla ka kwelabohloko go bangwalelwa ba gagwe. Go fapana le seo, mo go Nahume 3:1 le Habakuku 2: 6-19, h?y e t�welet�wa ka moya wa dikwero. Mo go Sakaria 2:10, go diri�wa h?y ya boraro e le ya lethabo. Go bonala nke dit�homi�o t�e tharo t�e t�a go fapana di nyalelana gobotse le sebopego sa Puku ya ba Lesomepedi. Sa bobedi, lelahlelwa has le lona le laet�a dit�homi�o t�a go fapana. Mo go Amosi 6:10 le 8:3, le tso�olo�a mohemo wa mafelelo wa Baisraele ge ba ehwa ka go bona go senywa ga naga. Go fapana le seo, ka go Habakuku 2:20, Tsefaya 1:7 le Sakaria 2:7, bangwalelwa ba laelwa go homola pele ga YHWH. Taelo ye e swanet�e go kwe�i�wa e le tiro ya go laet�a tlhompho. Gapegape, tatelano ya ditiragalo e nyalana gabotse le sebopego sa Puku ya ba Lesomepedi. Se maleba le go fete�i�a ke gore mabaka a mararo a mafelelo a aga freime go tiragalo ya bothop�a bja Babilonia, bjoo bo welago magareng ga Tsefanya le Hagai. Mohlala wa boraro ke sekafoko ham�nim mo go Joele 4:14. Mongwadi o diri�a sebopego sa go se tlwaelege sa bobedi mo bont�ing go laet�a lefelo le e le la modumo wa go feta yohle (�modumo wa apholiphtiki�) mo go Lesomepedi.</jats:p
