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Results from the ANTARES Neutrino Telescope with Six Years of Data
No full textAbstractThe ANTARES neutrino telescope, completed in 2008, is the largest neutrino telescope in the Northern hemisphere. Located at a depth of 2.5km in the Mediterranean Sea, 40km off the Toulon shore, its main goal is the search for high energy neutrinos of astrophysical origin. In this paper we review the main physics results, ranging from searches for steady point sources and diffuse fluxes of neutrinos, to multi-messenger analyses and particle physics
Future neutrino + Extensive Air Shower challenges
Full text link“Multimessenger” astrophysics, connecting traditional astronomy with cosmic ray (CR), γ-ray and neutrino observations, is a new branch of physics connecting particle physics, astrophysics and cosmology. It is made possible by the availability of experimental techniques and detectors developed for high-energy physics. These have allowed the realization of sensible detectors in space (for the measurement of the primary CR flux, search for primary antimatter, astrophysical studies of γ-ray sources up to hundreds of GeV), on the Earth surface (arrays of detectors for the study of the high energy component of CRs, the identification and characterizations of γ-ray sources up to hundreds of TeV), deep underground detectors (for studies of neutrino oscillations, measurement of solar neutrinos, searches for neutrinos from gravitational core-collapse of massive stars) and under kilometers of water or ice (detection of high-energy neutrinos emitted from astrophysical accelerators). The experimental identification of the engines (or class of engines) able to accelerate protons to energies orders of magnitude larger than in the LHC is one of major open problems in multimessenger astrophysics. In additions, almost all experiments enter in the game for the indirect searches for dark matter candidates. All the involved detectors are characterized by long term measurement campaigns in hostile or inaccessible environments, requiring stable, robust, low cost and low-power electronics detectors. Here, we present a brief outlook and perspectives for the multimessenger studies, with particular attentions to cosmic neutrinos and ground-based observatories of air shower
Highlights from the ANTARES neutrino telescope
No full textThe ANTARES detector was the first deep sea neutrino telescope, located offshore the French southern coast at about 2500 m under the sea level. Despite its (relative) small size, it has given an essential contribution to recent development of neutrino particle physics and astrophysics. ANTARES was operating in its full configuration from May 2008 to February 2022. After the stop of data tacking, the detector was decommissioned between May and June 2022. The large amount of high quality data and its scientific results has proven the reliability of underwater detection technique of high-energy neutrinos and has pushed the development of the new generation of seawater neutrino telescopes. Its detection principle is based on the collection of the Cherenkov photons emitted along the path of relativistic particles emerging from neutrino interactions in the vicinity of the telescope, using a lattice of almost 900 optical modules, each hosting a 10" photomultiplier, distributed along 12 flexible strings. All information on the signal - time, position and charge - are transmitted to the onshore control station where a computer farm processes the data stream using dedicated trigger algorithms. Potentially interesting events are then stored and finally treated with tracking programs that reconstruct the direction of parent neutrinos. Technical details on ANTARES can be found in [1]. In this contribution a short review of some recent results obtained with the ANTARES detector is given
Atmospheric neutrino oscillations in MACRO
No full textWe present updated results of the measurement of muons produced by atmospheric neutrino interactions inside the MACRO detector or in the rock surrounding it. Three event topologies are detected in two different energy ranges. The data favor a neutrino oscillation explanation of the atmospheric neutrino anomaly
Antares: Towards a large underwater neutrino experiment
No full textAfter a long R&D phase to validate its detector concept, the ANTARES (Astronomy with a Neutrino Telescope and Abyss environmental RESearch) collaboration 1) is operating the largest neutrino telescope in the Northern hemisphere, which is close to completion. It is located in the Mediterranean Sea, offshore from Toulon in France at a depth of ∼ 2500 m of water which provide a shield from cosmic rays. The detector design is based on the reconstruction of events produced by neutrino interactions. The expected angular resolution for high energy νμ (E>10 TeV) is less than 0.3°. To achieve this good angular resolution, severe requirements on the time resolution of the detected photons and on the determination of the relative position of the detection devices must be reached. The full 12-line detector is planned to be fully operational during this year. At present (April 2008) there are 10 lines taking data plus an instrumented line deployed at the edge of the detector to monitor environmental sea parameters. This paper describes the design of the detector as well as some results obtained during the 2007 5-line run (from March to December). Copyright © 2008, by INFN
High-energy neutrino searches in the Mediterranean sea: The antares results
Full text linkThe antares Collaboration is operating the first neutrino telescope (NT) ever built in the deep sea. The detector was gradually deployed between 2006 and 2008 and is, as of today, the largest NT in the Northern Hemisphere. It is anchored 2475m below the surface of the Mediterranean Sea and 40km offshore from Toulon (France). The detector is contributing significantly in the new endeavor of multimessenger astrophysics thanks to its excellent angular resolution in both the Î1⁄2Î1⁄4 channel and the cascade channel (induced by all neutrino flavours). The Southern sky (in particular central regions of our Galaxy) is studied searching for extended regions of emission as well as for point-like objects. By adopting a multimessenger approach, based on time and/or space coincidences with other cosmic probes, the sensitivity can be considerably augmented. antares provides also various constraints on Dark Matter through indirect searches for WIMP annihilation, with limits that are the most restrictive in some WIMP mass intervals
Atmospheric neutrino physics with the MACRO detector
No full textWe present the measurement of the the flux and angular distribution of atmospheric vμ using the MACRO detector. Three different event topologies are detected in two different energy ranges. High energy neutrinos (Ēν ∼ 80 GeV) via the identification of upward throughgoing muons. Lower energy neutrinos (Ēν ∼ 4 GeV) via the upgoing stopping and partially contained downgoing muons (ID+UGS), or via the partially contained upgoing muons (IU). The measured flux is reduced with respect to the predictions. For the high energy sample, globally the flux reduction is 0.74 ± 0.054stat+sys ± 0.12th; the reduction varies with the zenith angle. The ratio of measured to expected events is almost constant with the zenith angle for the low energy events, and is 0.57±0.08stat+sys±0.14theor for the IU sample, and 0.71±0.09stat+sys±0.17theor for the (ID+UGS). All the data sets are consistent within a scenario of neutrino oscillations, with maximum mixing and △m2 ∼ 10-3 ÷ 10-2 eV2
Overview of ANTARES neutrino telescope: Multimessenger results
Full text linkMultimessenger astrophysics, connecting traditional astronomy with charged cosmic ray, γ-ray, gravitational wave and neutrino observations, has been made possible by the availability of experimental techniques developed, in most cases, for particle physics detectors. ANTARES is a large neutrino telescope located at 2475 m below the Mediterranean Sea level, 40 km offshore from Toulon (France). Data-taking started with the first 5 lines installed in 2007 and the full detector, completed in May 2008, will continue collecting data until 2020. The main objective of the telescope is to search for steady neutrinos sources and neutrinos from transient phenomena. For this reason, the Collaboration is involved in a wide multimessenger program to exploit the connection between neutrinos and other cosmic messengers: electromagnetic radiation from radio and visible to X- and γ-rays; charged cosmic rays; gravitational waves. Among all the possible astrophysical sources, transient sources increase the observation possibilities thanks to the suppression of atmospheric background in a well-defined space-time window. In addition, thanks to the sub-degree angular resolution at high energy, the telescope has the possibility to significantly constrain models on the origin of part of the IceCube cosmic neutrinos in the Southern Sky, or on the blazar provenance of the highest-energy neutrinos. Furthermore, the combination of ANTARES and IceCube data allows to enhance the sensitivity for point-like neutrino sources in the Southern Hemisphere. Finally, ANTARES can also search for neutrinos produced by the annihilation of Dark Matter particles. The recent ANTARES results are summarized in the following
Highlights from the ANTARES neutrino telescope
Full text linkThe ANTARES detector, located offshore the French southern coast at about 2500 m under the sea level, was the first deep sea neutrino telescope. Despite its (relative) small size, ANTARES has provided essential contributions to neutrino particle physics and astrophysics. ANTARES was operating in its full configuration from May 2008 to February 2022. After the stop of data taking, the detector was decommissioned between May and June 2022. The large amount of high quality data and its scientific results has proven the reliability of underwater detection technique of high-energy (HE) neutrinos and has pushed the development of the new generation of seawater neutrino telescopes. Its detection principle is based on the collection of the Cherenkov photons emitted along the path of relativistic particles emerging from neutrino interactions in the vicinity of the telescope, using a lattice of almost 900 optical modules, each hosting a 10" photomultiplier, distributed along 12 flexible strings. All information on the signal - time, position and charge - are transmitted to the onshore control station where the data stream is processed using dedicated trigger algorithms. Technical details on ANTARES can be found in [1]. ANTARES detected neutrinos at different energy ranges, from the tens of GeV (when atmospheric neutrino oscillations can be measured), passing to the TeV-scale (relevant for indirect dark matter searches) up to the multi-TeV energies of cosmic neutrinos. The main background in neutrino telescopes comes from atmospheric muons, which can be easily rejected during physics analysis with a directional cut on reconstructed events. In this contribution a highlight of recent results obtained with the ANTARES detector is given
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