896 research outputs found
Characterization of PBL height and structure by Raman lidar: selected case studies from the Convective and Orographically-induced Precipitation Study
No full textThe planetary boundary layer includes the portion of the
atmosphere which is directly influenced by the
presence of the Earth's surface. Aerosol particles
trapped within the PBL can be used as tracers to study
boundary-layer vertical structure and time variability.
As a result of this, elastic backscatter signals collected
by lidar systems can be used to determine the height and
the internal structure of the PBL. Our analysis considers
a method based on the first order derivative of the
range-corrected elastic signal, which is a modified
version of the method defined by Seibert and Sicard
[1,2]. The analysis is focused on selected case studies
collected by the Raman lidar system BASIL during the
Convective and Orographically-induced Precipitation
Study, held in Southern Germany and Eastern France in
the period June-August 2007.
Estimates of the PBL height and structure for specific
case studies obtained from the above mentioned
approach are compared with simultaneous estimates
obtained from potential temperature profiles determined
from the radiosondes launched simultaneously to lidar
operation. Additional estimates of the boundary layer
height and structure are obtained from lidar temperature
signals. Preliminary results from these comparisons are
illustrated and discussed in this paper
Characterization of particle hygroscopicity by Raman lidar: Selected case studies from the convective and orographically-induced precipitation study
No full textThe characterization of particle hygroscopicity has primary importance for climate monitoring and prediction.
Model studies have demonstrated that relative humidity (RH) has a critical influence on aerosol climate forcing.
Hygroscopic properties of aerosols influence particle size distribution and refractive index and hence their radiative
effects. Aerosol particles tend to grow at large relative humidity values as a result of their hygroscopicity. Raman lidars with aerosol, water vapor and temperature measurement capability are potentially attractive tools for studying aerosol hygroscopicity as in fact they can provide continuous altitude-resolved measurements of particle optical, size and microphysical properties, as well as relative humidity, without perturbing the aerosols or their environment. Specifically, the University of Basilicata Raman lidar system (BASIL) considered for the present study, has the capability to perform all-lidar measurements of relative humidity based on the application of both the rotational and the vibrational Raman lidar techniques in the UV. BASIL was operational in Achern (Black Forest, Lat: 48.64° N, Long: 8.06° E, Elev.: 140 m) between 25 May and 30 August 2007 in the framework of the Convective and Orographically-induced Precipitation
Study (COPS). The present analysis is focused on selected case studies characterized by the presence of different aerosol types with different hygroscopic behavior. The observed behavior, dependent upon aerosol composition, may range from hygrophobic to strongly hygroscopic
The Use of Raman Lidar for the Characterization of Convection-related Parameters: Analysis of Selected Case Studies from COPS
No full textAn approach to determine the convective available
potential energy (CAPE) and the convective inhibition
(CIN) based on the use of data from a Raman lidar
system is illustrated in this work. The use of Raman
lidar data allows to provide high temporal resolution
measurements (5 min) of CAPE and CIN and follow
their evolution over extended time periods covering the
full cycle of convective activity. Lidar-based
measurements of CAPE and CIN are obtained from
Raman lidar measurements of the temperature and water
vapour mixing ratio profiles and the surface
measurements of temperature, pressure and dew point
temperature provided by a surface weather station.
The approach is applied to the data collected by the
Raman lidar system BASIL in the frame of COPS.
Attention was focused on 15 July and 25-26 July 2007.
Lidar-based measurements are in good agreement with
simultaneous measurements from radiosondes and with
estimates from different mesoscale models
RAMAN LIDAR CHARACTERIZATION OF PBL HEIGHT AND STRUCTURE DURING COPS: COMPARISON BETWEEN DIFFERENT APPROACHES
No full textThe planetary boundary layer includes the portion of the
atmosphere which is directly influenced by the
presence of the Earth's surface. Aerosol particles
trapped within the PBL can be used as tracers to study
boundary-layer vertical structure and time variability.
The PBL height and structure can be estimated based on
the use of Raman lidar data. The method is based on the
first order derivative of the range-corrected elastic
signal (RCS), which is a modified version of the method
defined by Seibert et al. [1] and Sicard et al. [2].
Estimates of the PBL height and structure are obtained
from the above mentioned approach are compared with
simultaneous estimates obtained from potential
temperature profiles determined from the radiosondes
launched simultaneously to lidar operation. Additional
estimates of the boundary layer height are obtained from
rotational Raman lidar signals, used for temperature
measurements signals. Preliminary results and
correlation are illustrated and discussed
Characterization of the planetary boundary layer height and structure by Raman lidar: comparison of different approaches
No full textThe Planetary Boundary Layer (PBL) includes the portion of the atmosphere which is directly influenced by the presence of the Earth’s surface. Aerosol particles trapped within the PBL can be used as tracers to study the boundary-layer vertical structure and time variability. As a result of this, elastic backscatter signals collected by lidar systems can be used to determine the height and the internal structure of the PBL.
The present analysis considers three different methods to estimate the PBL height. A first method is based on the determination of the first order derivative of the logarithm of
the range-corrected elastic lidar signals. Estimates of the PBL height for specific case studies obtained from this approach are compared with simultaneous estimates from the potential temperature profiles measured by radiosondes launched simultaneously to lidar operation. Additional estimates of the boundary layer height are based on the determination of the first order derivative of the range-corrected rotational Raman lidar signals. This latter approach results to be successfully applicable also in the afternoon-evening decaying phase of the PBL, when the effectiveness of the approach based
on the elastic lidar signals may be compromised or altered by the presence of the residual layer. Results from these different approaches are compared and discussed in the paper, with a specific focus on selected case studies collected by the University of Basilicata Raman lidar system BASIL during the Convective and Orographically- induced Precipitation Study (COPS)
THE USE OF RAMAN LIDAR FOR THE CHARACTERIZATIONOF PARTICLE HYGROSCOPICITY: ANALYSIS OF SELECTED CASE STUDIES FROM THE CONVECTIVE AND OROGRAPHICALLY-INDUCED PRECIPITATION STUDY
No full textAerosol particles tend to grow at large relative humidity
values as a result of their hygroscopicity. Raman lidars
with aerosol, water vapour and temperature
measurement capability are potentially attractive tools
for studying aerosol hygroscopicity as in fact they can
provide continuous altitude-resolved measurements of
particle optical, size and microphysical properties, as
well as relative humidity, without perturbing the
aerosols or their environment. Specifically, the
University of Basilicata Raman lidar system (BASIL)
considered in the present study has the capability to
perform all-lidar measurements of relative humidity
based on the combined application of the rotational and
the vibrational Raman lidar techniques in the UV.
BASIL was operational in Achern (Black Forest, Lat:
48.64 ° N, Long: 8.06 ° E, Elev.: 140 m) between 25
May and 30 August 2007 in the framework of the
Convective and Orographically-induced Precipitation
Study (COPS). The present analysis is focused on
selected case studies characterized by the presence of
different aerosol types with different hygroscopic
behaviour. The observed behaviour, dependent upon
aerosol composition, ranges from hygrophobic to
hygroscopic, with monotonic (smoothly varying) or
deliquescent (step change) growth
The symbols in the poetry of ruben dario
No full text碩士本論文主要分為三個章節，第一章，何為象徵符號？本章節主要藉由象徵理論學家，威爾伯 (Wilbur Marshall Urban)、弗萊(Northrop Frye)、托多羅夫(Tzvetan Todorov)、賽洛特(Juan-Eduardo Cirlot)以及其他學者的相關文獻解釋象徵符號的定義以及象徵符號在文學作品中的定義。
第二章針對達里歐的生平、作品以及達里歐在現實主義時期的重要性為論述重點。筆者根據達里歐的生平以及生長年代來了解他的作品特色，達里歐一生多采多姿，尤其感情方面更為豐富，這些人生際遇皆影響達里歐的寫作風格。達里歐不只是詩人，也是歷史的見證者，從他的作品中可以看到政治歷史的變化趨勢。達里歐著作極為豐富，筆者在本章節挑選三本可以代表達里歐的作品：《藍》(Azul)、《每日詩》(Prosas profanes)以及《生命與希望之歌》(Cantos de vida y esperanza)。達里歐與現實主義有著密不可分的關係，他的寫作風格不僅受到現實主義作家的影響，同時也是影響現實主義作家的重要人士之一。
第三章筆者不僅針對達里歐的詩集作品分析，同時也分析其散文作品，如《稀奇》(Los raros)。筆者將經常出現於達里歐作品中的象徵符號分為三個部分：顏色符號、禽鳥符號和寶石符號。顏色符號部分主要分析的顏色為藍色、綠色、白色以及黑色。禽鳥符號則針對天鵝、鴿子、孔雀和老鷹。而最後的寶石符號則以珠寶、寶石、鑽石、琥珀、黃金和水晶為主要分析內容。
最後筆者希望藉由這篇論文的研究，能讓大家了解象徵符號經由作家的詮釋，即使相同的符號，也擁有不同的意義。此外也希望大家能透過此篇論文認識文學史上重要的拉丁美洲作家盧本達里歐先生。In this thesis we explore definitions of symbols and the life of the author in the book of Ruben Dario. Dario is an author who emphasized the importance of the use of symbols though out his books. Therefore we might consider him as a master specialized in writing with symbols.
We divide the thesis into three chapters. In the first chapter, we give details to the definition of the symbols. According to scholars like Urban, Frye, Todorov and Cirlot, we are able to understand symbols in forms of signs, images and words. The concept of the symbols is relatively comprehensive, taking into consideration that a symbol is not always a sign; in fact, it is much more than a sign.
In the second chapter, we describe Ruben Dario about his life, literary works and the times when he lived. His life was interesting, colorful and varied. He was not only a poet but a public figure, having been an ambassador of Nicaragua in Spain. Dario wrote many pieces and each was important to him. Based on his narration, there are three books that can represent Ruben Dario, Azul, Prosas profanas and Cantos de vida y esperanza.
Dario was the master of Modernism, mainly because of the great influence of Latin America. Not only did Ruben Dario influence the poets of Modernism but was influenced by other poets in the same period.
In the last chapter we examine the symbols in the poetry of Dario and we divided the symbols into three parts: the colors, birds and precious stones. The first part, we examine the colors. There are blue, green, and black. In the second part, we deal with the symbols of birds, including swans, pigeons, peacocks and eagles. And in the last part, we talk about precious stones. We analyze the symbols of agate, ruby, diamond, crystal and gold. Finally, we end up with the conclusions and bibliography.INTRODUCCION 1
Motivo y objetivo 1
Metodologia de trabajo 3
CAPITULO I: ¿QUE SON LOS SIMBOLOS? 5
1.1 Teorias del simbolo 6
1.2 Los simbolos en la literatura 15
CAPITULO II: RUBEN DARIO Y SU OBRA POETICA 22
2.1 Vida 22
2.2 Obra literaria 28
2.3 Ruben Dario y el Modernismo 35
CAPITULO III: LOS SIMBOLOS EN LA POESIA DE RUBEN DARIO 40
3.1 Colores 40
3.2 Aves 45
3.3 Piedras preciosas 59
CONCLUSION 72
BIBLIOGRAFIA 77
ANEXOS 83學號: 698120028, 學年度: 10
’The Prison and the Factory’ Revisited (2017): Penality and the Critique of Political Economy Between Marx and Foucault
No full textAn assessment of the "fortune" of the book by Dario Melossi and Massimo Pavarini, The Prison and the Factory, 40 years after the original publication. In particular, the author deals with the relationship with the work by Michel Foucault and the linkages of both to the Marxist tradition
THE USE OF RAMAN LIDAR FOR THE CHARACTERIZATION OF PARTICLE HYGROSCOPICITY: ASSESSMENT OF CASE STUDIES COLLECTED DURING COPS
No full textModel studies have demonstrated that relative humidity
has a critical influence on aerosol climate forcing. The
relationship between aerosol backscattering and relative
humidity has been investigated in numerous studies.
Hygroscopic properties of aerosols influence particle
size distribution and refractive index and hence their
radiative effects.
Aerosol particles tend to grow at large relative humidity
values as a result of their hygroscopicity. Raman lidars
with aerosol, water vapour and temperature
measurement capability are potentially attractive tools
for studying aerosol hygroscopicity as in fact they can
provide continuous altitude-resolved measurements of
particle optical, size and microphysical properties, as
well as relative humidity, without perturbing the
aerosols or their environment. The present analysis is
focused on selected case studies characterized by the
presence of different aerosol types with different
hygroscopic behaviour
Water Vapour Mixing Ratio Measurements in Potenza in the Frame of the International Network for the Detection of Atmospheric Composition Change-NDACC
No full textIn November 2012 the University of BASILicata Raman Lidar system (BASIL) was approved to enter the International Network for the Detection of Atmospheric Composition Change (NDACC). This network includes more than 70 high-quality, remote-sensing research stations for observing and understanding the physical and chemical state of the upper troposphere and stratosphere and for assessing the impact of stratosphere changes on the underlying troposphere and on global climate. As part of this network, more than thirty groundbased Lidars deployed worldwide are routinely operated to monitor atmospheric ozone, temperature, aerosols, water vapour, and polar stratospheric clouds. In the frame of NDACC, BASIL performs measurements on a routine basis each Thursday, typically from local noon to midnight, covering a large portion of the daily cycle. Measurements from BASIL are included in the NDACC database both in terms of water vapour mixing ratio and temperature. This paper illustrates some measurement examples from BASIL, with a specific focus on water vapour measurements, with the goal to try and characterize the system performances
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