664 research outputs found
Psychological distress among marginalized women in the outskirts of beirut: Determinants and association with health perception
No full textThe objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of psychological distress (PD) and its determinants in under-privileged women in the outskirts of Beirut, Lebanon. A cross-sectional survey of 1,869 ever-married women aged 15-59 was carried out. PD levels were determined using the 12-item General Health Questionnaire (Appendix). Health status, living conditions, social support, and physical symptoms as reported by women were recorded. Logistic regression was used to test the independent effect of each variable on PD. 46.6percent of women had PD. Psychologically distressed women had more children, less education, lower income, less social support, an uncomfortable relationship with their husband, participated in the labor force and were more likely to reside in a predominantly Moslem community. Reporting a health or living problem were significant predictors of PD. The presence of limb, back and stomach pain, and headache were associated with PD. Compared to similar populations in other countries, our sample had a high prevalence of mental distress. © The Author 2005. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the New York Academy of Medicine. All rights reserved.Alegria M, 2000, ARCH GEN PSYCHIAT, V57, P383, DOI 10.1001-archpsyc.57.4.383; Ansseau M, 2004, J AFFECT DISORDERS, V78, P49, DOI 10.1016-S0165-0327(02)00219-7; CASTRO R, 1995, SOC SCI MED, V41, P1005, DOI 10.1016-0277-9536(94)00406-J; Chesney M A, 1995, Womens Health, V1, P3; COREY CLM, 2003, SOC SCI MED, V57, P1833; ELRUFAIE OE, 1996, BRIT J PSYCHIAT, V69, P662; Farmer MM, 1997, J HEALTH SOC BEHAV, V38, P298, DOI 10.2307-2955372; GILLIS LS, 1991, S AFR MED J, V79, P490; Goldberg D, 1988, US GUID GEN HLTH QUE; Goldberg D. P., 1978, MANUAL GEN HLTH QUES; Goldberg DP, 1997, PSYCHOL MED, V27, P191, DOI 10.1017-S0033291796004242; Hegarty K, 2004, BRIT MED J, V328, P621, DOI 10.1136-bmj.328.7440.621; HOTOPF M, 2001, J PSYCHOSOM RES, V50, P19; Jacob KS, 1997, PSYCHOL MED, V27, P1215, DOI 10.1017-S0033291796004436; Kessler D, 1999, BRIT MED J, V318, P436; Kind P, 1998, BRIT MED J, V316, P736; Krantz G, 1999, SCAND J PUBLIC HEALT, V27, P311, DOI 10.1177-14034948990270040501; KRAUSE N, 1987, GERONTOLOGIST, V27, P72; LAI G, 1995, J HEALTH SOC BEHAV, V36, P11, DOI 10.2307-2137285; LEVKOFF SE, 1987, J GERONTOL, V42, P114; Marmot MG, 1998, MILBANK Q, V76, P403, DOI 10.1111-1468-0009.00097; Marras WS, 2000, SPINE, V25, P3045, DOI 10.1097-00007632-200012010-00012; Maziak W, 2002, SOC SCI MED, V54, P1419, DOI 10.1016-S0277-9536(01)00123-X; MUMFORD DB, 2000, BRIT J PSYCHIAT, V177, P562; MURPHY M, 1989, BRIT MED J, V298, P331; Ritsner M, 2001, COMPR PSYCHIAT, V42, P151, DOI 10.1053-comp.2001.19750; Saab BR, 2003, SOC SCI MED, V57, P1249, DOI 10.1016-S0277-9536(02)00505-1; Schmitz N, 1999, ACTA PSYCHIAT SCAND, V100, P462; SIMON RW, 1992, J HEALTH SOC BEHAV, V33, P25, DOI 10.2307-2136855; STEWART D, 1996, J WOMENS HEALTH, V7, P69; *UK DEP HLTH SOC S, 2001, ORE REP, pCH5; URSIN H, 1993, WORK STRESS, V7, P247, DOI 10.1080-02678379308257065; Weich S, 1998, BRIT MED J, V317, P115; Yip Y, 2001, J ADV NURS, V36, P409, DOI 10.1046-j.1365-2648.2001.01988.x52
Detainment and health: The case of the Lebanese hostages of war
No full textThe purpose of the current research was to compare former detainees of Khiam prison to a comparison group regarding depression, anxiety, presence of chronic diseases, smoking, and alcohol drinking. The sample consisted of 118 ex-detainees and 90 community controls. The Beck Depression Inventory, the Hamilton Anxiety Scale, the Clinician-Administered Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Scale, and the Harvard Trauma Questionnaire were used. The ex-detainees suffered from an increased level of depression, high anxiety scores, increased chronic diseases, smoked more, and consumed more alcohol than their comparison group. Regression analyses showed that detainment independently predicted depression and anxiety. © 2010 The Authors. Journal compilation © 2010 Australian College of Mental Health Nurses Inc.American Psychiatric Association, 1994, DIAGN STAT MAN MENT; *AMN INT, 1997, ISR FORG HOST LEB DE; *AMN INT, 2005, REP 2005; BECK AT, 1988, CLIN PSYCHOL REV, V8, P77, DOI 10.1016-0272-7358(88)90050-5; BICHESCU D, 2005, CLIN PRACTICE EPIDEM, V1; BLAKE DD, 1995, J TRAUMA STRESS, V8, P75, DOI 10.1007-BF02105408; Breslau N, 2003, ARCH GEN PSYCHIAT, V60, P289, DOI 10.1001-archpsyc.60.3.289; Corovic N, 2000, INT J LEGAL MED, V113, P197, DOI 10.1007-s004149900087; Creasey H, 1999, J AM GERIATR SOC, V47, P60; Engdahl B, 1998, AM J PSYCHIAT, V155, P1740; Farhood L, 2006, J TRANSCULT NURS, V17, P333, DOI 10.1177-1043659606291549; Farhood LF, 2003, INT J PSYCHIAT MED, V33, P39; Gale CR, 1999, LANCET, V354, P2116, DOI 10.1016-S0140-6736(99)06264-9; Hamilton M., 1976, ECDEU ASSESSMENT MAN, P193; Hapke U, 2005, J NERV MENT DIS, V193, P843, DOI 10.1097-01.nmd.0000188964.83476.e0; *INT HUM RIGHTS WA, 2004, ROAD AB GHRAIB; Kang HK, 2006, ANN EPIDEMIOL, V16, P381, DOI 10.1016-j.annepidem.2005.03.004; Koenen KC, 2002, J NERV MENT DIS, V190, P209, DOI 10.1097-01.NMD.0000012868.95340.32; Koenen KC, 2005, ARCH GEN PSYCHIAT, V62, P1258, DOI 10.1001-archpsyc.62.11.1258; Cardozo BL, 2000, JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC, V284, P569, DOI 10.1001-jama.284.5.569; Maercker A, 1997, SOC PSYCH PSYCH EPID, V32, P435; Moisander PA, 2003, FORENSIC SCI INT, V137, P133, DOI 10.1016-j.forsciint.2003.07.008; MOLLICA RF, 1992, J NERV MENT DIS, V180, P111, DOI 10.1097-00005053-199202000-00008; Mollica RF, 1998, J NERV MENT DIS, V186, P543, DOI 10.1097-00005053-199809000-00005; Myers MW, 2005, J NERV MENT DIS, V193, P278, DOI 10.1097-01.nmd.0000158371.04163.2b; Neria Y, 2000, ANXIETY STRESS COPIN, V13, P229, DOI 10.1080-10615800008415726; Neria Y, 1998, J NERV MENT DIS, V186, P174, DOI 10.1097-00005053-199803000-00006; O'Toole BI, 1998, AUST NZ J PSYCHIAT, V32, P32, DOI 10.3109-00048679809062703; Port CL, 2001, AM J PSYCHIAT, V158, P1474, DOI 10.1176-appi.ajp.158.9.1474; Saab BR, 2003, SOC SCI MED, V57, P1249, DOI 10.1016-S0277-9536(02)00505-1; SOLOMON Z, 1994, AM J PSYCHIAT, V151, P554; Sondergaard HP, 2003, NORD J PSYCHIAT, V57, P185, DOI 10.1080-08039480310001328; Sutker PB, 1996, PSYCHOL ASSESSMENT, V8, P18, DOI 10.1037-1040-3590.8.1.18; URSANO RJ, 2003, LANCET, V362, P22; Ursano RJ, 1996, EMOTIONAL AFTERMATH, P443; Waysman M, 2001, J TRAUMA STRESS, V14, P531, DOI 10.1023-A:1011112723704; West J, 1985, Int J Soc Psychiatry, V31, P282, DOI 10.1177-002076408503100406; Zakin G, 2003, PERS INDIV DIFFER, V34, P819, DOI 10.1016-S0191-8869(02)00073-912
Communication skills in a Lebanese Medical School: From movie theaters to medical classrooms
No full textBackground: Communication skills are widely taught in US medical schools, but in Lebanon, such teaching is in its infancy. Methods: At the American University of Beirut, we piloted a communication skills teaching package using video scenarios in Arabic. A total of 150 second-year medical students addressed eight communication issues in a 3-hour multi-method workshop that included watching and discussing video clips and role-playing. Results: Students evaluated the sessions positively for relevancy, quality of video clips, teaching methods, and usefulness for future practice. Conclusions: This interactive, role-playing workshop proved highly acceptable to Arab students and has been permanently incorporated into the curriculum.BESTON CL, 1997, J AUDIOV MEDIA MED, V20, P172; Fortin AH, 2002, J GEN INTERN MED, V17, P704, DOI 10.1046-j.1525-1497.2002.00628.x; IRWIN WG, 1989, MED EDUC, V23, P387; JOESBURY HE, 1990, MED EDUC, V24, P433; *LIAS COMM MED ED, FUNCT STRUCT MED SCH; Little P, 2001, BRIT MED J, V322, P1; Little P, 2001, BRIT MED J, V323, P908, DOI 10.1136-bmj.323.7318.908; Main DS, 2002, FAM MED, V34, P251; Roter DL, 2004, MED EDUC, V38, P145, DOI 10.1046-j.1365-2923.2004.01754.x; Stewart M, 2000, J FAM PRACTICE, V49, P796; Wagner Peggy J, 2002, Acad Med, V77, P1164, DOI 10.1097-00001888-200211000-0003264
MANOVA modelling of a chiropractic longitudinal study using multiple imputation
No full textThe purpose of this report is to present the detailed statistical analysis of a randomised, placebo-controlled trial comparing two different treatment modalities to an intervention of no known benefit for people with acute or subacute thoracic spine pain.
The therapy arms consist of Spinal Manipulative Therapy (SMT) and Graston Technique (GT) and the placebo is a non-functional ultrasound. A placebo group was utilised because at present there are no proven treatments for non-specific thoracic pain. This trial is registered with the Australia and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry. Ethics approval has been granted by Murdoch University Human Research and Ethics Committee, number 2007/274.
The aim of this three arm trial was to test the efficacy of SMT and GT as independent modalities compared to detuned ultrasound for the outcomes of pain and disability. The latter were measured using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and a modified Oswestry Back Pain Disability Index. The study was conducted at the Murdoch University Chiropractic student clinic in Perth, Australia, and the protocol published in Crothers et al (2008).
In this report, Section 2 provides an initial exploratory analysis of the data, Section 3 outlines the statistical models used in the final analysis, Section 4 defines these models in mathematical terms, Section 5 discusses the management of missing values via multiple imputation and Section 6 presents the results of the statistical modelling and hypothesis tests. The clinical study will be published in full elsewhere
Intestinal parasites among presumably healthy individuals in Lebanon
No full textObjective: To determine the prevalence period of intestinal parasites among presumably healthy subjects in Lebanon. Methods: One stool specimen from 2634 presumably healthy Lebanese subjects, mean age 32.1 years with a range of 14-71 years, resident of different areas in Lebanon was examined for the presence of parasites. The analysis took place in the Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon, over 25-months between 1995-1997. Results: The prevalence of intestinal parasites was 12.4percent. The most common parasites identified were Escherichia coli (3.8percent), Giardia lamblia (3.1percent) and Entamoeba histolytica (2.3percent). Conclusion: The data presented shows the need to improve hygienic conditions to contain the problem of intestinal infections with parasites in Lebanon.Abu Al Saud A. S., 1983, Saudi Medical Journal, V4, P259; ALBALLAA SR, 1993, ANN SAUDI MED, V13, P259; ARAJ GF, 1996, LEBAN MED J, V44, P129; BERGER SA, 1989, ARCH INTERN MED, V149, P117; BLACK RE, 1993, PEDIATR INFECT DIS J, V12, P751, DOI 10.1097-00006454-199309000-00010; BROUWER ML, 1999, BRIT MED J, V318, P7183; FARAG HF, 1985, TROP GEOGR MED, V37, P29; FERREIRA CS, 1994, J TROP MED HYG, V97, P121; Furness B W, 2000, MMWR CDC Surveill Summ, V49, P1; Guerreiro C, 1999, J ENVIRON MONITOR, V1, P327, DOI 10.1039-a902778e; IBRAHIM OMG, 1993, ANN SAUDI MED, V13, P126; LEWIS ZA, 1997, PATIENT CARE, V31, P60; MUSAIGER AO, 1990, SAUDI MED J, V11, P113; NORYHAYATI M, 1998, SE ASIAN J TROP MED, V29, P735; *PREV MED DEP, 1985, PREV MED DEP ANN REP, P100; QADRI SMH, 1987, ANN SAUDI MED, V7, P207; Shubair Mohammad E., 2000, Journal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology, V30, P365; Sullivan P.B., 1990, ARCH DIS CHILD, V65, P304; Taus Maria R., 1998, Boletin Chileno de Parasitologia, V53, P88; UTHMAN SM, 1967, LEBAN MED J, V20, P105; WATSON JM, 1956, LEBAN MED J, V9, P272; *WHO, 1987, PREV CONTR INT PAR I, P7; Yong Tai-Soon, 2000, Korean Journal of Parasitology, V38, P2751212
Prevalence of hepatitis B in a presumably healthy Lebanese population
No full textOBJECTIVE : Policy makers need data on the prevalence of infection with HBV in order to determine the cost effectiveness of universal immunization against hepatitis B. This study aims at determining the prevalence rate of infection with HBV in a basically healthy group of Lebanese adults. METHODS : Sera from 2634 presumably healthy Lebanese individuals, mean age 32.1 years, obtained between 1995-1997, were tested for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). The sample was composed of subjects residing in different areas in Lebanon. Detection of HBsAg was performed utilizing the ELISA technique. The analysis took place in the Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon. Chi-square test was used to examine statistical associations. RESULTS : The prevalence of HBsAg among the samples was 1.6percent. Blue-collar employees, smokers and those living in the South of Lebanon were significantly more likely to be infected with hepatitis B virus. CONCLUSIONS : The data presented indicates that Lebanon has a low prevalence of HBV infection. Cost-effective studies are needed to justify universal immunization against hepatitis B especially in countries where budgets are tight.
Impact of a communication skills audiovisual package on medical students' knowledge
No full textINTRODUCTION : Over the last decade more emphasis is being put on teaching communication skills (CS). Use of videos and role-play was suggested to improve CS. This article will present the impact of an audiovisual package on promoting the knowledge of medical students in CS. METHODS : Seventy-five second year medical students - distributed into eight groups led by four facilitators - critiqued a video clip immediately before and after the introduction of a communication skills audiovisual package. The skills taught included opening the interview, questioning, facilitation, clarification, reflection, confrontation, summarizing, and preparation of the patient for the physical exam. The students, also, role-played the reviewed scenario. The students' pre- and post-intervention responses were analyzed using a standardized grading form. RESULTS : There was a significant improvement in students' knowledge (p 0.000) after the introduction of the intervention in all the CS taught except closed ended questioning. This improvement was consistent among the four facilitators. CONCLUSION : Reviewing video scenarios and role-playing improved the knowledge in core communication skills among second-year medical students assessed by a video-based written examination
Experimental characterisation of self-healing in reconstituted Boom Clay
No full textGreen Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository 'You share, we take care!' - Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Geo-engineerin
The Methodological Reflection about the Criticism to Hu Hong in The Doubt of Zhi Yan by Zhu Hsi
No full text本文討論《知言疑義》中朱熹對胡宏的批評意見，企圖澄清兩造思路的差異，從而各自呈現兩家思維的特色與要點。《知言疑義》中胡宏的文句多半是本體工夫論合構的發言，因此語多跳躍，致引朱熹之批評。朱熹即由性善論的本體論立場批評胡宏有「性無善惡」之說，及由存有論思路的「心統性情說」批評胡宏的心性相關語句之不佳，以及由「未發涵養已發察識」的工夫次第思路批評胡宏並未重視平日涵養一節。本文將藉由作者所提之「實踐哲學的解釋架構」，以及「存有論哲學」的問題意識分析，以澄清兩造哲學問題意識的不同，因而並未形成真正的衝突，從而亦藉此說明朱熹與胡宏各自論學之重點意旨。The discussion in this article is about the criticism to Hu Hong in The doubt of Zhi yan Proposed by Zhu Hsi. The author is aiming to clear the dissimilar way of thinking between the two philosophers to the effect that both their significant theory could be appeared. Hu Hong’s philosophical announcement always integrates the ontological and practical theory, which results to the ambiguity and give rise to the criticism from Zhu Hsi. Zhu Hsi possessed the position of the goodness of nature to query Hu Hong about his no good and no evil opinion toward the theory of the human nature. In the definition of the mind and nature, master Zhu Hsi proposed the mind comprise the nature and the felling and argued with Hu Hong’s different opining. Concerning about the practical procedure theory, Zhu Hsi insist the cultivation should be built on daily life, and critic Hu Hong’s philosophy being short of this understanding. In this article the author will use the interpretational structure of the practical theory and the theory of being to analyze the different consciousness in these two systems and suggest that there exist no real conflict between them so as to explain both their philosophical thinking
St. Scholastica's interactive timeline exhibition
No full textCurrently, the information on the history of the Benedictine Sisters and St. Scholastica's College is scattered around in various PowerPoint presentations, websites, and off course books and other analog media. For the Museum Archives, a more structured exhibition is aimed for, allowing visitors to browse the history of the Philippines, the Benedictine sisters and St. Scholastica's College in the past 100 years. This interactive exhibit will be the center piece of the Museum Archives of the Missionary Benedictine Sisters in the Philippines. We are to design such a system, and start to implement it. Also, we should ensure continuity of the project by making the staff familiar with the system. This way they can take it along after we are gone, maintaining it as its database growsElectrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Scienc
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