25 research outputs found
Necrotic Lesions Associated with Desomorphine ("Krokodil") Drug Abuse: a Systematic Review
No full textObjectives: This systematic review of case reports and case series aims to identify the types of necrotic alterations caused by desomorphine ("Krokodil") and the diagnostic methods used in such cases.
Material and Methods: An advanced search was conducted on 30 January 2025 in the Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed databases using the selected keywords and MeSH terms. The research was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines. A total of 54 records were identified and screened for eligibility. After meticulous evaluation by two independent reviews, 15 articles were included in this systematic review.
Results: Of the included 251 cases, 247 discussed osteonecrosis of the facial bones. Three out of the four cases discussing limb necrosis presented a high risk of bias. The most commonly used paraclinical diagnostic methods were: radiological examination (radiographs, cone-beam computed tomography, etc.), histopathological examination, microbiological tests, and blood tests. Other less common methods included scintigraphy and C-terminal telopeptide tests. This systematic review did not identify enough cases discussing desomorphine-associated skin lesions.
Conclusions: Desomorphine ("Krokodil") is a dangerous drug that causes different local and systemic damages, including soft-tissue lesions and bone necrosis. Future studies should focus on the distribution of the necrotic lesions according to the affected tissues/organs, and the possible correlation between the drug use period and the clinical findings
Factors Affecting the Primary Stability of the Intraosseous Screw Type Implants /// Фактори повлияващи първичната стабилност на интраосалните винтови имплантати
No full text[EN] The aim of this study was to establish the influence of the implant design, diameter, length, thread pitch and surface modification on the primary stability and on the heat generation at the marginal bone area during the implant insertion. Assessment of the primary stability of implants of different forms and dimensions inserted into artificial bone blocks, into pig ribs and into 3D-printed simulation models of lower jaw, was performed. Stability was assessed by the following methods: measurement of maximum insertion torque (MIT), damping capacity and resonance frequency analysis, and heat generation during the insertion of implants recorded by a thermal camera.[BG] Целта на дисертационния труд е да се установи влиянието на формата, диаметъра, дължината, повърхностната обработка и дизайна на резбата на интраосалните винтови имплантати върху първичната им стабилност и генерирането на топлина в областта на кресталната кост по време на тяхното поставяне. За постигане на тази цел се измери първичната стабилност на имплантати с различни размери и форма, поставени в блокчета изкуствена кост, свински ребра и 3D-принтирани симулационни модели на долна челюст. Стабилността се оценява чрез следните методи: измерване на максималния въртящ момент при поставяне, амортизиращия капацитет и резонансно-честотен анализ, а генерираната топлина по време на поставянето се регистрира чрез термокамера
Factors Affecting Bone Temperature Increase During Implant Surgery - Review
Get PDFIntroductionDuring implant surgery certain amount of heat is produced. It is known that temperature increase above the critical threshold of 47°C for a minute could lead to thermal osteonecrosis, which could be the reason for an early implant failure.AimThe aim of this review was to reveal the multifactorial nature of bone temperature rise during dental implant surgery.Materials and MethodsPubMed and Google Scholar databases were searched to select articles related to the topic. The review includes articles published from 1972 to 2019, only in English language. ResultsAll reviewed original articles, describing studies, whose aim was to observe the heat generation during implant surgery, are experimental. A few reviews were included. As potential risk factors for thermal damage of the bone were considered the site preparation protocol, drill wear, drill design, drilling speed and cooling effectiveness.ConclusionHeat generation during implant site preparation could be increased by performing guided implant or piezoelectric surgery. The use of combined irrigation at higher speeds, sharper drills and laser-assisted osteotomy could help avoid the risk of thermal damage to the bone. The heat production during the implant site preparation is a subject to many studies, but there is still a lack of data about the temperature rise during implant insertion
Comparison between the influence of implant diameter and implant length on the primary stability
Get PDFINTRODUCTIONThe primary stability is a factor for successful osseointegration of dental implants. It is believed that factors that can increase the contact area between the implant and the bone, such as the implant shape, length, and diameter, can also increase the primary stability.AIM The aim of this study was to determine whether the increase of implant length or the increase of implant diameter would contribute more to the enhancement of primary stability.MATERIALS AND METHODSThe implant primary stability of 60 implants distributed in 6 groups, according their diameter, length and surface topography was evaluated using three methods: assessment of mean insertion torque, periotest values, and resonance frequency analysis.RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONThe results demonstrated that the primary stability achieved by increasing the diameter of the implants by 0.7 mm was comparable to that obtained by increasing their length by 2 mm at a smaller diameter (4.1 mm). When the difference in the diameter increased more (from 0.7 mm to 1.5 mm, when comparing the 3.3 mm/10 mm and 4.8 mm/8 mm implants), the increase of the length of the smaller diameter implants did not result in primary stability values comparable to those obtained during the insertion of wider and shorter implants.CONCLUSIONConsidering our results as well as the literature data, we can conclude that the increase of the implant diameter affects more the improving of the primary stability than the increase of the implant length. However, it should be taken into account that this refers to a specific diameter change of 1.5 mm and length change of 2 mm. More studies, including implants with a greater difference in the length and a different diameter to length ratio, are needed to confirm or reject this relation
Influence of Different Factors on the Resonance Frequency Analysis in Assessment of Implant Stability - Review
Get PDFIntroductionImplant stability is one of the key factors in regard to the successful outcome of implant treatment. Resonance frequency analysis (RFA) is one of the most commonly used methods in measuring the implant primary and secondary stability. The method is reliable and noninvasive, which makes it suitable at the different stages of the implant treatment.AimThe aim of this review was to establish some of the factors, which could affect the results obtained during RFA.Materials and MethodsArticles related to the subject were searched in PubMed and Google Scholar databases. Articles only in English language, published from 1996 to 2019, were included. Variety of keywords in different combinations were used to conduct the search.ResultsArticles, included in this review described clinical and experimental studies. Few reviews of the literature were added as well. Some of the articles considered RFA as a single method for measuring implant stability, while others described its use in combination with other methods. Bone-related factors, implant surface, diameter, length, as well as the position of the transducer of the device were discussed as factors, which could influence the ISQ values.ConclusionIt seems that among the discussed factors, BIC, bone density, implant diameter and the orientation of the transducer demonstrated more distinct relation to the RFA results. The influence of the implant surface modification and implant length on the ISQ values remains controversial
Adjunctive antibiotic therapy in cases of periodontitis and peri-implantitis
Get PDFIntroductionPeriodontitis and peri-implantitis are plaque-induced diseases, which are associated with certain bacteria. The conventional treatment aims primarily at tooth or implant surface debridement. In certain cases, surgical therapy is necessary. To improve the outcome of the treatment, systemic or topical antibiotics could be considered.AimThe aim of this review is to investigate the effect of the adjunctive systemically or topically delivered antibiotics on the outcome of the periodontitis and peri-implantitis treatment.Materials and MethodsArticles related to the topic were searched in the PubMed database. Articles published from 2000 to 2019, only in English language, were included in the review. The search was conducted with a variety of keywords in different combinations being used. These were: “periodontitis”, “peri-implantitis”, “antibiotic”, “local”, “metronidazole”, “amoxicillin”, “azithromycin”, “tetracycline”.ResultsForty-seven articles were included in the review. The selected articles described the adjunctive systemic and/or local delivery of metronidazole, azithromycin, the combination of metronidazole and amoxicillin and some representatives of the tetracycline group, such as doxycycline and minocycline in cases of periodontitis and peri-implantitis.ConclusionThe adjunctive systemic and topical antibiotic therapy could benefit the outcome of periodontitis and peri-implantitis treatment
Five-year follow-up of implants placed simultaneously with inferior alveolar nerve lateralisation or transposition
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Correction: Golkocheva-Markova, E. Editorial: Epidemiology and Control of Hepatitis Viruses. Life 2024, 14, 1369
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The Scientific Research on motivation for learning as an important element of social and economic sciences in the context of sphere of security and defense
Get PDFThis article gives a brief overview of a study conducted on motivation for learning as an important element of social and economic sciences in the context of the sphere of security and defense. The research is an important scientific work of the author and was developed in the period 2012-2018. At present, its results have been approved, considered appropriate and acceptable, and are applied at the National Military University in Bulgaria.
