1,721,445 research outputs found
Developmental trajectories of numerosity perception
No full textNumerosity estimation is an evolutionarily ancient ability that is thought to be foundational to mathematical learning in humans. It is widely believed that this ability is supported by a specialized mechanism, known as the Approximate Number System (ANS), which in primates has a specific neural substrate in the intraparietal sulcus.
The ANS would represent numerosity in an abstract way and its representational precision, also known as “number acuity”, is thought to be causally linked to both typical and atypical pathways of numeracy acquisition. We recently showed that visual numerosity emerges as a high-order statistical feature of images in “deep” neural networks that learn a hierarchical generative model of the sensory input without supervision (Stoianov & Zorzi, 2012, Nat. Neurosc.).
Here we demonstrate that the same model can readily account for the modulation of numerosity estimation performance induced by systematic manipulations of continuous visual properties of the stimuli, such as cumulative surface and occupied area – a finding recently interpreted as evidence against a mechanism that computes abstract numerosity (i.e., the ANS).
Second, we show that the model’s number acuity during learning improves in a way that mirrors the human developmental trajectory from infancy throughout adulthood.
Third, we show that the atypical developmental trajectory of number acuity observed in dyscalculic children can be simulated in the model by limiting the computational resources (i.e., number of hidden neurons in the deep layers) that are available for learning the generative model, which is in line with the finding of reduced gray matter density in the intraparietal sulcus of dyscalculic subjects
ONLINE SHOPPING
Full text linkDiplomski seminar govori o elektronskem poslovanju in spletnem nakupovanju. Elektronsko poslovanje in spletno nakupovanje sta med seboj povezana, saj je spletno nakupovanje del e-poslovanja. Spletno nakupovanje iz dneva v dan narašča tako v Sloveniji kot tudi po svetu in je tudi povezano s stopnjo napredka tako tehnologije kot tudi elektronskega poslovanja v določeni državi. Lahko trdimo, da spletno nakupovanje prinaša ogromno prednosti. Predvsem to, da lahko mnogo hitreje nakupujemo kot nekoč. Imamo večji pregled nad ponudbo izdelkov. Prav tako nam spletno nakupovanje prinaša lažjo primerjavo in enostavnejši nakup določenega izdelka.My diploma is about e-commerce and online shopping. Electronic commerce and online shopping are interconnected, because online shopping is a part of e-commerce. Online shopping from day to day is increasing both in Slovenia and all around the world and is also linked to the level of progress made by technology and electronic commerce in the country.
We can say that online shopping brings many advantages. Above that you can shop much more quickly than before. We have a major overhaul of its product portfolio. It also brings us to shop online for easier comparison and easier to buy a certain product
Emergence of a "Visual Number Sense" in Hierarchical Generative Models
No full textNumerosity estimation is phylogenetically ancient and foundational to human mathematical learning, but its computational bases remain controversial. Here we show that visual numerosity emerges as a statistical property of images in ‘deep networks’ that learn a hierarchical generative model of the sensory input. Emergent numerosity detectors had response profiles resembling those of monkey parietal neurons and supported numerosity estimation with the same behavioral signature shown by humans and animals
BUSINESS ASPECTS OF CLOUD COMPUTING
Full text linkRačunalništvo v oblaku je v zadnje času zelo pogosta tema na dnevnem redu sestankov v podjetjih. Računalništvo v oblaku prinaša ogromno koristi podjetju. Ne samo to, da z njo povečamo hitrost, produktivnost in učinkovitost poslovanja, ampak tudi zmanjša stroške poslovanja. V današnjem času ekonomske in gospodarske recesije in vsesplošnem varčevanju, so v podjetjih vedno bolj pozorni na stroške poslovanja. Tudi o varnosti in zasebnosti podatkov v oblaku je bilo napisano. To je trenutno eden izmed največjih dejavnikov, ki odbijajo podjetja pri selitvi svojega poslovanja v oblak. Vendar se v podjetjih ne zavedajo koliko ponudniki delajo nad tem, da bi čim bolj povečali varnost in zasebnost podatkov v oblaku. Koliko varnostnih standardov in naprednih varnostnih certifikatov imajo temu namenjeno. Vendar tehnologija napreduje in z njo tudi varnost na vseh področjih. In prišel bo čas, ko bosta varnost in zasebnost podatkov v oblaku brezhibna. Vse gre k temu. Na koncu sta bile tudi predstavljene spletni rešitvi Office 365 in Google Apps. Z neodvisno študijo je bilo dokazana, da je Google Apps, ki je dejansko računalništvo v oblaku, pripomore k večji hitrosti, učinkovitosti poslovanja in zaposlenih in zmanjšanje stroškov poslovanja.Cloud computing has recently been a very important topic on the agenda of meetings of the companies. Cloud computing brings lots of benefits to the company. Not only that, it increases the speed, productivity and business efficiency, it also reduces operating costs. In today\u27s time of economic recession and overall budget cuts, the companies increasingly pay attention to operating costs. The safety and privacy of data in the cloud have also been written in this master paper. This is currently one of the biggest factors that reflect the company to move or not to move its operations to the cloud. However, the companies do not realize how many providers are working on maximizing the security and privacy of data in the cloud. How many safety standards and advanced security certificates are dedicated. However, technology is advancing and with it the certainty in all areas. And there will come a time when you security and privacy of data in the cloud is intact. Everything goes to it.
Finally, there were also presented web solutions for businesses Office 365 and Google Apps. An independent study has shown that Google Apps that is actually cloud computing, helps to increase the speed and efficiency of operations staff and reduce operating costs
Computational foundations of the visual number sense
No full textAbstractWe provide an emergentist perspective on the computational mechanism underlying numerosity perception, its development, and the role of inhibition, based on our deep neural network model. We argue that the influence of continuous visual properties does not challenge the notion of number sense, but reveals limit conditions for the computation that yields invariance in numerosity perception. Alternative accounts should be formalized in a computational model.</jats:p
Letter perception emerges from unsupervised deep learning and recycling of natural image features
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