107 research outputs found
Late Holocene riparian vegetation dynamics, environmental changes, and human impact in the Harapan forest of Sumatra, Indonesia
Get PDFRiparian wetland ecosystems provide important ecological services but are also vulnerable to climate change and human activities. To understand the influence of natural factors (e.g. climate change, flooding, drought) and human activities (e.g. agriculture) as well as to support management strategies, reconstructions of past vegetation and environmental changes are needed. To achieve this, we conducted a multi-proxy paleoecological analysis, including pollen and spores, macro-charcoal and radiocarbon dating, on a sediment core taken from a riparian area in the Harapan forest of Sumatra. Three distinct periods were identified: i) AD 1100 – 1400: Upland and swamp forest with riparian and herbaceous vegetation, possibly part of a riparian buffer zone (e.g. riverbank), was present in the study area under a stronger dry season regime; ii) AD 1400 – 1870: freshwater swamps expanded to the study site; iii) later, from AD 1870 to present, upland forests dominated in the study area with a strong dry season. The presence of cereal cultivation from AD 1300 – 1450, and oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) since the mid-19th century AD indicates the presence of small-scale agriculture in the study area. This study of riparian vegetation dynamics and environmental changes in the Harapan forest of Sumatra shows the development from a riparian forest to a freshwater swamp and upland forest under the impact of climate change and human activities
Response of Mangroves to Late Holocene Sea-Level Change: Palaeoecological Evidence from Sumatra, Indonesia
No full textTracing the dynamics of Late Holocene Tropical Peatland: A case study from the Bram Itam Peatland Protection Area, Coastal Sumatra, Indonesia
No full textFirst palaeoecological evidence of buffalo husbandry and rice cultivation in the Kerinci Seblat National Park in Sumatra, Indonesia
No full textLate Holocene volcanic and human impacts on the mountain vegetation in central Sumatra, Indonesia
No full textResilience of a peatland in Central Sumatra, Indonesia to past anthropogenic disturbance: Improving conservation and restoration designs using palaeoecology
No full text8000 years of vegetation dynamics and environmental changes of a unique inland peat ecosystem of the Jambi Province in Central Sumatra, Indonesia
No full textDespite their importance as global carbon sinks, peatlands of Southeast Asia have been rarely studied and our current knowledge of the dynamics and ecology of these ecosystems remains incomplete. Paleoecological and palynological multi-proxy analyses including analysis of pollen, spores, charcoal, testate amoebae and sediments were carried out on a 733 cm-long core taken from the Air Hitam peatland in the Jambi Province, Central Sumatra, Indonesia. The radiocarbon chronology reveals that peat formation started ca. 7800 years ago. The site was covered by dipterocarp-swamp mixed rainforest during the first 2000 years, after which freshwater swamp taxa became more important, in particular Durio trees. This lasted until ca. 4500 years ago, when the swamp vegetation shifted to a pole forest with abundant Pandanus thickets in response to a system change from minerotrophic to ombrotrophic conditions. For this period, macro-charcoal analysis reveals that fire frequency increased, possibly as a consequence of climate change linked to the onset of the modern El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) in the late Holocene. The ombrogenous Pandanus-pole forest phases were characterized by lower water table fluctuations and higher peat accumulation rates. The area of Air Hitam has been for thousands of years a highly effective carbon sequestering peatland. Natural climate variability in the past did not affect the carbon storage function as suggested by the general increase in peat accumulation during relatively drier phases and increasing ENSO variability in the late Holocene. However, the recent changes caused by selective logging, drainage and conversion to oil palm plantations, have caused a decline in the peat swamp forest communities changing the ecological functions of the peatland. It is likely that the accumulated carbon will be released in the atmosphere due to exposure to aerobic conditions and its function will be lost unless a better management of the watershed is applied. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) [CRC990
Environmental dynamics and carbon accumulation rate of a tropical peatland in Central Sumatra, Indonesia
No full textPreface The Board of Editors:
No full textThe increase of world population needs more food, feed, fuel, and fiber. Meanwhile, agricultural land supply is somewhat stationary or even decreasing. Ensuring food provision requires both intensification and expansion strategies. Considering internal circumstances, options may vary across countries. Indonesia, for instance, by population growth rate at 1.3 % year −1 and increasing middle income families, the need of diversity and improved quality of food become prevalent. Nevertheless, irrigated agricultural production decreased considerably, being converted to non-agricultural uses. The deterioration of agricultural land resources has occurred due to mismanagement while climate change has worsened the conditions globally. Narrowing yield gap in the existing agricultural land has been the primary efforts worldwide. Various farming systems have been established to minimize agro-inputs while generating high yields. The efforts differ across agro-ecosystems and being specific for each country. In Indonesia, the agro-ecosystems are divided into irrigated and rainfed agricultural lands, uplands (dry- and wet-climate agricultural lands), and wetlands (tidal and non-tidal agricultural lands, including peatlands). Each ecosystem requires specific land management which combines strategies and components previously studied. List of Conference Committee, Steering Committee, Delegate list are available in this pdf
Late Holocene ENSO-related fire impact on vegetation, nutrient status and carbon accumulation of peatlands in Jambi, Sumatra, Indonesia
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