1,721,004 research outputs found
Evaluation and reproducibility of volumetric measurements on maxillary sinuses.
Full text linkThe aim of our study is to validate the use of Dolphin Imaging software to analyze CBCT images as a tool for volumetric estimation of maxillary sinus volumes and to test the intra- and inter-examiner reproducibility of this technique. In addition, other aims is to demonstrate the absence of correlation between the volumetric dimensions of the paranasal maxillary spaces and the three different skeletal types
Postural loads during walking after an imbalance of occlusion created with unilateral cotton rolls
No full textAbstract Background It was showed that stomatognathic functions correlate with alterations in locomotion, that are detectable through the analysis of loading during walking. For example, subjects with symptoms of Temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) showed a significant higher load pressure on the two feet, respect to health subjects, when cotton rolls were inserted. This previous study appeared to suggest that the alteration of postural loads associated to a particular alteration of stomatognathic condition (in this case, the cotton rolls inserted between the two dental arches) is detectable only in TMD's subjects, while it resulted not detectable in health subjects, because in that study, health subjects did not show any significant alteration of postural loads related to the different stomatognathic tested conditions. In other words, in that previous study, in the group of health subjects, no significant difference in postural loads was observed among the different test conditions; while TMD subjects showed a significant higher load pressure on the two feet when cotton rolls were inserted, respect to all the other tested conditions. Thus, the aim of this study was to better investigate these correlations in health subjects without TMD's symptoms, testing other different intra-oral conditions, and to verifywhether an experimentally induced imbalance of occlusion, obtained putting an unilateral cotton roll, could cause an alteration of postural loading on feet during walking. Findings In a sample of thirty Caucasian adult females (mean age 28.5 ± 4.5), asymptomatic for TMDs, when a cotton roll was positioned on the left or the right sides of dental arches, so causing a lateral shift of the mandible, the percentage of loading and the loading surface of the ipsi-lateral foot, left or right, were found to be significantly lower than in habitual occlusion (p Conclusions This study showed that in health subjects without TMD's symptoms, an experimentally induced imbalance of the occlusion, obtained through an unilateral cotton roll, is associated to detectable alterations in the distribution of loading on feet surface, during walking.</p
How to manage the biological risk in a dental clinic: current and future perspectives
No full textDental Personnel (DP) may be exposed to pathogens during dental treatment, either through contact contaminated equipment, or with blood and respiratory secretion. On the other hand, health care professionals are constantly exposed to pathogens and opportunists in their work environment. Consequently, the dental healthcare environment is connected with the risk of exposure to biological agents both for patients and dental workers, and involves a wide number of microorganisms that can be present in biological matrices (gingival fluids, saliva, blood), contaminated and/or non-sanitized surfaces, water used in the dental unit, or emitted by patients suffering or carrier of a transmissible disease. The main determinants of exposure to biological agents in dentistry are related, therefore, to several factors, such as the lack in the application of disinfection/sterilization procedures for surfaces, reusable tools, water, etc; the lack in the use of protective equipment by workers; an insufficient or inefficient training of personnel; the use of non-targeted, too diluted, or expired biocides. Therefore, each single patient needs to be treated as a potential communicable infectious disease carrier and each case must receive high level of attention in compliance with preventive and hygiene standards, following disinfection and sterilization procedures, and always wearing personal protective equipment. The goal of this article was to discuss on the infection risks related to dental practice both for patients and workers, and to evaluate the state of the art and future perspectives, with particular attention to disinfection procedures, for occupational biological hazards and HAIs prevention in this setting
Effects of bisphosphonates in orthodontic therapy:systematic review
No full textCurrently, the use of oral and systemic bisphosphonates, in the form of anti-osteoporosis medications or as a part of a chemotherapeutic regimen for several malignant diseases, is increasing dramatically in a large group of orthodontic patients. Animal studies have reported adverse dental effects from bisphosphonates, including decreased tooth movement, impaired bone healing, and osteonecrosis in the mandible and the maxilla
A new aid in temporomandibular joint disorders' therapy: the universal neuromuscular immediate relaxing appliance
No full textAmong the various treatment options currently indicated to deal with temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD) an important role is played by occlusal devices, which can be used in an individualized or universal manner. A new universal occlusal appliance device was designed and patented at the Clinical Gnathology Service of the Sapienza University of Rome. To assess its validity and efficacy a preliminary study on a sample of 50 patients was carried out. Patients were selected from a cohort of 158 according to the RDC-TMD (SPEC) criteria and randomly assigned to two groups, the patient group (PG), treated with the device, and a control group (CG) without any treatment. The two groups were evaluated by comparing four VAS pain scores: muscular, migraine, cervical and temporomandibular joint (TMJ). On the whole, all VAS pain scores in the PG showed a marked and statistically significant improvement after treatment, decreasing to about 50-80 %, while the control group remained stable. The best improvement was achieved in muscular pain. Age did not affect neither the initial scores, nor the pain response to the treatment. The pain scores tended to slightly increase with time of application (one, two or three months), but this trend was significant only for cervical pain. Overall the results are favourable to the application of this new occlusion device. However, the data should be considered preliminary and require further verification in time and on a higher sample of patients of both sexes
MARSUPIALIZATION OF RADICULAR CYST IN A 9-YEAR-OLD CHILD: REPORT OF A CASE AND REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE
No full textThe following report describes the treatment of a 9-year-old child affected by a radicular cyst. The case was treated through the extraction of the impacted primary tooth followed by marsupialization. The residual cystic cavity was filled with a removable device in order to speed the healing process, facilitate the eruption of the permanent teeth and avoid orthodontic treatment. This technique is suitable as conservative treatment for patients affected by radicular cyst
Fast and early mandibular osteodistraction: the long-term follow-up of mandibular distraction osteogenesis on teeth position
No full textPierre Robin Sequence is a congenital pathology defined by the triad micrognathia, glossoptosis and often a U-shaped cleft of soft palate. Newborns affected by airways obstruction may necessitate more invasive options: tongue-lip adhesion, tracheostomy and mandibular distraction osteogenesis. The authors analyzed the effect of fast and early mandibular osteodistraction on deciduous dental development in patients affected by Pierre Robin Sequence. Analysis of the patients treated for severe form was performed by a team composed by maxillofacial surgeons and dentists. Five patients were included for the analysis: before and long term clinical and radiological assessments were considered. All patients underwent fast and early mandibular osteodistraction; two years follow up computed tomography and panorex reconstructions showed bone consolidation, 33 of 35 teeth analyzed before ostedistraction are present after distraction protocol; no positional changes were detected at the follow up analysis either deciduous teeth and molar permanent buds. No deformities regarding molar buds were detected. In conclusion external mandibular distractor devices have been associated with dental injuries and facial scaring. Even though, the dental complications identified can not be unambiguously connected to the external distractor devices
Malocclusions and non-nutritive sucking habits: a preliminary study.
No full textObjective: This study investigated the non-nutritive sucking habits in a sample of patients with malocclusions at the Unit of Pediatric Dentistry of the "Sapienza", University of Rome. Materials and methods: 81 children (average age 5.9 years) were examined from January to December 2008. All children showed typical malocclusions that could be associated with non-nutritive sucking habits (pacifier or finger). Increased overjet (OVJ), anterior openbite (OPB), and posterior crossbite (CRB) were recorded in this survey. A questionnaire was directed to parents. Results: At the first examination 40.4% of pacifier users over 24 months were affected by an anterior OPB, 50% by a posterior CRB and 39.4% by an increased OVJ. Moreover, 40.4% of the children with finger or thumb sucking behavior were affected by an anterior OPB, 29.2% by a posterior CRB, and 42.4% by an increased OVJ. Conclusions: No statistically significant associations could be detected between the non-nutritive sucking habits and the malocclusions. There was no difference in type of habit in children who presented an anterior OPB, while there was a higher prevalence rate of children with a posterior CRB who had sucked the pacifier and of children with increased OVJ who had sucked their finger. © 2011 Società Italiana di Ortodonzia SIDO
Home treatment protocol for dentin hypersensitivity with hydroxyapatite-based biodynamic toothpaste and lactoferrin: a pilot study
No full textBackground: In recent years, there has been a gradual increase in cases of dentin hypersensitivity, often related to gingival recession, enamel abrasion from brushing, and wear of root cementum. This condition can affect patients of all ages but is more common between 20 and 40 years of age, especially in females and individuals with periodontal disease. The study aimed to evaluate and compare the efficacy over time of a product for at-home treatment of dentin hypersensitivity. Methods: One hundred five patients aged between 28 and 65 years were recruited, each with at least two hypersensitive teeth due to erosions, abrasions, gingival recessions, and/or periodontal diseases. Participants were selected through the Schiff Test and anamnestic evaluations, with compilation of periodontal records. Patients are instructed to use the product three times a day, to be applied with a soft-bristled toothbrush and/or topically as a gel on teeth with strong sensitivity and deep cervical lesions and gingival recessions. Results: There were no statistically significant differences between measurements at baseline and after scaling. However, significant differences were observed in follow-ups from the 1st to the 8th week, with a progressive decrease in values. The average trend of product efficacy increases over time according to the Schiff Test, with a significant improvement observed at follow-ups conducted after four and eight weeks. Conclusions: The results indicate that the product enriched with biomimetic hydroxyapatite and lactoferrin is effective in reducing the painful symptoms of dentin hypersensitivity and in counteracting the inflammatory state of the supporting tissues
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